The norm of the Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler (P-PAQ) in urban areas of China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To establish the norm of the Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler(P-PAQ) in urban areas of China, so as to provide a basis for graded guidance from the family perspective and to improve children s physical activity levels.@*Methods@#From October 2020 to January 2021, 6 267 children aged 3-6 years old were recruited from 40 kindergartens in eight cities across six major administrative regions by stratified cluster sampling, and the P-PAQ initially developed by the researchers of this study were completed by the primary caregivers. The questionnaire was administered to collect data relating to the amount of physical activity undertaken by the preschoolers, and the norm was determined by quartiles. Data relating to parental concepts of sports and parental behavior were assessed by calculating mean scores in order to establish the norm.@*Results@#Among preschoolers in urban areas, the M(P 25 ，P 75 ) of total physical activity time (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time (min/day), outdoor time (min/day) and screen time (min/day) on school days outside kindergarten and on weekends were 84 (54,120), 22 (8,40), 12 (0,24) and 18 (6,30), and 170 (115,240), 60 (30,95), 90 (35,120) and 30 (20,60), respectively. When the score of parents sports concept and behavior (total score of 40) were≥34, 29-<34, 24-<29, <24, it was defined as four levels about above medium, medium, lower medium and lower, respectively. And for two dimensions，when the score of parental sports concept were ≥19, 17-<19, 15-<17, <15，and the score of parental behaviors were ≥16, 12-<16, 8-<12, <8, it was defined as four levels about upper medium, medium, lower medium and lower, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The norm of extracurricular activities among preschool children in Chinese cities has good representativeness and appropriate threshold values, which could provide a valuable reference for early assessment, as well as guidance in relation to out-of-school physical activity behaviors among children aged 3-6 years old.

Research progress of awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination among males / 中华全科医师杂志

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is very common in sexually active men and women. HPV vaccination is the most effective measure for primary prevention for HPV infection and HPV-related diseases ultimately. HPV infection can cause condylomata acuminata in males, and is also associated with penile cancer, anal cancer and oral cancer; however, most male HPV carriers do not have signs or symptoms, so prevention and treatment of HPV infection in men can effectively reduce the risk of HPV infection in their partners. In most countries the HPV vaccination coverage among females is far lower than targeting expectation, and the effective herd immunity has not been achieved yet. Men can directly benefit from HPV vaccination, which is also beneficial for their partners, therefore HPV vaccination for men is worth considering. In this article we briefly describe HPV vaccination in males and overview their awareness and acceptance of HPV vaccination, so as to provide references for promoting HPV vaccination among men in the future.

Status quo of home care for community-dwelling elderly from the perspective of family doctor teams: a qualitative study / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the perspective of family doctor teams on the status quo of home care for community-dwelling elderly.Methods:The focus group interviews on the status quo of home care for community-dwelling elderly were conducted from August 19 to December 28, 2021. One urban area and 1 suburban area of Beijing was selected by purpose sampling method as target areas. Five community health service centers were selected from each area, and 5 family doctor team members were selected as interviewees in each center. The outline of interviews was as follows: what kinds of home care does the family doctor team provide for the community-dwelling elderly; how does the family doctor team evaluate the existing community-based home care; what suggestions on developing community-based home care for the elderly in the future. The data of the interview were analyzed by the thematic framework.Results:Xicheng district and Miyun district were selected as the study sites in the urban and suburban areas of Beijing, and 41 family doctor team members were interviewed. Three themes and 6 sub-themes were extracted. The study showed that: (1) the family doctor contracted service for the elderly was carried out smoothly in the community; (2) the current situation of home care for the elderly in the community varied, the chronic disease management for the elderly was effective, the health education in the community was popular, the implementation of free annual health check for the elderly in urban areas was more difficult than that in suburban areas, and the family doctor team provided home visits as needed and required; (3) the members of family doctor team usually undertook multiple tasks due to the insufficiency of auxiliary staff, and the incentive mechanism of the home visit was not perfect, which needed to be improved.Conclusion:From the perspective of family doctor teams, the contract service for the elderly is generally carried out smoothly in Beijing communities, but it varies in different types of home care for the elderly, and the work and incentive mechanism of family doctor team need to be improved.

