Epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021 / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of overseas imported arthropod-borne infectious diseases.@*Methods@#The data pertaining to imported dengue fever and malaria cases in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the temporal distribution, regional distribution, population distribution, sources, diagnosis and treatment of imported dengue fever and malaria cases were descriptively analyzed.@*Results@#Totally 4 332 overseas imported dengue fever cases and 2 011 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Yunnan Province form 2015 to 2021, which accounted for 30.09% of all reported dengue fever cases and 98.53% of all reported malaria cases. The number of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases peaked from August to November (83.13% of all imported dengue fever cases) and from April to July (59.08% of all imported malaria cases), and the cases were predominantly reported in Dehong Prefecture (50.99% and 58.88%), with farmers as the predominant occupation (40.21% and 67.93%). The dengue fever and malaria cases were mainly imported from Southeast Asia (99.04% and 88.21%), and the proportions of definitive diagnosis of dengue fever and malaria were 88.33% and 97.80% at township hospitals, respectively.@*Conclusions@#The number of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases peaked from August to November and from April to July in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021, and the cases were predominantly reported in Dehong Prefecture and imported from Southeast Asia, with farmers as the predominant occupation.

pH-Sensitive ε-polylysine/polyaspartic acid/zein nanofiber membranes for the targeted release of polyphenols.

In this work, zein nanofiber membranes loaded with ε-polylysine-polyphenol-polyaspartic acid were prepared using electrospinning for the controlled delivery of polyphenols. The loading efficiency (LE) and loading capacity (LC) of polyphenols in ε-polylysine/polyaspartic acid hydrogels were determined. Characterization of the films was carried out using water contact angle (WCA) measurement, thermal analysis (DSC/TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study showed that the embedding rates of all samples reached more than 80%. The structural characterization results showed that the nanofiber membranes loaded with hydrophobic polyphenols were more stable and no new compounds formed during electrostatic spinning. The in vitro release study of phlorotannin, kaempferol and tannic acid indicated that about 62.35%, 63.51% and 73.65% of polyphenol release occurred at pH 6.8 for 8 h. The result of cytotoxicity assay in human colon cancer cells (HT-29) showed good biocompatibility of the zein nanofiber membranes. The investigation suggested that polyphenols can be successfully entrapped in the ε-polylysine-polyaspartic acid-zein nanofiber membranes for targeted delivery.

Prime-pull immunization of mice with a BcfA-adjuvanted vaccine elicits mucosal immunity and prevents SARS CoV-2 infection and pathology

Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 that induce mucosal immunity capable of preventing infection and disease remain urgently needed. We show that intramuscular priming of mice with an alum and BcfA-adjuvanted Spike subunit vaccine, followed by a BcfA-adjuvanted mucosal booster, generated Th17 polarized tissue resident CD4+ T cells, and mucosal and serum antibodies. The serum antibodies efficiently neutralized SARS-CoV-2 and its Delta variant, suggesting cross-protection against a recent variant of concern (VOC). Immunization with this heterologous vaccine prevented weight loss following challenge with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 and reduced viral replication in the nose and lungs. Histopathology showed a strong leukocyte and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell infiltrate without epithelial damage in mice immunized with BcfA-containing vaccines. In contrast, viral load was not reduced in the upper respiratory tract of IL-17 knockout mice immunized with the same formulation, suggesting that the Th17 polarized T cell responses are critical for protection. We show that vaccines adjuvanted with alum and BcfA, delivered through a heterologous prime-pull regimen, protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection without causing enhanced respiratory disease. SIGNIFICANCEThere remains a need for SARS CoV-2 booster vaccines that generate mucosal immunity and prevent transmission. We show that systemic priming followed by a mucosal booster with a BcfA-adjuvanted subunit vaccine generates neutralizing antibodies and Th17 polarized systemic and tissue-resident immune responses that provide sterilizing immunity against wildtype SARS CoV-2, and a variant of concern. Importantly, in contrast to alum alone, the addition of BcfA prevents respiratory pathology. These results suggest that a BcfA-adjuvanted mucosal booster may elicit mucosal immunity in individuals previously immunized systemically with approved vaccines. This foundational study in mice sets the stage for testing our vaccine regimen in larger animal models as a booster vaccine.

Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) limits lethality of SARS-CoV-2 in mice

Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is a host antiviral protein that alters cell membranes to block fusion of viruses. Published reports have identified conflicting pro- and antiviral effects of IFITM3 on SARS-CoV-2 in cultured cells, and its impact on viral pathogenesis in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that IFITM3 knockout (KO) mice infected with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 experienced extreme weight loss and lethality, while wild type (WT) mice lost minimal weight and recovered. KO mice had higher lung viral titers and increases in lung inflammatory cytokine levels, CD45-positive immune cell infiltration, and histopathology, compared to WT mice. Mechanistically, we observed disseminated viral antigen staining throughout the lung tissue and pulmonary vasculature in KO mice, while staining was observed in confined regions in WT lungs. Global transcriptomic analysis of infected lungs identified upregulation of gene signatures associated with interferons, inflammation, and angiogenesis in KO versus WT animals, highlighting changes in lung gene expression programs that precede severe lung pathology and fatality. Corroborating the protective effect of IFITM3 in vivo, K18-hACE2/IFITM3 KO mice infected with non-adapted SARS-CoV-2 showed enhanced, rapid weight loss and early death compared to control mice. Increased heart infection was observed in both mouse models in the absence of IFITM3, indicating that IFITM3 constrains extrapulmonary dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. Our results establish IFITM3 KO mice as a new animal model for studying severe SARS-CoV-2 infection of the lung and cardiovascular system, and overall demonstrate that IFITM3 is protective in SARS-CoV-2 infections of mice.

Caspase-4/11 exacerbates disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infection by promoting inflammation and thrombosis

SARS-CoV-2 is a worldwide health concern, and new treatment strategies are needed 1. Targeting inflammatory innate immunity pathways holds therapeutic promise, but effective molecular targets remain elusive. Here, we show that human caspase-4 (CASP4), and its mouse homologue, caspase-11 (CASP11), are upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infections, and that CASP4 expression correlates with severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. SARS-CoV-2-infected Casp11-/- mice were protected from severe weight loss and lung pathology, including blood vessel damage, compared to wild-type (WT) and gasdermin-D knock out (Gsdmd-/-) mice. GSDMD is a downstream effector of CASP11 and CASP1. Notably, viral titers were similar in the three genotypes. Global transcriptomics of SARS-CoV-2-infected WT, Casp11-/- and Gsdmd-/- lungs identified restrained expression of inflammatory molecules and altered neutrophil gene signatures in Casp11-/- mice. We confirmed that protein levels of inflammatory mediators IL-1{beta}, IL6, and CXCL1, and neutrophil functions, were reduced in Casp11-/- lungs. Additionally, Casp11-/- lungs accumulated less von Willebrand factor, a marker for endothelial damage, but expressed more Kruppel-Like Factor 2, a transcription factor that maintains vascular integrity. Overall, our results demonstrate that CASP4/11, promotes detrimental SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammation and coagulopathy, largely independently of GSDMD, identifying CASP4/11 as a promising drug target for treatment and prevention of severe COVID-19.

Surgical repair of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection with lower extremity ischemia / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To explore the application of cannulating the ischemic femoral and right axillary artery in Sun’s procedure for acute type A aortic dissection with lower extremity ischemia.Methods:Twelve patients of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection complicated by lower extremity ischemia were analyzed retrospectively between July 2017 and May 2019, and the right axillary and ischemic femoral artery were used for cardiopulmonary bypass. All the 12 patients were male and categorized as the complicated Stanford type A aortic dissection. The mean age was(48.4±8.4)years, and the median time from symptom onset to emergency operation was 24.00(18.50, 43.25)hours. Eleven patients presented with unilateral extremity ischemia, while bilateral extremity ischemia occurred in one. The prosthetic vessel, with a diameter of 8 mm, was anastomosed to the ischemic femoral artery via an end-to-side way. Both the right axillary artery and the prosthetic vessel were cannulated for CPB. For the proximal dissection in this cohort of patients, we performed Bentall procedure in 5 cases, ascending aortic replacement in 3, and the aortic valve commissure reconstruction with ascending aortic replacement in 4. Total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk implantation were carried out for arch and descending aortic lesion in 12 cases.Results:Early mortality was 8.3%(1/12). The time of CPB, aortic clamp, circulatory arrest, and selective cerebral perfusion averaged(204.6±26.3) min, (114.6±16.6) min, (23.4±8.5) min, and(33.5±11.0) min, respectively. Five patients underwent concomitant bypass procedures, including: ascending aorta-bilateral femoral artery bypass in 1, ascending aorta-right femoral artery bypass in 3, ascending aorta-left femoral artery bypass in 1. Acute renal failure with continuous renal replacement therapy occurred in 4 cases, re-thoratomy for hemaostsis in 1, and re-intubation in 1. One patient developed osteofascial compartment syndrome after aortic repair, and consequent left lower extremity compartment fasciotomy was performed. The mean follow-up time was(17.2±7.6)months, and no aortic-related adverse event was detected during follow up.Conclusion:To acute Stanford type A aortic dissection with lower extremity ischemia, cannulating the ischemic femoral and right axillary artery in Sun’s procedure were associated with lower perioperative mortality and better prognosis.

A Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Biosensor Based on Graphene Quantum Dots and Protoporphyrin IX for the Detection of Melamine.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which have high photostability, anti-photobleaching and scintillation, good biocompatibility and low toxicity, are important member of the fluorescent material family, and have attracted extensive research interest. In this paper, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor based on protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and GQDs was developed for melamine detection. PpIX was bound to the surface of GQDs to produce self-assembled nanosensors, and a FRET process occurred between GQDs and PpIX. However, due to the combination of melamine and PpIX, the FRET process was shut down in the presence of melamine. The FRET system could quickly and accurately detect melamine with a detection range of 1.0 × 10-8 to 2.0 × 10-6 mol/L based on the fluorescence intensity ratio of PpIX and GQDs, and the detection limit was 3.6 × 10-9 mol/L. This method obtained satisfactory results when it was employed to the determination of melamine in milk samples.

Surgical treatment for type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To examine the outcomes of surgical treatment in patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum.@*Methods@#From January 2009 to August 2017, patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum who underwent the Sun procedure were enrolled. Patient demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, early morbidity and mortality data were collected from medical and electronic patient records. Clinical follow-up data, including late morbidity and mortality, were obtained by telephone interview with the patient.@*Results@#A total of 13 patients (11 males and 2 females; mean age 47 years) were included. The mean maximum diameter of Kommerell′s diverticulum was (21.8±7.7) mm. The Kommerell′s diverticulum was repaired by direct suture of the orifice in 3 patients, ligation of the aberrant right subclavian artery in 9 patients, and suture and ligation in 1 patient, respectively. No perioperative death occurred. One patient underwent a reexploration for bleeding. There were 2 late deaths: unknown reason in 1 patient and septic shock secondary to renal abscess in 1 patient. Reintervention was performed in one patient for a persistent type Ⅱ endoleak.@*Conclusions@#The Sun procedure with femoral artery cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass, unilateral carotid artery cannulation for selective cerebral perfusion and ligation of aberrant right subclavian artery on the right side of the trachea is an appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum.

Surgical treatment for type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To examine the outcomes of surgical treatment in patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum.@*Methods@#From January 2009 to August 2017, patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum who underwent the Sun procedure were enrolled. Patient demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, early morbidity and mortality data were collected from medical and electronic patient records. Clinical follow-up data, including late morbidity and mortality, were obtained by telephone interview with the patient.@*Results@#A total of 13 patients (11 males and 2 females; mean age 47 years) were included. The mean maximum diameter of Kommerell′s diverticulum was (21.8±7.7) mm. The Kommerell′s diverticulum was repaired by direct suture of the orifice in 3 patients, ligation of the aberrant right subclavian artery in 9 patients, and suture and ligation in 1 patient, respectively. No perioperative death occurred. One patient underwent a reexploration for bleeding. There were 2 late deaths: unknown reason in 1 patient and septic shock secondary to renal abscess in 1 patient. Reintervention was performed in one patient for a persistent type Ⅱ endoleak.@*Conclusions@#The Sun procedure with femoral artery cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass, unilateral carotid artery cannulation for selective cerebral perfusion and ligation of aberrant right subclavian artery on the right side of the trachea is an appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients of type Stanford A aortic dissection with Kommerell′s diverticulum.

