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BACKGROUND: To assess the accuracy of robot-assisted Magerl screw placement and explore the factors affecting the accuracy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent robot-assisted Magerl screw placement was performed. The accuracy of Magerl screw placement was evaluated according to the Gertzbein and Robbins scale. RESULTS: 47 Magerl screws were placed in 24 consecutive patients. 32 Magerl screws were narrower than the C2 isthmus height and 26 of them were grade A. 15 Magerl screws were wider than the C2 isthmus height and all of them were grade B. Temporary fixation after decompression and a smaller difference between the C2 isthmus height and screw diameter were associated with a higher probability of cortical breach. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of robot-assisted Magerl screw placement was excellent. Temporary fixation after decompression and a smaller difference between the C2 isthmus height and screw diameter increased the risk of cortical breach.
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Pedicle Screws , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Robotics , Spinal Fusion , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Pedicle Screws/adverse effects , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Existing studies have confirmed that exosomes can effectively promote pulp regeneration.However,the biological functions and properties of exosomes from preconditioned sources can be significantly changed,which have different effects on cell proliferation,migration and odontogenic differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the application status of exosomes and their preconditioning methods in the field of pulp regeneration,and summarize the preconditioning methods that affect the function of exosomes,and explore the effect of exosomes and their preconditioning on pulp regeneration. METHODS:The relevant articles were searched in WanFang,CNKI,PubMed,and Web of Science databases from 2006 to 2022.The Chinese and English search terms were"exosomes,pulp regeneration;preconditioning method".A total of 78 articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Exosomes have the advantages of good biocompatibility,low immunogenicity and no cytotoxicity,and can induce the regeneration of pulp tissue by promoting stem cell tooth formation,neurogenesis and vascularization.(2)Exosomes derived from preconditioning can enhance the ability of tissue repair and regeneration and have a significant impact on the quality of regenerated dental pulp.(3)Currently,the preconditioning methods used in the field of dental pulp regeneration include inflammatory stimulation,hypoxia induction,conditioned medium and three-dimensional culture,and secreted exosomes can effectively improve the quality of regenerated dental pulp.Nevertheless,the specific effect and mechanism of different preconditioning methods on pulp regeneration need to be explored.
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BACKGROUND:Fluorosis is a disorder of enamel development caused by long-term intake of large amounts of fluoride during enamel development. OBJECTIVE:To further explore the molecular mechanism of dental fluorosis formation by screening the differentially expressed genes associated with calcium homeostasis in ameloblasts by transcriptome sequencing technology. METHODS:LS8 cells were treated with 0,0.4,0.8,1.6,3.2 and 6.4 mmol/L sodium fluoride(NaF)for 24,48 and 72 hours to observe the effects of different concentrations of NaF on the morphology,cell activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration of LS8 cells.The differentially expressed genes were screened by transcriptome sequencing and validated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 24 hours of treatment,the cells treated with 0,0.4,and 0.8 mmol/L NaF were in good growth condition,with increased cell number and clear cell outline.When the NaF concentration was≥1.6 mmol/L,the cells were gradually shrunken and became smaller and the number of cells decreased with the increase of NaF concentration.After 48 and 72 hours of treatment,the number of cells increased in the 0,0.4 mmol/L NaF groups,while gradually decreased in the 0.8,1.6,3.2 mmol/L NaF groups,with rounded and smaller cell morphology.The cells in the 6.4 mmol/L NaF group were shrunken,rounded and suspended in the medium,with almost no adherent cells.When treated with the same concentration of NaF,LS8 cells were in optimal growth after 24 hours of treatment.Results from cell counting kit-8 assay showed that when treated with the same concentration of NaF,the cell activity decreased with the increase of treatment time;when the treatment time was the same,the cell activity decreased with the increase of NaF concentration.After 24 hours of treatment,the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased with the increase of NaF concentration.Transcriptome sequencing analysis identified genes involved in the regulation of cellular calcium homeostasis:Hsp90b1,Canx,Calr,and Hspa5 that were significantly upregulated(P＜0.05)and Cacna1a that was significantly downregulated(P＜0.05).To conclude,the inhibitory effect of NaF on LS8 cell proliferation may be related to the abnormal increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration,and the mechanism may be caused by the upregulation of the expression of protein processing and synthesis pathways Hsp90b1,Canx,Calr,and Hspa5 and the downregulation of the expression of calcium signaling pathway Cacna1a.