Experiences and perception of caregivers on home care service for community-dwelling elderly: a qualitative study / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To survey the experiences and perception of caregivers on home care service for community-dwelling elderly.Methods:From August to December 2021, individual semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with caregivers of the elderly from five community health centers in Beijing Xicheng and Miyun districts selected by purposive sampling.Results:Nine caregivers,2 males and 7 females aged 49-76 (62.8±9.4) years were interviewed in this study. The nursing care period was 3-48 (17±13) years. Four themes were extracted from the interview data: older people′s own condition was the primary factor influencing the home care needs; medical needs for home care were determined by the caregivers′ factors; community health service was important for meet home medical needs; and supporting of home care services for the elderly need to be strengthened.Conclusion:The experience of elderly home caregivers in using community home medical services is affected by many factors, and in the future, the content of home medical services should be improved, and the skills training of community elderly home caregivers should be strengthened, so as to improve the quality of life at home and promote the health literacy of the elderly.

Incidence of maternal sepsis in ICUs of hospitals in Beijing: a multicenter cohort study / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological data of maternal sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU), analyze the common causes, outcomes of maternal sepsis, and the risk factors of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria.Methods:A retrospective cohort study. Maternal sepsis cases admitted to ICUs of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, and Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2008 to September 2022 were enrolled. The following data were recorded: demographic characteristics, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) during infection, infection time, infection sites, invasive intervention measures before infection, microbial culture results, blood routine test during infection, body temperature, and clinical outcomes caused by infection. According to the time of sepsis occurrence, the patients were divided into pre-ICU sepsis group and ICU sepsis group, and the causes of sepsis in the two groups were analyzed. According to whether MDR occurred, the patients were divided into MDR group and non-MDR group, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of MDR bacteria infection in obstetrics with sepsis.Results:160 patients were enrolled, among which 104 cases of sepsis happened before ICU and 56 cases of sepsis happened during ICU, 53 cases were with MDR bacteria and 107 cases were without MDR bacteria. The median age of the patients was 30.5 (28.0, 34.0) years old, the median temperature was 38.8 (38.2, 39.5) ℃, and the median white blood cell count (WBC) was 17.2 (13.2, 21.3)×10 9/L, the median SOFA score was 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), and 130 cases (81.2%) were referred from other hospitals. The main infection sites were uterine cavity in 64 cases (40.0%), lung in 48 cases (30.0%), abdominal and pelvic cavity in 30 cases (18.8%), urinary system in 27 cases (16.9%). Sepsis led to hysterectomy in 6 cases (3.8%), stillbirth in 8 cases (5.0%), and neonatal death in 2 cases (1.3%). The main surgical intervention measures were cesarean section (44 cases, accounting for 27.5%), followed by exploratory laparotomy (19 cases, 11.9%). The median length of ICU stay was 5.0 (3.0, 10.0) days, and the median hospital length was 14.0 (10.0, 20.8) days. Intrauterine infection was the primary cause of sepsis happened during ICU, accounting for 50.0% (28/56), of which postpartum hemorrhage accounted for 85.7% (24/28). The proportion of diabetes [28.3% (15/53) vs. 14.0% (15/107)], intrauterine operation [41.5% (22/53) vs. 23.4% (25/107)], intrauterine infection [50.9% (27/53) vs. 34.6% (37/107)] and bacteremia [18.9% (10/53) vs. 2.8% (3/107)] in the MDR group were significantly higher than those in the non-MDR group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes [odds ratio ( OR) = 2.348, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.006-5.480, P = 0.048] and intrauterine operation ( OR = 2.541, 95% CI was 1.137-5.678, P = 0.023) were independent risk factors for MDR bacterial infection in obstetrics with sepsis. Conclusions:Intrauterine infection is the common cause of maternal sepsis in ICU, and postpartum hemorrhage is the common cause of secondary intrauterine infection in ICU. MDR bacteria can lead to serious clinical outcomes. Diabetes and intrauterine operation are independent risk factors for MDR bacteria' infection.

