[Comparative analysis of four kinds of vitamin B of milk of lactating mothers and maternal and infant nutritional status in Chinese urban and rural areas].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the nutritional level of lactating mothers and infant by detecting the content of the vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinic of milk of urban and rural areas and to provide the basis for improving vitamin nutritional status of lactating women and their babies. METHODS: Totally 92 pairs of breastfeeding healthy mothers and their children in Shandong Province were selected. 34 pairs were in a urban area and 58 pairs were in a rural area. Collect the milk of selected lactating mothers and the urine of the lactating mothers and their children. Detect the content of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinic of milk of lactating mothers and the content of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, nicotinic of urine of lactating mothers and their children. RESULTS: The content of vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and niacin of milk of urban lactating mothers were significantly higher than that of rural lactating mothers. The results of detection showed the vitamin B2 of milk of urban lactating mothers was 149.77 microg/100 g, which was significantly higher than that of rural women in 85.09 microg/100 g (P < 0.05). Vitamin B6 and niacin contents were 15.29 microg/100 g, 40.83 microg/100 g, which were also higher than that in rural lactating milk (6.69 microg/100 g and 24.48 microg/100 g) (All values P < 0.05). However, vitamin B1 of milk of urban and rural lactating mothers were 5.54 microg/100 g and 4.80 microg/100 g respectively, which had no significant difference. Urine analysis showed vitamin B2 and niacin of urban mothers and children were significantly higher than that in rural area (P < 0.05). But the level of vitamin B1 of rural children was higher than that of urban children (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the vitamin B1 between urban and rural mothers. The insufficient percentages of vitamin B1, vitamin B2. niacin in urban mothers was 23.5%, 32.3% and 17.6%, and that in rural mothers were 29.3%, 82.8% and 53.4%. The deficiency percentage of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin in urban children were 2.9%, 2.9% and 11.8%, and that in rural children were 5.1%, 51.8% and 25.8%. CONCLUSION: The insufficient percentage of vitamin B1 in urban and rural mothers was high and the content of vitamin B1 of milk was low. While the insufficient percentage of vitamin B2, niacin of rural lactating mothers and children were higher than that of urban mothers and children.

[Investigation of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin levels among children aged 0-3 years old in Chinese urban and rural areas].

OBJECTIVE: To study the nutritional status and differences in vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin of the urban/rural infants in Shandong Province, and to provide scientific basis for infants nutrition interventions. METHODS: 106 urban infants and 290 rural infants were selected from a city in Shandong Province. Forty milliliter urinary was collected from each one, which was adjusted to pH 4-5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid immediately. The concentration of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin in the urine was detected by fluorescence method. RESULTS: The insufficient percentages of vitamin B, vitamin B2 and niacin in urban infants were 1.9%, 8.0% and 9.1%, and that in rural infants were 4.5%, 56.7% and 27.1%. The median concentrations of vitamin B1 in urban and rural infants were 495.00 and 420.56 microg/g respectively, in which the 12-month and 24-month groups in urban were higher than that in rural (P<0.05). The medians of vitamin B2 content in urban and rural infants were 303.07 and 70.88 microg/g, and the content of vitamin B2 in urban infants was higher than that in rural infants in each group (P<0.05). The median concentrations of niacin content in urban and rural infants were 6.31 and 4.22 microg/g, and the niacin content of 6month-, 12 month-, 18 month- and 24 month- groups in urban infants were higher than that in rural infants (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in vitamin B1, B2 and niacin content of infants between urban and rural areas, and the nutriture of urban infants was better than the rural infants. More improvement measures should be given to infants in rural areas for the high proportion of vitamin B, and niacin deficiency.

[Status of vitamin A, vitamin B2, iron and an-oxidantive activity in anemic pregnant women in China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of vitamin A(VA), vitamin B2 (VB2), iron and anoxidative function in anemic and non-anemic pregnant women. METHODS: 426 anemic and 36 non-anemic pregnant women were included in the study. The survey of 24-hour's diet recall of pregnant women was made to evaluate intake of iron, VB2, folic acid, etc by the nutrition software provided by Beijing 301 hospital, iron and VA were measured by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and by high-pressure liquid chromatography. VB2 status was detected using the assay for erythrocyte glutathione reductase (Egr; EC 1.6.4.2) activity. SOD and GSH-Px activities and MDA were determined using commercial kits. Peripheral blood erythrocyte membrane fluidity was detected by using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene as a probe, the degree of fluorescence polarization (P) at 25 degrees C of disrupted cells plasma membranes were compared for a variety of systems. RESULTS: Median intakes of protein and vitamin C met the current Chinese RNIs for pregnancy, whereas intakes of(VA) and VB2 were well below the recommendations. Intake of iron were above 90%, but the main sources of iron are vegetables. Plasma VA (1.25 micromol/L) and iron (20.57 microg/L) were lower, BGRAC (1.79) was higher than that in non-anemia group (VA 1.57 micromol/L, SF 33.16 microg/L, BGRAC 1.52). The level of plasma SOD (77.1U/ml) and the activity of GSH-Px (61.9U) were lower than those in non-anemia group (92.2U/ml, 71.6U, P < 0.05), while MDA (4.58 nmol/ml) level and erythrocyte membrane (P = 0.2622, eta = 2.7465) fluidity were higher than those non-anemia group(MDA = 3.78 nmol/ ml, P = 0.2360, eta = 2.3658). CONCLUSION: Plasam VA, VB2 and iron, antioxidantcapacity and erythrocyte membrane fluidity were decreased in the anemic pregnant women.