Abscess Associated with Sialolith in a Parotid Duct - A Case Report.

RATIONALE: The aim of this work is to describe the case of a large abscess associated with a sialolith in the parotid duct. PATIENT CONCERNS: Patient's concern is evident in this pathology, because infection untreated or rapidly spreading infections can be potentially life-threatening secondary to airway compromise or septicemia. DIAGNOSIS: Clinical examination, ultrasonography of the region, and cone beam computed tomography were requested to confirm the diagnosis of a sialolith associated with a large abscess. TREATMENT: Antibiotic therapy with extraoral drainage was performed. After remission of the infection, the stone was located, removed, and the edges sutured. OUTCOMES: The patient was followed for 6 months. There was a minimal scar without any other noteworthy change. TAKE-AWAY LESSONS: The pathological changes involving the salivary glands are extremely important for diagnosis and treatment plan.

Characterization of Patients Who Return to Hospital Following Discharge from Hospitalization For COVID-19

BackgroundData on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who return to hospital after discharge are scarce. Characterization of these patients may inform post-hospitalization care. Methods and FindingsRetrospective cohort study of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 discharged alive from five hospitals in New York City with index hospitalization between February 27th-April 12th, 2020, with follow-up of [≥]14 days. Significance was defined as P<0.05 after multiplying P by 125 study-wide comparisons. Of 2,864 discharged patients, 103 (3.6%) returned for emergency care after a median of 4.5 days, with 56 requiring inpatient readmission. The most common reason for return was respiratory distress (50%). Compared to patients who did not return, among those who returned there was a higher proportion of COPD (6.8% vs 2.9%) and hypertension (36% vs 22.1%). Patients who returned also had a shorter median length of stay (LOS) during index hospitalization (4.5 [2.9,9.1] vs. 6.7 [3.5, 11.5] days; Padjusted=0.006), and were less likely to have required intensive care on index hospitalization (5.8% vs 19%; Padjusted=0.001). A trend towards association between absence of in-hospital anticoagulation on index admission and return to hospital was also observed (20.9% vs 30.9%, Padjusted=0.064). On readmission, rates of intensive care and death were 5.8% and 3.6%, respectively. ConclusionsReturn to hospital after admission for COVID-19 was infrequent within 14 days of discharge. The most common cause for return was respiratory distress. Patients who returned had higher proportion of COPD and hypertension with shorter LOS on index hospitalization, and a trend towards lower rates of in-hospital treatment-dose anticoagulation. Future studies should focus on whether these comorbid conditions, longer LOS and anticoagulation are associated with reduced readmissions.

Identification of Immune complement function as a determinant of adverse SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome

SO_SCPLOWUMMARYC_SCPLOWUnderstanding the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical for therapeutics and public health intervention strategies. Viral-host interactions can guide discovery of regulators of disease outcomes, and protein structure function analysis points to several immune pathways, including complement and coagulation, as targets of the coronavirus proteome. To determine if conditions associated with dysregulation of the complement or coagulation systems impact adverse clinical outcomes, we performed a retrospective observational study of 11,116 patients who presented with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that history of macular degeneration (a proxy for complement activation disorders) and history of coagulation disorders (thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and hemorrhage) are risk factors for morbidity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients - effects that could not be explained by age, sex, or history of smoking. Further, transcriptional profiling of nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from 650 control and SARS-CoV-2 infected patients demonstrated that in addition to innate Type-I interferon and IL-6 dependent inflammatory immune responses, infection results in robust engagement and activation of the complement and coagulation pathways. Finally, we conducted a candidate driven genetic association study of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease. Among the findings, our scan identified putative complement and coagulation associated loci including missense, eQTL and sQTL variants of critical regulators of the complement and coagulation cascades. In addition to providing evidence that complement function modulates SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome, the data point to putative transcriptional genetic markers of susceptibility. The results highlight the value of using a multi-modal analytical approach, combining molecular information from virus protein structure-function analysis with clinical informatics, transcriptomics, and genomics to reveal determinants and predictors of immunity, susceptibility, and clinical outcome associated with infection.

Hypoglycaemic effect of resveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats is impaired when supplemented in association with leucine.