Damage Control Surgery for Severe Abdominal Sepsis With Free Skin Graft Transplantation: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Acute abdomen represents a great surgical challenge. Damage control surgery has been a better approach in acute abdominal emergencies to reduce the risk of mortality compared with primary definitive surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old man presented with nonspecific abdominal pain for 2 days. Physical examination and computed tomography scan suggested abdominal viscera perforation and acute diffuse peritonitis. Segmental resections and sigmoidostomy were performed, the abdomen was temporarily closed with a 3-liter infusion bag and maintained for 72 hours. Small intestinal ischemic necrosis was found, partial resection of small intestine was performed later, and abdomen was still closed with the 3-liter infusion bag and maintained for 10 days. One month later, intermediate split thickness self-free skin graft transplantation was performed. Abdomen was closed 6 months later. CONCLUSIONS: Damage control surgery with free skin graft transplantation can be successfully applied in severe abdominal infection in patients with an open abdomen. The study was in compliance with the Helsinki Congress and the Declaration of Istanbul. CORE TIP: Damage control surgery has been a better approach in acute abdominal emergencies to reduce the risk of mortality compared with definitive surgery. Although laparostomy is a useful treatment of abdominal sepsis, successful management with free skin graft transplantation after laparostomy has rarely been reported in stercoral perforation. We report a patient with severe abdominal sepsis treated with damage control surgery with free skin graft transplantation. The patient was discharged with good recovery.

One-step synthesis of site-specific antibody-drug conjugates by reprograming IgG glycoengineering with LacNAc-based substrates

Glycosite-specific antibody‒drug conjugatess (gsADCs), harnessing Asn297 N-glycan of IgG Fc as the conjugation site for drug payloads, usually require multi-step glycoengineering with two or more enzymes, which limits the substrate diversification and complicates the preparation process. Herein, we report a series of novel disaccharide-based substrates, which reprogram the IgG glycoengineering to one-step synthesis of gsADCs, catalyzed by an endo-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) of Endo-S2. IgG glycoengineering via ENGases usually has two steps: deglycosylation by wild-type (WT) ENGases and transglycosylation by mutated ENGases. But in the current method, we have found that disaccharide LacNAc oxazoline can be efficiently assembled onto IgG by WT Endo-S2 without hydrolysis of the product, which enables the one-step glycoengineering directly from native antibodies. Further studies on substrate specificity revealed that this approach has excellent tolerance on various modification of 6-Gal motif of LacNAc. Within 1 h, one-step synthesis of gsADC was achieved using the LacNAc-toxin substrates including structures free of bioorthogonal groups. These gsADCs demonstrated good homogeneity, buffer stability, in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity. This work presents a novel strategy using LacNAc-based substrates to reprogram the multi-step IgG glycoengineering to a one-step manner for highly efficient synthesis of gsADCs.

A qualitative study on the working status of outpatient nurses in general practice departments in general hospitals in Beijing / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To survey the working status of outpatient nurses in general practice departments of general hospitals.Methods:From March to April 2021, personal in-depth interviews were conducted with outpatient nurses from general practice residency training bases in Beijing. The thematic framework analysis method was used to analyze the interview data and refine the themes.Results:Fourteen nurses working in general practice outpatient clinics were interviewed in this study. Four themes were extracted from the interview data: (1) inadequate staffing of full-time outpatient nurses in general practice departments of comprehensive hospitals; (2) unclear job functions for outpatient nurses in general practice departments; (3) no standardized patient health education in the department; (4) no relevant training received systematically.Conclusion:General practice departments in general hospitals should setup full-time general practice nurse positions, clarify the job responsibilities, strengthen the relevant training and enhance core competency for nurses working in general practice department.

Status quo and suggestions on the role of community health service in home-based care for the aged / 中华全科医师杂志

With the rapid population aging in China, healthy elderly care has become a consensus of the whole society. As an important part of healthcare system, community health service plays a vital role in health maintenance and promotion for the elderly, and it is an extremely important foundation for realizing healthy endowment. In this article we summarize the status quo of home-based care for the aged, in which the community health service plays an important role, and also make suggestions for further improvement.

Attachment Styles, Self-Esteem, Flexible Goal Adjustment, and Intimate Relationship Satisfaction in Women: A Moderated Mediation Model.

The present study aimed to examine the psychological mechanism underlying the relationship between attachment style and intimate relationship satisfaction in women. For this purpose, a cross-sectional research design was employed in which 233 women (Mage = 28.16 years) who were currently in a romantic relationship completed a questionnaire that assessed attachment style, relationship satisfaction, self-esteem, and flexible goal adjustment (FGA). The results showed that both high attachment anxiety and high attachment avoidance were associated with low relationship satisfaction. Self-esteem mediated the relationship between attachment insecurity and relationship satisfaction. Moreover, the mediation effect of self-esteem was moderated by FGA, such that only in women with high FGA was self-esteem a significant mediator in the relationship between an insecure attachment style and relationship satisfaction. The results have implications for enhancing women's relationship satisfaction.

