[Domestic external fixator application in the treatment of limb deformities: 7 289 cases application report].

Objective: To discuss the clinical application and effects of domestic external fixator in the treatment of patients with malformations of limbs. Methods: A total of 7 289 patients with malformation of limbs who had been operated in Qin Sihe orthopedic surgery team from January 1989 to June 2016 were retrospective analyzed. The patients were treated with domestic external fixator, including 4 033 males and 3 256 females, aging from 2 to 82 years with a mean age of 23.4 years. There were 2 732 patients using Ilizarov external fixator, 4 713 patients using hybrid external fixator, 57 patients using monobrachial external fixator, 232 patients using Ilizarov external fixator and hybrid external fixator. The Ilizarov, hybrid and monobrachial external fixator were used in 67, 65 and 0 patients on the upper limbs and in 2 665, 4 616 and 57 patients on the lower limbs. There were 3 028 patients operated on the left limbs, 3 260 patients operated on the right limbs and 1 001 patients operated on the bilateral limbs. The top three types of diseases were sequelae of poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy and post-traumatic stress disorder peromely. Deformity types inclued talipes equinovarus, knee flexion deformity, cavus foot and so on. Results: All the patients were followed up for a period of 2.5 months to 22.4 years, with an average follow-up time of 5.4 years. All of the external fixators were used for single once, and there was no substitute for external fixator quality problem. All the patients were completed surgery goal until removing external fixation except 1 patient gave up treatment and 1 removed the fixator because of metal allergy. The common complications included wire or pin infection and joint movement limitation and so on. Conclusions: The domestic external fixator developed and produced based on the characteristics of Chinese limb deformity disability. The domestic external fixator can be used to treat kinds of limb deformities with the advantages of practical, economical, adjustable, universal and portable. The domestic external fixator could meet the clinical demand for fixation of the osteotomy end of the limbs, the correction of the deformity, the repair of the defects and the limb lengthening.

[Construction of a RNAi lentiviral vector targeting ARK5 gene and its effect on the biological behavior of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To construct a RNA interference lentiviral vector aimed at human ARK5 (AMPK-related protein kinase 5) gene and explore its effect on the biologic behavior of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells. METHODS: Targeting human ARK5 mRNA coding sequence, we designed three specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and constructed the lentiviral vector, then infected human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells with this vector. Afterwards, we used qPCR and Western blot for detecting the silencing effect on ARK5 gene, MTT colorimetric assay to measure the cell proliferation, cell scratch test for cell migration and Transwell for cell invasion, and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis in cells treated with glucose starvation and TNF-α. RESULTS: Sequencing proved that the recombinant lentiviral vector containing ARK5-shRNA-3 was constructed successfully. Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay showed that the expression abundance of ARK5 gene in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group were 1.002+ 0.082, 1.001+ 0.050 and 0.140+ 0.003, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Cell scratch test showed that the cell migration rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group was (38.5+ 4.3)%, significantly lower than that of the normal control group [(72.4+ 6.4)%] and negative control group [(75.1+ 7.1)%, P<0.01]. The results of Transwell test showed that the number of penetrating cells in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 transfection group were 257.4±12.3, 245.7±11.6, 112.5±7.8, with a significant difference (P<0.01). After glucose starvation and TNF-α-treatment for 24 h, the cell death rate of the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 group were (11.7±3.2)%, (12.3±2.6)% and (30.8±4.3)%, respectively, showing that the cell apoptosis rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 transfected group was significantly higher than that of the normal control and negative control groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We have successfully constructed a recombinant lentiviral vector which can efficiently silence ARK5 gene. Using it we can inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion of tumor cells, and promote cell apoptosis under the condition of TNF-α treatment and glucose starvation.

[Smoking behaviour and its influencing factors among cigarette smokers in Beijing].

An investigation was carried out among 6,000 persons aged 15-70 to explore the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its risk factors in urban and suburban areas of Beijing. Results showed that 39.07% of Beijing residents were smokers (58.95% male, 17.42% female) who started smoking at an average age of 19.52% and over 2/3 of them admitted their initiafion of smoking was mainly due to curiosity and pressure from social intercourse. Results of polychotomas regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors of smoking were related to sex, poor education, unhappy marriage, and lacking of knowledge on the negative health outcome of smoking. It is suggested that the program on smoking of control should be strengthened in Beijing.

[Analysis on the tendency of practical dust exposure year and the out-of-dust rate among coalminers].

It is important to study the practical dust exposure year and out-of-dust rate for the evaluation of dust level and to predict pneumoconiosis incidence in coal miners. A Retrospective Cohort Study was carried out on the calculation of practical dust exposure year and the out-of-dust rate among coal miners employed during 1958-1988 in a mine. The results showed that job variety had a strong effect on dust exposure year and that out-of-dust rate beared relationship to the years of employment. It can be estimated that the percentage of coalminers who were employed in 1975-1979 with dust exposure year reached 20 years would be less than 30%, and that those being employed after 1980 would be even lesser.