Assessment of Static and Dynamic Load Tolerance of the Implant Mounts on its Particular Implant.

Objectives: We compared the loads at which the implant holders from Astra Tech (AST) (AstraOsseoSpeed) and Osseotite Certain failed under static compression after experiencing fatigue, as well as the gap that resulted from dynamic loading between the implant-holder complexes. Materials and Method: The ISO 14801 recommendation served as the foundation for the test protocol. Each brand's five implant-implant holder assemblies underwent dynamic loading. A load of 200 N was applied at a stress frequency of 12 Hz and a cycle rate of 5105. (Eden Prairie, MN, USA). Using scanning electron microscopy (S3700N, HITACHI, Japan), the gap (m) at the interface was measured post-fatigue. Static loading was then used to determine the highest load (N) after the point of failure. Controls included definitive abutment-implant complexes. Statistics were used to analyze the data. Result: The Osseotite Certain group showed a slight trend toward greater resistance, but there was no diversity among the two implant holder groups (P 0.05). AST (AstraOsseoSpeed) implants had a larger interface gap, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: With respect to greatest compression load or the interface gap following dynamic loading, there were no discernible differences between the two experimental groups.

A 10 years retrospective study of assessment of prevalence and risk factors of dental implants failures.

AIM: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of dental implants failure and risk factors affecting dental implant outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present retrospective study was conducted on 826 patients who received 1420 dental implants in both genders. Length of implant, diameter of implant, location of implant, and bone quality were recorded. Risk factors such as habit of smoking, history of diabetes, hypertension, etc., were recorded. RESULTS: In 516 males, 832 dental implants and in 310 females, 588 dental implants were placed. Maximum dental implant failure was seen with length <10 mm (16%), with diameter <3.75 mm, and with type IV bone (20.6%). The difference found to be significant (P < 0.05). Maximum dental implant failures were seen with smoking (37%) followed by hypertension (20.8%), diabetes (20.3%), and CVDs (18.7%). Healthy patients had the lowest failure rate (4.37%). CONCLUSION: Dental implant failure was high in type IV bone, dental implant with <3.75 mm diameter, dental implant with length <10.0 mm, and among smokers.

Assessment of Various Dental Occupational Hazards and Safety Measures among Dentists of Odisha, India.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Dental professionals are more prone to get exposed to various occupational health problems. The aim is to assess various dental occupational hazards and safety measures among dentists of Odisha, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted among 572 dental professionals of both genders. A self-administered questionnaire which comprises name, age, gender, number of years of experience, type of occupational hazard, awareness of occupational hazards, safety measures practiced, and working hours per week was given to dental professionals and the responses were recorded. RESULTS: 545 (95.2%) dentists were responded out of 572 participants. Age group 20-40 years had 55 males and 24 females, 40-60 years had 154 males and 84 females, and >60 years had 116 males and 60 females. 220 dentists had 10-15 years of experience, 190 had 5-10 years, 60 had <5 years, 40 had 15-20 years, and 35 had >20 years. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). The most common occupational hazard was musculoskeletal disorders seen in 480 (88%), stress in 273 (50%); maximum occupational hazard (52%) was noticed in dentists with <5 years of working experience; proper safety protocols adopted by dentists were the use of sterilized instruments 99%, gloves 98%, face mask 82%, vaccination against hepatitis 54%, head cap 51%, eyewear 12.6%, and proper waste disposal 7%. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The chances of occupational hazards are more common in dentists. The prevalence was higher among dentists with less than 5 years of experience. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Knowledge and awareness about occupational hazards can help prevent complications due to occupational hazards in dental practice.

Treatment of gingival recession using a coronally-advanced flap procedure with or without placental membrane.

AIM: The aim of the present study was to compare the treatment of gingival recession defects using a coronally-advanced flap procedure with or without placental membrane. METHODS: Sixty teeth in 15 patients with single and multiple Miller's class I and II gingival recession defects bilaterally in the anterior and premolar region of the maxilla and mandible were divided into two groups. In group I (control), 30 recession defects were treated with coronally-advanced flap alone using Zucchelli's technique. In group II (test), 30 recession defects were treated with coronally-advanced flap along with placental membrane. Probing depth, height of the gingival recession (HGR), clinical attachment level (CAL), width of the gingival recession, and width of the keratinized tissue (WKT) were recorded at baseline and 3 and 6 months after the surgical procedures. RESULTS: There was a statistically-significant reduction in the HGR, gain in the CAL, and WKT in group II compared to group I. CONCLUSION: Coronally-advanced flap with placental allograft provides a reliable technique for root coverage when compared to coronally-advanced flap alone.

The cell biology and role of resorptive cells in diseases: A review.

Resorptive cells are responsible for the resorption of mineralized matrix of hard tissues. Bone-resorbing cells are called osteoclasts; however, they can resorb mineralized dental tissues or calcified cartilage and then they are called odontoclasts and chondroclasts, respectively. Resorptive cells form when mononuclear precursors derived from a monocyte-macrophage cell lineage are attracted to certain mineralized surfaces and subsequently fuse and adhere onto them for exerting their resorbing activity. These cells are responsible for degradation of calcified extracellular matrix composed of organic molecules and hydroxyapatite. The activity of these cells can be observed in both physiological and pathological processes throughout life and their activity is mainly required in bone turnover and growth, spontaneous and induced (orthodontic) tooth movement, tooth eruption, and bone fracture healing, as well as in pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone metastasis. In addition, they are responsible for daily control of calcium homeostasis. Clastic cells also resorb the primary teeth for shedding before the permanent teeth erupt into the oral cavity.