Review: Molecular structure and functions of zinc binding metallothionein-1 protein in mammalian body system.

Zinc a major trace element; perform diverse roles in genetics and physiology in almost every vital body system of the mammalian body. Zinc regulates the expression of almost all essential genes responsible for performing pivotal functions in mammal cells through provision of structural integrity to the major transcriptional factors Zn finger Proteins (ZnF) and gene regulation for production of metallothionein protein. Zinc performed at least eight vital functions in living organisms including gene regulation e.g., as a promoter through metal response elements, structural i.e. zinc-finger motifs, catalytic e.g., metalloenzymes, DNA and RNA polymerase, DNA replication, Growth promotion, antioxidant, regulate functions of central nervous system and also act as hepato-protectant and detoxifying agent. Almost all of these vital functions are regulated through metallothionein protein, a cysteine rich Zn binding protein. These functions are basic mechanism for sustaining life. Therefore, this review paper was planned with the objective to highlight the important functions of Zn inside the mammal's body with particular reference to the metallothionein protein. Bioinformatics study performed for estimation of conservation and evolution of this important protein shows its greater conservancies in six important mammalian species.

Quality analysis of death case reports in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in recent five years / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the report of death cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in the past five years, and to put forward measures to improve the quality of death case reports. Methods The death cases reported by the death registration information system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1, 2014 to July 31, 2019 were analyzed, the timeliness of the report, the quality of the report of the root cause of death and the distribution of the root cause of death were evaluated. Results In the past five years, the main places of death were medical and health institutions. Males were significantly more than females. Ages were more concentrated in groups over 60 years old and under 80 years old. They were mostly retirees and those with junior high school or below education. Most of the diagnostic criteria were clinical + physical and physicochemical. The proportion of the time of death differ from the date of filling in the card and the proportion of the time of death differ from the date of filling in the card exceeding 7 days were gradually decreasing. The proportion of diseases directly leading to death differ from the underlying causes of death, and the proportion of diseases directly leading to death differ from ICD codes of underlying causes of death ranked first in 2017. The top three causes of death in the case of death are in turn: cause codes I, C, and J. Conclusions The timeliness of death case report in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University has increased year by year in recent five years, but the error rate of death cause coding is high, and the work of determining the underlying cause of death needs to be improved.

Evaluation on analgesic effect of the single-injection technique of pectoral nerves Ⅰ and Ⅱ in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of the single-injection technique of PECS Ⅰ and Ⅱ blocks for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Methods Sixty female patients who would undergo elective unilateral modified radical mastectomy, aged 30-65 years, falling into ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were selected and randomly divided into PECS group (group P) or control group (group C), 30 cases in each. After induction, patients in group P underwent ultrasound-guided combined PECS Ⅰ and Ⅱ blocks in a single-injection technique before surgery, 30 ml of 0.5％ ropivacaine was given to these patients. Patients in group C received general anesthesia alone. Anesthesia maintenance was performed by total intravenous anesthesia. The dosage of intraoperative propofol and remifentanil, postoperative recovery time, the requirement of sufentanil at 48 h after operation and the first time pressing the analgesic pump button, rescue analgesic requirements at 48 h after operation and the pressing frequency of analgesic pump were recorded in the two groups. Results The usage of propofol and remifentanil in group P were significantly less than those in group C (P ＜ 0.05). The recovery time after operation was significantly shorter than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05). The total consumption of sufentanil after 48 h was significantly less than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05). The first pressing time of the analgesic pump in group P was significantly later than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The rescue analgesic requirements in group P at 48 h were lower than those in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The pressing frequencies of analgesic pump in group P at 24 h were less than those in group C (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion For patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy, ultrasound-guided combined PECS Ⅰ and Ⅱ blocks in a single-injection technique can reduce the dosage of opioid drugs in the perioperative period, and can provide better analgesic effect after operation.

Interpretation of 60Co radiation effects in metal-oxide semiconductors in terms of the mobility and interface trap density with a drain current-gate voltage model.

