Effects of electroacupuncture combined with paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection on withdrawal symptoms and neurotransmitters in methamphetamine addicts.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture combined with paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection (PP-LAI) on withdrawal symptoms and neurotransmitters in methamphetamine (MA) addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 109 methamphetamine addicts, who were treated in the hospital from October 2021 to October 2022, were selected. According to the random number table, the patients were divided into the study group (n=54) and the control group (n=55), in which the control group was treated with PP-LAI and the study group was treated with electroacupuncture on the basis of the control group; the methamphetamine withdrawal symptom score scale was used to assess the therapeutic effect before treatment and within 12 months after treatment; the changes of brain neurotransmitters dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, acetylcholine values were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: 1) There was no statistical difference in MA withdrawal symptom scores between the two groups before treatment (p>0.05); 2) MA withdrawal symptom scores have a statistically significant difference between the study group and the control group after 3 and 6 months of treatment; 3) dopamine levels in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after 6 months of completion of treatment, and γ-aminobutyric acid values and 5- serotonin values in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Electroacupuncture combined with PP-LAI can partially improve the withdrawal symptoms and anxiety of methamphetamine addicts. This is a potential treatment for preventing relapse of withdrawal symptoms.

Clinical effect of modified electroconvulsive therapy on schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in patients with schizophrenia and provide a reference for the selection of safe and effective treatment options in clinical practice. METHODS: A total of 200 patients with schizophrenia, who were admitted to Wuhan Wudong Hospital Psychiatric Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020, were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group (100 cases in each group) according to a random number table. The control group was treated with conventional antipsychotics (risperidone and aripiprazole), and the observation group was given conventional antipsychotics (risperidone and aripiprazole) with MECT. After 8 weeks, the clinical efficacy, cognitive and memory functions and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was 90%, which was higher than that of the control group (74%), and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test results of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the cognitive function of the observation group was better than that of the control group (p<0.05). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition index of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the memory function of the observation group was better than that of the control group (p<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The application of MECT in patients with schizophrenia can produce a good clinical curative effect, which is beneficial to the improvement and promotion of memory and cognitive functions in patients. Since the occurrence of adverse reactions is controllable, and safety is ideal, MECT has value in clinical application.

The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor. / Wplyw powtarzalnej przezczaszkowej stymulacji magnetycznej na negatywne objawy schizofrenii i surowiczy neurotroficzny czynnik pochodzenia mózgowego.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the negative symptoms of chronic schizophrenia and serum brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). METHODS: A total of 86 patients with chronic schizophrenia hospitalised from March to October 2019 were randomly assigned to the active rTMS group or the sham rTMS group, with 43 patients in each group. All patients were administered paliperidone orally at a dose of 3-6 mg/d, and rTMS treatment was given to the active rTMS group. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and the serum BDNF concentration were calculated in both groups at baseline and after two and four weeks of treatment. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the PANSS scores and serum BDNF concentrations between the two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). However, after four weeks of treatment, the change in the score on the negative symptom scale in the active rTMS group was greater than in the sham rTMS group (p < 0.05), and the serum BDNF levels in the active rTMS group were higher than in the sham rTMS group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Four weeks of continuous rTMS treatment can effectively improve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and the serum concentration of BDNF increases as the duration of rTMS treatment increases.

The Effect of Computer-Assisted Cognitive Remediation Therapy on Cognitive Function, Social Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Vascular Dementia.

Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the effects of computer-assisted cognitive remediation therapy (CCRT) on cognitive function, social function and quality of life in patients with vascular dementia (VD). Methods: Ninety-eight patients with VD were treated with CCRT in four 45-minute sessions per week over a course of 40 sessions to exercise four cognitive functions, including flexibility, working memory, plan execution and social cognition. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOL-74) were used to assess before and after treatment. Results: (1) The scores of orientation (5.60 ± 1.35), calculation (2.20 ± 0.79), verbal ability (7.10 ± 0.36), spatial ability (0.78 ± 0.42), immediate memory (2.42 ± 0.53), short-term memory (1.17 ± 0.78) and MMSE (23.36 ± 2.98) were all improved after treatment (P < 0.05) compared with those before treatment; (2) The scores of SDSS, PSP and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) after treatment were 8.23 ± 0.94, 81.36 ± 14.23, and 32.7 ± 12.1, and all of which improved (P < 0.05); (3) The scores of physical health were 68.24 ± 7.44, mental health were 69.75 ± 7.15, social function were 69.08 ± 7.43, material life were 37.46 ± 4.85 and the total score were 230.79 ± 9.56, all of which improved (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with VD, CCRT can improve their cognitive function, social function, daily life ability and quality of life.

