ABSTRACT
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for the main esophageal cancer type, which is related to advanced stage and poor survivals. Therefore, novel diagnostic biomarkers are critically needed. In the current research, we aimed to screen novel diagnostic biomarkers based on machine learning. The expression profiles were obtained from GEO datasets (GSE20347, GSE38129, and GSE75241) and TCGA datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 47 ESCC and 47 nontumor samples. The LASSO regression model and SVM-RFE analysis were carried out for the identification of potential markers. ROC analysis was carried out to assess discriminatory abilities. The expressions and diagnostic values of the candidates in ESCC were demonstrated in the GSE75241 datasets and TCGA datasets. We also explore the correlations between the critical genes and cancer immune infiltrates using CIBERSORT. In this study, we identified 27 DEGs in ESCC: 5 genes were significantly elevated, and 22 genes were significantly decreased. Based on the results of the SVM-RFE and LASSO regression model, we identified five potential diagnostic biomarkers for ESCC, including GPX3, COL11A1, EREG, MMP1, and MMP12. However, the diagnostic values of only GPX3, MMP1, and MMP12 were confirmed in GSE75241 datasets. Moreover, in TCGA datasets, we further confirmed that GPX3 expression was distinctly decreased in ESCC specimens, while the expression of MMP1 and MMP12 was noticeably increased in ESCC specimens. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that the expression of GPX3, MMP1, and MMP12 was associated with several immune, such as T cells CD8, macrophages M2, macrophages M0, and dendritic cells activated. Overall, our findings suggested GPX3, MMP1, and MMP12 as novel diagnostic marker and correlated with immune infiltrates in ESCC patients.
ABSTRACT
To explore the clinical medication rules in the patients with limb fractures, and provide guidance for clinical practice. Data of 48 398 patients with limb fractures from 2001 to 2011 was extracted from the hospital information system(HIS) established by the institute of basic research in clinical medicine, China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The gender and age distribution of patients and clinical medication characteristics were described. Apriori algorithm was adopted to analyze the common drug combinations of Chinese medicine(CM) and western medicine(WM). The study results showed that the ratio of included males and females was 1.83â¶1. There was a high peak of incidence for the patients from 18 to 44 years. Apriori algorithm showed that the usage of WM was more frequent than that of CM. The most commonly used CM was Lugua polypeptide and sodium aescinate injection. Blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicines, as well as tendons and bones-strengthening medicines were the commonly used CM types. In addition, WM antibiotics plus blood-activating and stasis-resolving CM, or antibiotics plus tendons and bones-strengthening CM was the most commonly used drug combination. Based on the analysis of available data, the prevalence of limb fracture was higher in men than in women; more in young and middle-aged patients; the common drug combination was antibiotics plus blood-activating and stasis-resolving CM, or antibiotics plus tendons and bones-strengthening CM. More prospective and high-quality clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the effect of CM or integrative medicine treatment for limb fracture in the future research.