Studies have shown synergistic and independent effects of leucine and resveratrol (RSV) as possible therapeutic agents to ameliorate metabolic disorders. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation with leucine and RSV, alone and in combination, on metabolic changes in white adipose tissue of neonatally STZ-induced diabetic rats. After weaning, the rats were treated with trans-resveratrol (0.6 mg/kg/dose) and/or leucine (1.35 mg/kg/dose) administered orally. The animals were euthanized at age 16 weeks for blood analyses. Subcutaneous (SC), periepididymal (PE) and retroperitoneal (RP) fat pads were weighed. Adipocytes from PE and RP pads were isolated for morphometric analysis. Long-term supplementation with RSV promoted adiposity recovery, prevented hypoinsulinemia and improved the metabolic profile of the diabetic rats. However, some of these effects were impaired when RSV was associated with leucine. The diabetic rats supplemented with leucine alone showed no significant improvement in metabolic disorders.

Effect of topical application of dipyrone on dental sensitivity reduction after in-office dental bleaching: A randomized, triple-blind multicenter clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Tooth sensitivity commonly occurs during and immediately after dental bleaching. The authors conducted a trial to compare tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching after the use of either a topical dipyrone or placebo gel. METHODS: A split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, multicenter clinical trial was conducted among 120 healthy adults having teeth that were shade A2 or darker. The facial tooth surfaces of the right or left sides of the maxillary arch of each patient were randomly assigned to receive either topical dipyrone or placebo gel before 2 in-office bleaching sessions (35% hydrogen peroxide) separated by 2 weeks. Visual analog and numerical rating scales were used to record tooth sensitivity during and up to 48 hours after bleaching. Tooth color change from baseline to 1 month after bleaching was measured with shade guide and spectrophotometer measures. The primary outcome variable was absolute risk of tooth sensitivity. An intention-to-treat analysis was used to analyze data from all patients who were randomly assigned to receive the dipyrone and placebo gels. RESULTS: No statically significant difference was found in the absolute risk of tooth sensitivity between the dipyrone and placebo gels (83% and 90%, respectively, P = .09; relative risk, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 1.0). A whitening effect was observed in both groups with no statistically significant difference (P > .05) between them. No adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION: Topical use of dipyrone gel before tooth bleaching, at the levels used in this study, did not reduce the risk or intensity of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Topical application of dipyrone gel does not reduce bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity.

Surfe é estilo de vida: motivação para a prática em mulheres jovens / Surf is lifestyle: motivation to practice in young women

Com a popularização cada vez mais notória do surfe, a procura pela modalidade aumentou abruptamente e o esporte ganhou os mais diversos adeptos. As mulheres vem mostrando interesse pela modalidade e é cada vez mais frequente a presença das mesmas no ambiente do surfe. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os aspectos motivacionais envolvidos com a aderência e permanência a prática de surfe em mulheres jovens. A pesquisa foi feita com 20 mulheres que iniciaram ou realizam a prática através de serviços oferecidos por escolinhas de surfe, por no mínimo seis meses. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o questionário "Inventário de Motivação à Prática Regular de Atividade Física" - IMPRAF-54 e um questionário estruturado, elaborado pelos autores, com questões sobre características motivacionais específicas da modalidade surfe. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o prazer, o bem estar e a qualidade de vida são os principais fatores para a aderência e permanência no esporte. Observa-se que a competitividade foi à dimensão motivacional menos citada no estudo. Podemos concluir que a procura pelo surfe se dá pela felicidade, liberdade e bem estar que a prática dessa modalidade acarreta para os praticantes.

With the increasingly notorious popularization of surfing, the demand for sport increased sharply and the sport has gained the most diverse practitioners. Women has been showing interest in sport and is increasingly frequent presence in surf environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the motivational aspects involved with begin and stay the practice of surfing in young women. The survey was conducted with 20 women who start or perform the practice through services offered by surf schools for at least six months. For data analysis, we used the questionnaire "Inventory Motivation to Regular Physical Activity" - IMPRAF-54 and a structured questionnaire developed by the authors, with questions about specific motivational characteristics of surfing mode. The survey results show that pleasure, well-being and quality of life are the main factors for grip and stay in the sport. It is observed that competitiveness was the motivational dimension less cited in the study. We can conclude that demand for surfing is by happiness, freedom and well-being that practice this modality entails for practitioners.