The voltage-dependent current is a crucial parameter for determining the electrical properties of microelectronic devices. In this study, we aimed to extend a generic dc model to successfully explain the drain current (Id) for metal-oxide semiconductors (MOSs) and thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on the gate voltage (Vg), where the threshold voltage (Vth) could also be obtained from this model in a nature manner. This dc model meets the requirements for compact modeling, including modeling computer circuit simulators. The application of this model to p-type MOS and n-channel MOS transistors irradiated by 60Co showed that this generic dc model covers all the regimes for MOS or TFT linear and saturation operation above Vth, sub-threshold, and reverse biasing. In addition, the radiation-induced shift location of Vth was found using this model. The mathematical relationships are defined between the Vth and radiation dosage (D), so the 60Co enhancement effect on the mobility, µ, and interface trap density are also successfully explained by D.

MRI findings and pathological features of occult breast cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinicopathological features of primary lesions in patients with occult breast cancer (OBC).@*Methods@#The imaging reports from the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the morphology and the time signal intensity curve (TIC) of breast lesions in patients with OBC. The clinical and pathological characteristics of these patients were also included.@*Results@#A total of 34 patients were enrolled. Among these patients, 24 patients underwent modified radical mastectomy and 18 of them had primary breast carcinoma in pathological sections. MRI detected 17 cases of primary lesions, including six masse lesions with a diameter of 0.6-1.2 cm (average 0.9 cm), and 11 non-mass lesions with four linear distributions, three segmental distributions, three focal distributions, and one regions distribution. Five patients had TIC typeⅠprimary lesions, ten had TIC type Ⅱ primary lesions, and two had TIC type Ⅲ primary lesions. Among all 34 cases, 23 of them had complete results of immunohistochemistry: 11 estrogen receptor (ER) positive lesions (47.8%), tenprogesterone receptor (PR) positive lesions (43.5%), seven human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive lesions (30.4%), and 20high expression(>14%) of Ki-67 (87.0%). The proportion of type luminal A was 4.3%, type luminal B was 43.5%, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) was 30.4%, and HER-2 over expression accounted for 21.7%.@*Conclusions@#The primary lesions of OBC usually manifested as small mass lesions, or focal, linear or segmental distribution of non-mass lesions. The positive rate of ER and PR was low, but the positive rate of HER-2 and the proliferation index of Ki-67 was high. Type luminal B is the most common molecular subtype.

Sex differences in the dark triad and the association with relationship satisfaction / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective@#To examine the sex differences in the dark triad and its association with relationship satisfaction.@*Methods@#Totally 490 participants from institutions and corporations were assessed by Mach-Ⅳ, Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP), Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and Big Five Inventory (BFI-20). Statistical analysis was performed by correlation analysis, t test and hierarchical regression analysis.@*Results@#The scores of Relationship Assessment and dark triad were shown as follows: relationship assessment (27.63±5.09), Machiavellism (53.52±8.02), psychopathy (38.45±7.52), narcissistic (18.41±7.27). Men scored higher than women in dark triad (tMachiavellism=3.226, tPsychopathy=3.070, tNarcissistic=2.900, all P<0.01). There were significant correlations between machiavellism and psychopathy, and also between psychopathy and narcissistic(r=-0.170-0.572). Linear regression showed that Machiavellism and psychopathy were consistent negatively associated with relationship satisfaction for both men and women (bMachiavellism-men=-0.104, tMachiavellism-men=-2.352, bPsychopathy-men=-0.131, tPsychopathy-men=-2.739, bMachiavellism-women=-0.121, tMachiavellism-women=-2.662; bPsychopathy-women=-0.106, tPsychopathy-women=-2.189, all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in narcissism between male and female.@*Conclusion@#For the dark triad, there are obviously sex differences and its association with relationship satisfaction are partly confirmed.

Evaluation of progression-free survival for locally advanced rectal cancer by MRI after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the predictive value of MRI features and pathological parameters on local recurrence, metastasis and progression free survival (PFS) for locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and subsequent total mesorectal excision surgery.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of 95 patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent total mesorectal excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of MRI features before chemoradiation and postoperative pathological parameters on progression free survival.@*Results@#Among the 95 cases, 5 cases occured local recurrence, 21 cases developed, 3 cases including both locally recurrence and distant metastasis, 19 died and 47 had no recurrence or metastasis at the last of follow-up. Univariant analysis showed that MRI signs before chemoradiation, namely, mr circumferential resection margin, mr levator ani muscle invasion, mr lymphatic vessel invasion, mr tumor deposition and postoperative pathological parameters, yp circumferential resection margin, yp lymphatic vessel invasion were related to PFS (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis of Cox proportional hazard model showed that mr lymphatic vessel invasion and mr tumor deposition were independent factors for PFS (OR=2.774 and 3.029, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Lymphatic vessel invasion and tumor deposition on MRI are independent prognostic factors for progression free survival of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and TME surgery. To some extent, MRI signs can assess local recurrence and distant metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and mesorectal excision.