The application of moderate hypothermia circulatory arrest and bilateral selective antegrade cerebral perfusion in total arch replacement for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the application of moderate hypothermia circulatory arrest(MHCA)with a higher temperature(29℃) and bilateral selective antegrade cerebral perfusion(bSACP) in acute Stanford type A aortic dissection(TAAD] treated by total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk implantation.Methods:From July 2019 to January 2020, fifteen patients of acute TAAD undergoing emergent operations via MHCA with a core temperature of 29℃ and bSACP were analyzed retrospectively(modified group), and 26 patients treated by MHCA(25℃) and unilateral selective antegrade cerebral perfusion(uSACP) during the same period were defined as the traditional group. All cases were complicated type A dissection. The mean age in this cohort was 49 years, and 32 patients(78%) were male. Thirty six patients(87.8%) suffered from arterial hypertension. The proximal manipulations included: aortic sinus repair in 13 cases(31.7%), ascending aortic replacement in 29(70.7%), Bentall in 12(29.3%). Total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk implantation was performed in all cases.Results:The in-hospital death occurred in 2(4.9%), and cerebral infarction in 3(7.3%), transient neurologic deficit in 5(12.2%), paraplegia in 2(4.9%). The ratios of above-mentioned adverse events in the traditional and modified group were[2(7.7%) vs. 0, P=0.524], [3(11.5%)vs. 0, P=0.287], [4(15.4%) vs. 1(6.7%), P=0.636], [1(3.8%) vs. 1(6.7%), P=1.000] respectively. The major adverse events in the modified group were transient neurologic deficit and paraplegia in 1 each. Compared with the traditional group, the time of operation, CPB, cardiac arrest, circulatory arrest of the lower part, anterograde low flow cerebral perfusion, mechanical ventilation and ICU stay was shorter. The drainage of 48 hours after surgery was less also. The differences in new acute renal failure requiring CRRT and re-sternotomy for bleeding between groups were not statistical significance. Conclusion:The early results of MHCA(29℃) and bSACP applied in total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk implantation for acute TAAD were satisfactory. The time of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay was shorter in the modified group, and the drainage of 48 hours after surgery was less also.

Frozen elephant trunk implantation for pseudoaneurysms of the distal aortic arch and descending aorta / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To review the outcomes of the frozen elephant trunk implantation in patients with pseudoaneurysms of the distal aortic arch and descending aorta.Methods From March 2009 to December 2017,patients with pseudoaneurysms of the distal aortic arch and descending aorta who underwent the frozen elephant trunk implantation were enrolled.Patient demographic,preoperative,intraoperative,early morbidity and mortality data were collected from medical and electronic patient records.Clinical follow-up data,including late morbidity and mortality,were obtained by telephone interview with the patient.Results A total of 14 patients were included,13 males and 1 females,aged(41.0 ± 14.7) years.Early mortality rate was 7.14％ (1/14).The cause of death was rupture of the distal descending thoracic aorta.The early complications included reexploration for bleeding in 1 patient and pericardial window for delayed pericardial effusion in 1 patient.The mean follow-up was(32.3 ± 22.3) months.There was 1 late death from severe pulmonary infection.Conclusion The frozen elephant trunk implantation is an appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients with pseudoaneurysms of the distal aortic arch and descending aorta.

Correlationbetween MRIcharacteristicsandlymphnodemetastasisofthemass-typebreastcancer / 实用放射学杂志

