Edaphobacter dinghuensis sp. nov., an acidobacterium isolated from lower subtropical forest soil.

An aerobic bacterium, designated DHF9T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from the lower subtropical forest of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, short rods that multiplied by binary division. Strain DHF9T was an obligately acidophilic, mesophilic bacterium capable of growth at pH 3.5-5.5 (optimum pH 4.0) and at 10-33 °C (optimum 28-33 °C). Growth was inhibited at NaCl concentrations above 2.0 % (w/v). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids consist of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids, two unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified polar lipids and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 57.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Edaphobacter in subdivision 1 of the phylum Acidobacteria, with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.0 % to Edaphobacter modestus Jbg-1T. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, it is proposed that strain DHF9T represents a novel species of the genus Edaphobacter, named Edaphobacter dinghuensis sp. nov. The type strain is DHF9T ( = DSM 29920T = CGMCC 1.12997T).

Acidipila dinghuensis sp. nov., an acidobacterium isolated from forest soil.

An aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, non-motile, capsule-forming bacterium designated DHOF10T was isolated from a soil sample collected from the forest of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. Strain DHOF10T was able to grow at pH 3.5-8.0 (optimum pH 4.0-4.5) and at 10-37 °C (optimum 28-37 °C). NaCl tolerance was up to 1.0 % (w/v). Major fatty acids consisted of iso-C15 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C16 : 1ω7c. The quinone was MK-8 and the DNA G+C content was 56.3 mol%. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminophospholipids and two unidentified polar lipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolate was a member of genus Acidipila of the phylum Acidobacteria, with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.3 % to Acidipila rosea AP8T. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic, physiological and chemotaxonomic distinctiveness, strain DHOF10T represents a novel species of the genus Acidipila, for which the name Acidipila dinghuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DHOF10T ( = CGMCC 1.13007T = KCTC 42631T).

Combining a popularity-productivity stochastic block model with a discriminative-content model for general structure detection.

Latent community discovery that combines links and contents of a text-associated network has drawn more attention with the advance of social media. Most of the previous studies aim at detecting densely connected communities and are not able to identify general structures, e.g., bipartite structure. Several variants based on the stochastic block model are more flexible for exploring general structures by introducing link probabilities between communities. However, these variants cannot identify the degree distributions of real networks due to a lack of modeling of the differences among nodes, and they are not suitable for discovering communities in text-associated networks because they ignore the contents of nodes. In this paper, we propose a popularity-productivity stochastic block (PPSB) model by introducing two random variables, popularity and productivity, to model the differences among nodes in receiving links and producing links, respectively. This model has the flexibility of existing stochastic block models in discovering general community structures and inherits the richness of previous models that also exploit popularity and productivity in modeling the real scale-free networks with power law degree distributions. To incorporate the contents in text-associated networks, we propose a combined model which combines the PPSB model with a discriminative model that models the community memberships of nodes by their contents. We then develop expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms to infer the parameters in the two models. Experiments on synthetic and real networks have demonstrated that the proposed models can yield better performances than previous models, especially on networks with general structures.

[Clinical study on acupuncture for treatment of chronic functional constipation].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect of acupuncture for treatment of chronic functional constipation (CFC). METHODS: Ninety cases were treated with acupuncture. The following two groups of acupoints were used alternatively once every other day. The acupoints in the first group were Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Shangjuxu (ST 37) etc., and Zhongliao (BL 33), Xialiao (BL 34), Dachangshu (BL 25) etc. in the second group, electroacupuncture was used at Zhongliao (BL 33), Xialiao (BL 34), Tianshu (ST 25) and Shangjuxu (ST 37), once a day, 10 times constituting one course. The defecation frequency, difficulty degree of defecation, defecation time, endless sensation of defecation, stool quality and awareness of defecation were observed and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) was evaluated by constipation patients' diaries. RESULTS: The scores of defecation frequency, difficulty degree of defecation, defecation time, endless sensation of defecation, stool quality, awareness of defecation and PAC-QOL were obviously improved after treatment (all P < 0.01). The total effective rate was 67.7% (61/90). The effect of acupuncture for chronic functional constipation in different dynamic mechanism was different. The effect of slow transit constipation (STC) was better than that of spastic pelvic floor syndrome (SPFS) (P < 0.05), and the effect of constipation caused by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) was better than that of SPFS and relaxant pelvic floor syndrome (RPFS) (both P < 0.05). Fifty-two cases were effectively followed up. Three cases were cured, 6 cases were remarkably effective, 23 cases were effective and 20 cases were ineffective after 1 month of treatment. Three cases were cured, 5 cases were remarkably effective, 16 cases were effective and 28 cases were ineffective after 3 months. CONCLUSION: The effect of acupuncture for CFC with exact etiology, disease location and classification diagnosis is definite, but different dynamic mechanism has different effect. The treatment programs for SPFS and RPFS need to be optimized to improve the therapeutic effect.