Application of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging combined with serum tumor markers in brain metastases of small cell lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with peripheral serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) brain metastases.Methods Retrospective analysis of 368 SCLC cases diagnosed by histopathology or cytology from February 2009 to February 2012 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital was made.All patients underwent pathological examination of progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP),neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and brain DWI,and measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of DWI sequences of brain metastases.The difference between the positive rates of ProGRP and NSE in patients with or without brain metastases was compared by the X2 test,and the diagnostic efficiency of ProGRP,NSE,DWI and combined detection for brain metastases were analyzed.The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the changes of ADC value,ProGRP and NSE before and after brain irradiation therapy in brain metastases of SCLC.Pearson correlation analysis was made to evaluate the correlation between the changes of ADC value and the levels of ProGRP and NSE in SCLC patients with brain metastases before and after treatment.Results The median expression of serum ProGRP in 169 SCLC patients was 2 664.7 pg/ml (98.4-4 876.8 pg/ml),with a positive rate of 98.2 ％ (166/169).The median expression of NSE was 41.9 μg/L (9.4-264.3 μg/L),with a positive rate of 70.4 ％ (119/169).The median expression of serum ProGRP level was 514.3 pg/ml (3.9-2 899.3 pg/ml) in 199 SCLC patients without brain metastasis,the positive rate was 89.4 ％ (178/199).The median expression of NSE was 40.4 μg/L (0.3-176.1 μ,g/L),with a positive rate of 64.8 ％ (129/199).The difference of ProGRP level between the two groups was statistically significant (u =121.47,P ＜ 0.001),but there was no significant difference in NSE level (u =1.35,P =0.12).The sensitivities of ProGRP,NSE,DWI,ProGRP+DWI and NSE+DWI were 68.4 ％,41.2 ％,66.7 ％,92.2 ％,and 82.4 ％,and the specificities were 52.9 ％,35.3 ％,76.5 ％,94.1％,and 88.2 ％.The sensitivity and specificity of ProGRP+DWI and NSE+DWI were higher than those of single test,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.001).One hundred and fifty-six SCLC patients with brain metastases were treated with whole brain radiotherapy.Pearson correlation analysis showed that ADC values were negatively correlated with ProGRP and NSE levels (r =-0.945,P ＜ 0.001;r =-0.995,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion DWI combined with ProGRP and NSE can provide objective evidence and clinical guidance for the diagnosis of SCLC brain metastases and the evaluation of whole brain radiotherapy.

YEATS4 promotes the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer by activating beta-catenin/TCF signaling.

Beta-catenin/TCF signaling has been reported to promote the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. However, the regulation for the beta-catenin/TCF transcriptional complex remains largely unknown. Here, we have found that YEATS4 is a positive regulator for Beta-catenin/TCF signaling. The expression of YEATS4 was elevated in clinical pancreatic cancer samples and pancreatic cancer mouse model. Up-regulation of YEATS4 promoted the growth, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, while knocking down the expression of YEATS4 inhibited the growth, migration, invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, the mechanism study revealed that YEATS4 interacted with beta-catenin and activated beta-catenin/TCF signaling. Furthermore, knocking down the expression of YEATS4 impaired the malignant transformation of normal pancreatic cells (HPDE6C7) by the oncogenic Ras. Taken together, our study demonstrated the oncogenic roles of YEATS4 in the progression of pancreatic cancer by activating beta-catenin/TCF signaling and suggested that YEATS4 might be a promising therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Diagnosis and treatment of primary hepatic lymphoma: report of one case / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is an extremely rare disease without any unified diagnostic criterion.The symptoms are usually nonspecific.Liver biopsy remains the most valuable tool for diagnosis of PHL.The predominant histology of PHL is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.The therapeutic modalities are variable,including surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,or combination of the various processes.This article described a 33-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell PHL who was treated at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical Univeitity Blood Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center in February 2014.The patient benefited from eight-cycle chemotherapy.At present,the patient is disease-free and undergoes regular follow-up.