Objective Toexplorethecorrelationbetween MRIcharacteristicsandaxillarylymphnode metastasisofmass-type breastcancer.Methods MRIcharacteristicsandpathologicalresultsofpostoperativeaxillarylymphnode metastasisin187cases withmass-typebreastcancerwereanalyzedretrospectively.Accordingtothenumberoflymphnodemetastases,allofthepatients weredividedintothefourgroups:pN0,pN1,pN2andpN3.Thecorrelationbetween MRIsignsand N pathologicalstagesineach groupwereanalyzed.Results Therewere108casesinpN0group,33casesinpN1group,22casesinpN2groupand24casesinpN3 groupI.nthedifferentgroups,therewere15,5,1and1casewithroundmassrespectively;8,1,1and0casewithlobularmasserespectively;85, 27,20and23caseswithirregularmasserespectively.Theshapeswerenotsignificantlydifferentamongthedifferentgroups(P>0.05)I.nthe differentgroups,therewere7,0,1and0casewithclearmarginrespectively;69,14,7and8caseswithirregularmarginrespectively;32,19,14and16caseswithspiculatedmarginrespectively.Themarginsweresignificantlydifferentamongthedifferentgroups(P<0.05)I.nthe differentgroups,therewere55,16,14and18caseswithheterogenousenhancementrespectively;43,14,5and6caseswithringenhancement respectively;3,1,1and0casewithcentralenhancementrespectively;7,2,2and0casewithseptumenhancement.Theenhancement patternswerenotsignificantlydifferentamongthedifferentgroups (P>0.05).ThenumbersofthemasswithtypeⅠ,ⅡandⅢtime-signalcurvesandtheADCvalueswerenotsignificantlydifferentamongthedifferentgroups(P>0.05).Conclusion MRIfeaturesof mass-typebreastcancershavelimitedvalueindeterminingaxillarylymphnodemetastasis.However,thespiculatedmarginofmassis valuableindeterminingaxillarylymphnodemetastasis.

Sun's procedure for type A aortic dissection involving aortic arch after Bentall / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective Stanford type A aortic dissection(TAAD) involving aortic arch in following prior Bentall procedure in patients with Madfan syndrome(MFS) is uncommon.The purpose of the study was to assess the early and long-term outcomes of this kind of patients underwent total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk (TAR + FET).Methods Between February 2009 and February 2016,141 patients with Marfan syndrome(confirmed by revised Ghent Criteria) underwent TAR + FET for TAAD,of those 11 (7.8 ％) patients (8 acute) following a prior Bentall procedure and without dissection in distal aorta.Mean age at FET was(43.2 ± 8.6) years and 10 were males.Hypertension was seen in 4 (36.4％) and family history was seen in 7 (63.6％).The interval from Bentall procedure to FET averaged (11.3 ± 5.8) years.Two groups were segregated by the maximal diameter of descending aorta more than 40 mm or not.The early and long-term outcomes were analyzed and risk factors identified for late adverse events.Results Operative mortality was 27.3 ％ (3/11).No spinal cord injury occurred.The cause of death was long time of surgery,multiorgan failure,stroke and cerebral hemorrhage and rupture of distal aorta.Follow-up was complete in 100％,averaging(5.3-± 2.0)years(range 2.1-8.1 years).Obliteration of the false lumen was seen in 100％ across the proximal FET and 75.0％ in the unstented descending aorta.Distal aortic dilation occurred in 3 patients which were waiting open thoracoabdominal aortic repair(TAAAR) but no reoperation yet.Of those 8 patients,2 died of non-cardiac reason.The DMax of FET segment has significant grow in DA more than 40ram group than less than 40mm group (P =0.01).Another segment of distal aorta has no significant different.Survival were 81.8％,72.7％ and 63.6％ at 1 month,1 year and 6 years after surgery.Conclusion Using Sun's procedure for Marfan patients for type A aortic dissection involving aortic arch following previous Bentall procedure was safe and technically feasible with good long-term outcomes,but higher early death.The DMax of descending aorta more than 40mm was at higher risk for early death,late distal aortic dilation,and reoperation.

Progress and challenge of Stanford type A aortic dissection in China / 中华外科杂志

In recent 20 years, the rapid development of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection in China has been mainly due to three aspects: (1) the refined classification of aortic dissection based on Stanford classification, (2) right axillary artery canal and selective cerebral perfusion technology become basic cardiopulmonary bypass strategy for Stanford type A aortic dissection, and (3) total aortic arch replacement and descending aortic stent graft surgery (Sun′s surgery) become the standard treatment of Stanford type A aortic dissection. However, there are still many problems in the diagnosis and treatment of aortic dissection in China, such as: (1) unstandardized, lack of comprehensive guidelines of aortic dissection, (2) immature, perioperative organ protection and intraoperative blood protection technology remains a big flaw, and (3) it takes a long time to get patient prepared for surgery. In conclusion, as to the issue of the management of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection, there will be a long way for Chinese doctors to go. Peers should pay more attention to this problem and take more efforts, so that the outcome of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection surgical patients can be improved.

