Effects of Risperidone and Aripiprazole on Serum Levels of Prolactin, Testosterone and Estradiol in Female Patients with Schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of treatment with risperidone and aripiprazole on serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels in female patients with schizophrenia in China. METHODS: In the retrospective study, Data were collected and included prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels of 30 female patients with risperidone monotherapy. In the prospective study, Another 30 female schizophrenic patients were randomized to receive risperidone or adjunctive aripiprazole for six weeks. Serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels were measured. RESULTS: Serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels in both studies were significantly decreased after risperidone treatment compared with baseline (P<0.05), and prolactin levels remained at a high level. Serum prolactin levels in the adjunctive aripiprazole group were significantly decreased after treatment compared with baseline in the prospective study (P<0.05). Doses of 5 mg and 10 mg of adjunctive aripiprazole achieved the same efficacy at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Risperidone treatment decreased serum testosterone and estradiol levels. Adjunctive aripiprazole relieved hyperprolactinemia, but had no effect on testosterone or estradiol levels. Adjunctive aripiprazole at a dose of 5 mg is recommended for clinical use.

[Association between -590C/T polymorphisms of interleukin-4 gene and chronic periodontitis: a meta-analysis].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between -590C/T polymorphisms of interleukin-4 gene and chronic periodontitis using meta-analysis. METHODS: The selected studies were pooled from eight major electronic databases for case-control study. To gain a more precise estimation of the relationship, a stratified meta-analysis with two subgroups was performed according to the races. Heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also explored. RESULTS: Totally 8 studies were recruited. Total sample sizes for chronic periodontitis and control groups were 628 and 717, respectively. Meta-analysis showed that both -590C/T polymorphisms and allele frequency were not significantly associated with chronic periodontitis. In subgroup analysis, a significant association of increased chronic periodontitis risk and T allele was found. The results also indicated a significant correlation between -590C/T polymorphisms of IL-4 and Caucasian who suffered from chronic periodontitis(C vs.T: OR=0.71,95% CI=0.56-0.89;CC vs.CT:OR=0.60,95% CI=0.38-0.94;recessive genetic model CC vs.CT+TT:OR=0.61,95% CI=0.42-0.88), further analysis of the results showed the CC genotype was about 39% less likely to have chronic periodontitis than the CT and TT genotype in Caucasian individuals.However, these significant associations was not found in Asian group. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis suggests there may be an important effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of IL-4 gene on the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis in Caucasian. This warrants further investigation in larger studies and multi-race epidemiological to evaluate the results.

[Meta analysis on effect of local application of chlorhexidine with scaling and root planing].

PURPOSE: Meta analysis was used to assess the effect of local drug delivery system of chlorhexidine (CHX) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing(SRP) versus SRP alone in patients with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: The selected studies of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were pooled from six major electronic database up to May,2009 as CHX plus SRP versus SRP with at least 3 months of follow-up. Several English full texts were hand searched. Outcome measures were probing depth(PD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL)gain. RESULTS: Seven studies that met inclusion criteria were entered into the Meta analysis. A significant mean reduction of PD in patients with CHX plus SRP was observed, but there were no significant difference in CAL between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Chlorhexidine as an adjunct to SRP could reduce probing depth in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Supported by Research Project of Education Bureau of Liaoning Province(Grant No.20061021).