Non-invasive brain stimulation for treating psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), especially repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), is a promising therapeutic tool for managing the psychiatric symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). This meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of NIBS on psychiatric symptoms in patients with PD. METHODS: Several electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant literature from inception to October 18, 2021. The therapeutic effects of NIBS were evaluated using a random-effects meta-analysis based on the standard mean difference (SMD) and multivariable-adjusted effect estimates and subgroup analyses. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were used to explore the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: Finally, 57 and 15 studies with 4,010 participants were obtained from the meta-analysis and systematic review, respectively. Significant differences were found between NIBS and sham-stimulation/placebo participants for depression (SMD = -0.75, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -0.99 to -0.50, I2 = 79 %), and rTMS combined with antidepressant therapy and antidepressant alone for depression (SMD = -0.98, 95 % CI: -1.37 to -0.59, I2 = 87 %) and anxiety (SMD = -1.46, 95 % CI: -2.44 to -0.48, I2 = 95 %). Meanwhile, lower risks were observed for post-treatment compared with pre-treatment for depression (relative risk [RR] = 0.66, 95 % CI: 0.57-0.76, I2 = 96 %) and anxiety (RR = 0.66, 95 % CI: 0.60-0.73, I2 = 67 %). CONCLUSIONS: NIBS can be considered an effective non-pharmacological option for treating PD depression; moreover, rTMS combined with antidepressants was demonstrated to be a useful tool against depression and anxiety in PD.

Analysis of Bactericidal Effect of Three Medical Ozonation Dosage Forms on Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria from Burn Patients.

Objective: To examine the bactericidal effects of three different states of medical ozone (liquid, gas, and oil) against drug-resistant strains of common bacteria on burn wounds, which could as a clinical reference. Methods: Three multidrug-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, pan-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and ESBLs Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified from burn wounds. The colonies of the three varieties of bacteria were each carried out using the pour plate method prior to the start of the experiment. Then, depending on the state of ozone, different treatment procedures are applied. Group of ozone gas: in a closed glass jar, the bacterial liquid was injected into a single layer of sterile gauze, and the ozone gas concentration was held at 50 g/mL. The bacterial liquid was diluted and combined directly with ozone water in the ozone water group. Ozone is a type of oil: after the emulsifier was added to the oil group. The gas, water, and oil groups were rapidly neutralized and counted again after 5, 10, and 30 minutes. Results: Ozone gas and oil groups totally eliminated multidrug resistant bacteria in the above study within 30 minutes. (2) At 5 and 10 minutes, the difference in bactericidal effect between ozone gas group and ozone water and oil group was statistically significant (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between ozone water and oil groups (P>0.05); at the time of 30 minutes, the effects of bactericidal effect between ozone water group and ozone gas and oil had no significance (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Ozone has the ability to kill bacteria, depending on the treatment time, different ozone types should be chosen for sterilization and disinfection in clinical application.

Study on clinical characteristics and related factors of schizophrenic patients with intestinal obstruction.

BACKGROUND: There are still few studies on the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of schizophrenia patients with intestinal obstruction. Our aim is to explore the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of schizophrenia patients with intestinal obstruction. METHODS: This study focused on schizophrenia patients with intestinal obstruction who were hospitalized in the psychiatric department of a hospital in Wuhan from January 2007 to December 2020 as the main research object. We intend to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of schizophrenia patients with intestinal obstruction. RESULTS: In the 1937 persons with schizophrenia included in this study, 97 patients were complicated with intestinal obstruction, and the incidence was 5.01%.The results of the study showed that patients with age ≥ 60 years old, visiting time ≥ 24 h, hospital stay ≥ 90 days, history of abdominal surgery, course of disease ≥ 5 years, male, and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are prone to intestinal obstruction; Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the related risk factors of schizophrenia patients with intestinal obstruction mainly included the patient's age, visiting time, length of hospital stay, history of abdominal surgery, course of disease and gender. CONCLUSION: The older the age, the longer the hospital stay, the longer the course of the disease, the history of previous surgery, and the male schizophrenia who do not see a doctor within 24 h of the onset, the risk of intestinal obstruction is higher, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed and even life-threatening.

Clinical Study of Paliperidone Palmitate Long-Acting Injection Combined With Electroacupuncture in the Treatment of Methamphetamine Addicts.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection combined with electroacupuncture in the treatment of methamphetamine addicts. Methods: This study focused on methamphetamine addicts who were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 as the main research object, with a total of 89 cases. The patients were divided into a control group of 45 cases and a study group of 44 cases according to the treatment method. The control group was treated with electroacupuncture, and the study group was treated with paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection on the basis of electroacupuncture in the control group. After 6 months of continuous treatment, the treatment effect of methamphetamine withdrawal symptom score before and after treatment was used; Hamilton Anxiety Scale score and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to compare the anxiety and depression situation of the two groups; the brain wave α and θ wave situation of the two groups were compared. Result: The results showed that there was no significant difference in the scores of Ma withdrawal symptoms, Hamilton Anxiety and Hamilton Depression between the two groups before treatment (p < 0.05); after 3 and 6 months of treatment, the scores of Ma withdrawal symptoms, Hamilton Anxiety and Hamilton Depression in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05); 6 months after the completion of the treatment, the α wave amplitude and Fourier transformed α brain wave (FFTα) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Paliperidone palmitate long-acting injection combined with electroacupuncture is better than electroacupuncture alone in the treatment of methamphetamine addicts, and can significantly improve anxiety, depression and brain waves, thereby preventing addicts from relapse.