Distal aorta changes and prognosis after Sun's procedure with Marfan syndrome patients / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective The purpose of the study was to assess the distal aorta changes and prognosis after total arch replacement combined with stented elephant trunk implantation(Sun's procedure) for Marfan patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection involving the aortic arch.Methods Between February 2009 and February 2014,47 Marfan patients (38 males,9 females) with Stanford type A aortic dissection involving the aortic arch underwent Sun's procedure.Mean ages(32.43 ± 7.96) years(ranged from 19 to 50 years).According to whether the growth rate of the distal aortic diameter is more than 5 mm/year or not after the first year,the data it was divided into the improve group(29 cases) and the progressive group(18 cases).The residual false lumen thrombosis and the diameter of the distal aorta were evaluated by CT date.Results All patients were survived and discharged after Sun's procedure.The mean follow-up period was 1 years.The survival rate was 97.9％ (46/47) and 1 patients died.The total recover of the distal aorta was achieved in12 patients(25.5％) after procedure.The reoperation of total thoracoabdominal aortic replacement rate of the distal aorta was 8.5％ (4/47) and the reoperation interval was(9.88 ±2.84) month(6-12 month).Complete thrombus formation around the stented elephant trunk was observed in 85.1％ (40 of 47).The annual rate of growth of the distal aorta were:the descending aorta segment of stented elephant trunk (0.00 s3.41) mm,the diaphragm level(1.14 ±2.20)mm,the renal artery level(0.97 ±2.15)mm.Complete thrombus formation around the stented elephant trunk of theprogressive group was lower thanthe improvegroup(72.2％ vs 93.1％,P =0.089).The reoperation rate of total thoracoabdominal aortic replacement surgery of the progressive group was higher than the improve group(22.2％ vs 0,P =0.017).The incidence of aortic rupture risk of the progressive group was higher than the improve group (5.6％ vs 0,P =0.383).The diameter of the distal aorta after Sun's procedure of the progressive group was higher than the improve group after 1 year:the descending aorta segment of stented elephant trunk end(40.17 ±7.09) mm vs (27.86 ±6.77)mm(P ＜0.001),the diaphragm level(42.17 ±9.91)mm vs(27.48 ±7.14) mm(P ＜0.001),the renal artery level (38.22 ± 6.90) mm vs(24.00 ± 6.18) mm (P ＜ 0.001),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Using Sun's procedure for Marfan patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection involving the aortic arch would promote false lumen thrombosis of stented elephant trunk and aortic remodeling and delay the time interval of the reoperation.The Marfan patients in progressive group which the diameter of the distal aortic growth rate was more than 5mm/year,should be actively carry out rigorous monitoring of the distal aorta and prevention of aortic rupture risk events.

Preliminary research on effect of combination of Ajuga decumbens and Poriacocos on invasion and metastasis of breast cancer / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of Ajuga decumbens(HBG), Poria cocos(FL) and their combination on the metastasis of invasive breast cancer cells and the related mechanisms.Methods We conducted several assays including cell adhesion assay, scratch assay and transwell invasion assay.Western blot analysis was employed to detect the expression of associated proteins of EMT and MAPK signaling pathway.Results FL,HBG and their combination could significantly inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells.HBG and FL had markedly synergistic effect, and the best compatibility ratio was 10 ∶1.HBG, FL and their combination could reverse EMT of breast cancer cells, which increased the levels of epithelial biomarkers, such as β-catenin, E-cadherin and ZO-1, and reduced the levels of mesenchymal biomarkers, such as vimentin.Moreover, treatment of the cells with HBG, FL and their combination resulted in marked inhibition of phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38.Conclusions The combination of HBG and FL have the ability to inhibit breast cancer cell invasion by targeting the expression of MAPK pathway as well as suppressing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Coptisine induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H1650 cells through ROS-dependent mito-chondria pathway / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of coptisine on the growth of NCI-H1650cells and to evaluate its potential value in the treatment of human non-small cell lung cancer. Methods MTT method was used to ana-lyze cell proliferation. Protein expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 and cytochrome C in NCI-H1650 cells were detected by-Western blot.Apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometrywithAnnexin V/PI method.ROS concentration was tested with fluorometry.Results Coptisine could significantly inhibit growth of NCI-H1650 cells in a time-and dose-de-pendent manner.Coptisine induced apoptosis in NCI-H1650 cells by inducing ROS accumulation and the following mitochondria mediated apoptosis which was identified by increased Bax expression,Bcl-2 expression was down-reg-ulated,and cytochrome C moved from mitochondria to cytoplasm.ROS inhibitor(N-acetyl cysteine)treatment dra-matically abrogated coptisine-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis.Conclusions This study suggests that copti-sine can induce ROS irritated-and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in NCI-H1650 cells.Coptisine has a potential value in the treatment of human non-small cell lung cancer.

