LncRNA PVT1 knockdown affects proliferation and apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells by inhibiting EZH2.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation gene 1 (PVT1) in uveal melanoma (UM) tissues, and to investigate its influence on the proliferation and apoptosis of UM cells as well as its mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 40 cases of UM tissues and 40 cases of adjacent tissues surgically resected in our hospital from October 2015 to April 2018 were collected. The expression level of lncRNA PVT1 in these tissues was determined by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Stable knockdown of lncRNA PVT1 was constructed in human UM cell line OCM-1 using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The impact of lncRNA PVT1 on UM cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was applied to measure the apoptotic level of UM cells in the blank control group and lncRNA PVT1 knockdown group. Meanwhile, the expression level of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The expression level of lncRNA PVT1 in UM tissues was remarkably higher than that in the adjacent tissues (p<0.05). UM cell proliferation was notably repressed after lncRNA PVT1 knockdown by siRNA. Flow cytometry results indicated that the number of apoptotic UM cells in lncRNA PVT1 knockdown group significantly increased compared with that in the blank control group (p<0.05). The protein expression of EZH2 was suppressed after lncRNA PVT1 knockdown (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA PVT1 knockdown in UM cells can repress the proliferation of UM cells and promote their apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression.

[Clinical analysis of patients with orbital nonspecific inflammatory response diseases whose CT or MR images show enlargement of the infraorbital nerves].

Objective: To discuss the clinical features, imaging features, pathological patterns, treatment principles and prognosis of the orbital nonspecific inflammatory response diseases patients whose CT or MR images show enlargement of the infraorbital nerves. Methods: A retrospective case series study. Seven orbital disease patients who were treated at Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital between March 2013 and May 2017 were included. All patients, imaging pictures showed enlargement of the infraorbital nerve. The medical histories, clinical featuers, imaging features, pathologies, serological examinations, therapeutic processes and prognosis were collected and analyzed. Results: The 7 patients included 4 males and 3 females aged from 55 to 68 years (the average age was 60). Bilateral involvement was present in 5 of 7 patients. The main clinical manifestations include proptosis, increasing of orbital pressure, impairment of visual functions, reduction in ocular motility, facial sensation, periocular ache, involvement of lymph node and salivary gland, etc. CT results showed enlargement of infraorbital nerve, accompanied with or without the destruction of bone. The inflammatory response may involve with extraocular muscles and lacrimal glands, or were shown as lesions with irregular shape and blurred borders. The MR images generally showed equal T(1) and equal T(2) signal, accompanied with evident enlargement of the infraorbital nerve. Of all the 7 patients, 6 underwent operation, and the pathology confirmed that 2 of the 6 were involved with inflammatory pseudotumors and the rest 4 were involved with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD). The level of IgG4 in the serum were detected for 4 patients, the results of 3 were high and the other was normal. Of all the 7 patients,1 patient underwent conservative treatment, but disease recurred for several times, and the serum IgG4 level for the patient was higher than normal;1 inflammatory pseudotumor patient was cured completely only by surgery, and has a favourable prognosis; 1 IgG4-ROD patient accepted glucocorticoid, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but disease recurred several times; The rest of the patients accepted glucocorticoid and operation, 2 were sensitive to glucocorticoid, 2 were not sensitive, and 1 involved with recurrence. Conclusions: If orbital nonspecific inflammation response was accompanied with enlargement of infraorbital nerve, it is suggested that patient is more likely to be involved with IgG4-ROD;Pathology and serological tests can be used for the diagnosis of IgG4-ROD, however treatment effect appears to be poor for most patients, and patients prone to relapse. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 515-519).

[Clinical analysis of orbital and periorbital abscess in 17 patients].

Objective: To discuss the etiology, clinical features and treatment principles of the orbital and periorbital abscess. Methods: A retrospective case series of 17 cases with orbital and periorbital abscess between July 2010 and November 2015 were conducted. All patients(,) clinical data including medical history, etiology, abscess location, paranasal sinus involvement, eye involvement, microbiological test results, imaging features, treatment and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. Results: In all 17 patients, there were 10 males and 7 females with age from 3.0 to 71.0 years (the average age was 33.9 years).Eight patients(,) bacterial cultures of the pus and secretion were positive in all 17 patients. Orbital and periorbital abscess patients could manifest decreased vision, redness and swelling of eyelid, conjunctival congestion and edema, ocular motility disorders, displacement of eyeball, increased orbital pressure, abscess rupture etc. CT showed us the soft tissue mass, accompanied with sinusitis or paranasal sinus mass. MR performed with the long T(1) and T(2) signals. The signals of the abscess cavity were not uniform. For the etiology,11 cases were secondary to sinusitis, including 1 case of diabetes; 2 cases with orbital fractures.One case was secondary to orbital fracture repairment surgery. One case was secondary to the remnant of sequestrum and foreign bodys in the wound after repairment surgery. One case was injured by the hard object. One case was secondary to paranasal sinuses large B-cell lymphoma. One case had diabetic history and the blood sugar was controlled unstablly. For the treatment, 7 cases were treated by the drainage surgery which was performed via the sinus with endoscopic and abscess resection performed via the skin.Two cases were treatment by the abscess resection only.One case was treated by the drainage surgery performed via the sinus with endoscopic only. Six cases were treated by the drainage surgery performed via the skin. One case was only administered intravenous antibiotic. Sixteen cases acquired well prognosis without serious complications except 1 case which occurred central retinal artery and vein occlusion. Conclusions: The orbital and periorbital abscess is mainly a complication of paranasal sinus infection, or secondary to trauma, surgery, tumor, etc; Orbital and periorbital abscess always manifest inflammatory neoplastic clinical features, the key of the diagnosis is to make sure the etiology; Incision and drainage of the abscess is the main treatment method when necessary. We can do the surgery with other departments to avoid the occurrence of serious complications.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 588-593).