Sensitive fluorescence assay of organophosphorus pesticides based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between CdTe quantum dots and porphyrin.

A sensitive and selective quantum dot (QD)-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor was successfully fabricated for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). 5,10,15,20-Tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP) with meso-pyridyl substituents was bound to the surface of CdTe QDs to produce self-assembled nanosensors, and the process of FRET between QDs and TPyP occurred. However, the process of FRET was switched off with the addition of OPs, due to the combination between TPyP and OPs. The fluorescence intensity of TPyP (donor) would decrease gradually with the increasing concentration of OPs. Under optimal conditions, a linear correlation was established between the fluorescence intensity ratio ITPyP/IQDs and the concentration of paraoxon in the range of 9.09 × 10(-12)-1.09 × 10(-6) mol L(-1) with a detection limit of 3.15 × 10(-12) mol L(-1). The attractive sensitivity was obtained due to the efficient FRET and the superior fluorescence properties of QDs. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the OPs in real fruit samples with satisfactory results.

Highly-sensitive organophosphorus pesticide biosensors based on CdTe quantum dots and bi-enzyme immobilized eggshell membranes.

An optical biosensing method using CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and bi-enzyme-immobilized eggshell membranes for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has been developed. Increasing amounts of OPs led to a decrease of the enzymatic activity and thus a decrease in the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can quench the fluorescence of the CdTe QDs. Under the optimum conditions, there was a good linear relationship between the enzyme inhibition percentage and the logarithm of paraoxon or parathion concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10(-11)-1.0 × 10(-6) mol L(-1). The detection limit (S/N = 3) of the proposed biosensors were as low as 4.30 × 10(-12) mol L(-1) for paraoxon and 2.47 × 10(-12) mol L(-1) for parathion. The bi-enzyme-immobilized eggshell membrane demonstrated a long shelf-life of at least 2 months and the results showed good repeatability. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the OPs in real fruit samples with satisfactory results.

Evaluation on the ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with pulmonary hypertension using velocity vector imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To determine whether strain and strain rate derived from velocity vector imaging ( VVI) allowed assessment of regional and global right ventricular ( RV) dysfunction and intra‐and inter‐ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with pulmonary hypertension ( PHTN) . Methods Ninety‐nine patients were enrolled , including 35 controls and 64 PHTN patients . All participants underwent echocardiography examinations and off line strain/strain rate analysis . Bi‐ventricular regional peak systolic strain ,strain rate ,and the time‐to‐peak systolic variables were measured at the RV free wall ,inter‐ventricular septum ,and LV lateral wall in apical four chamber views . Standard deviations of the time‐to‐peak systolic strain (SD‐Ts) and strain rate (SD‐Tsr) at six RV and three left ventricular (LV) segments were calculated to define intra‐and inter‐ventricular dyssynchrony . Results Compared with the controls , segmental and global peak systolic strain and strain rate decreased in the PHTN patients . And intra‐right ventricular dyssynchrony was present in the PHTN patients [SD‐Ts:(28 ± 20)ms in controls vs (61 ± 62) ms in patients , P = 0 .003 ] . The difference between the time‐to‐peak systolic strain rate at the basal segment of RV free wall and LV lateral wall indicated earlier RV free wall contraction in PHTN patients , relativetoLVlateralwall,particularlyinthoseseverePHTNpatients[(13±13)msincontrolsvs( -49± 14) ms in patients , P < 0 .01] . Conclusions PHTN impairs RV myocardial contraction and induces to ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony .VVI could monitor RV function during the treatment of PHTN .