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Objective:To explore the risk factors of cement displacement after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).Methods:A case-control analysis was made on clinical data of 1 538 patients with OVCF admitted to Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2016 to June 2021. There were 377 males and 1 161 females, aged from 45-115 years [(71.7±10.8)years]. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous vertebroplasty (PKP) was performed. Patients were divided into cement displacement group ( n=78) and cement non-displacement group ( n=1 460) according to the radiographic outcomes. Factors related to cement displacement were analyzed by univariate analysis, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), preoperative bone mineral density, underlying diseases, involved vertebral segments, surgical methods, surgical approaches, cement leakage (anterior edge), viscosity of cement, dispersion ratio of cement, degree of cement interweaving, sagittal position of cement, targeted location of cement, distance from cement to upper and lower endplates and duration of brace wearing. Independent risk factors for bone cement displacement were identified by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results:Univariate analysis showed that bone cement displacement was significantly correlated with BMI, preoperative bone mineral density, involved vertebral segments, operation methods, cement leakage (anterior edge), viscosity of cement, dispersion ratio of cement, degree of cement interweaving, sagittal position of cement, targeted location of cement, distance from cement to upper and lower endplates and duration of brace wearing (all P<0.05), but there was no correlation with gender, age, underlying diseases or surgicales approach (all P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the preoperative bone mineral density ( OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.81-7.50, P<0.01), operation methods ( OR=4.56, 95% CI 1.86-8.44, P<0.01), cement leakage (anterior edge) ( OR=5.77, 95% CI 2.85-9.20, P<0.01), viscosity of cement ( OR=7.36, 95% CI 1.01-1.77, P<0.01), dispersion ratio of cement ( OR=6.84, 95% CI 1.69-13.39, P<0.01), degree of cement interweaving ( OR=8.97, 95% CI 2.29- 14.97, P<0.01), sagittal position of cement ( OR=6.39, 95% CI 1.06-9.47, P<0.01), targeted location of cement ( OR=7.93, 95% CI 1.64-11.84, P<0.01), distance from cement to upper and lower endplates ( OR=6.78, 95% CI 1.84-6.96, P<0.01) and duration of brace wearing ( OR=9.55, 95% CI 2.26- 9.38, P<0.01) were significantly correlated with bone cement displacement after percutaneous vertebral augmentation. Conclusion:Low bone mineral density preoperatively, PKP, cement leakage into the vertebral anterior edge, low viscosity of cement, small dispersion ratio of cement, small degree of cement interweaving, cement filling in the anterior 1/3 and anterior middle 2/3 of the vertebral body in sagittal plane, non-targeted injection of cement, long distance from cement to upper and lower endplates and short duration of brace wearing are independent risk factors of cement displacement after percutaneous vertebral augmentation for OVCF.
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Endemic dental fluorosis has been reported in some regions of the world. China seemed to have high prevalence of endemic dental fluorosis, especially in southwest China. It is now most likely that excessive fluoride intake during enamel development play a key role in the pathogenesis of dental fluorosis. However, excessive intake of fluoride-induced cellular and molecular mechanisms of dental fluorosis are not entirely conclusive. Scholars at home and abroad have made a lot of research on pathogenesis of enamel fluorosis by using various experimental techniques. More recent studies mainly suggest that endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium overload-associated apoptotic pathway may participate in fluoride excess-evoked pathogenesis of dental fluorosis. Furthermore, the functional changes of enamel matrix protein and protease activity may be involved in the pathological event. This paper summarized the recent research progress on this topic.
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Objective SD rats were immuned with the transgenic tomatoes which carried fused gene of a region of PAc Strep-tococcus mutants and cholera toxin B subunit.The immunogenicity was tested to explore secure and economic edible vaccines a-gainst dental caries.Methods A total of 18 eighteen-day-old female SD rats were subdivided randomly into three groups:the exper-imental group which were fed with transgenic tomato juice containing chimaera protein PAcP/CTB;the positive control group which were treated with deactivated S.mutans;the negative control group which were not treated with transgenic tomato juice.Rats were immuned once per week for four weeks.Blood and saliva were collected at one day before the first immunity and one week after each immunization.IgG of blood serum and SIgA of saliva were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (indirect ELISA) testing.On day 70,rats were terminated.The maxillary and mandibular bones were subsequently taken out to count dental caries′scores.Results Post immunization,the experimental group and the positive control group had statistical significant levels of speci-ficity IgG in serum and SIgA in saliva compared to the negative control group (P <0.05).There was a significance difference be-tween the experimental group and the negative control group except in Dx levels of caries loss (P <0.05).Conclusion The targeted protein expressed on the transgenic tomatoes is immunogenic,which can effectively induce mucous membrane immune response and the systematical immunoreaction to suppress the occurrence of the dental caries.
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Objective To investigate the present situation of quality of life in the elderly residents aged more than 60 years in Zhanjiang city and to analyze its influence factors .Methods 418 elderly residents over 60 years sampled by the random sampling in Zhanjiang city were performed the questionnaire survey by using the Chinese Scale of World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL-BREF) .Results The quality of life in the physical ,psychological and environmental fields in male residents was higher than that in the female residents ;which in the psychological and environmental fields in the high cultural level residents was higher than that in the low cultural level residents ;which in the social relations field in the high income residents was higher than that in the low in-come residents ;there were no statistical differences in the quality of life among the elderly residents with different occupations be-fore retirement and marital status ;the Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and occupation were the influence factors of quality of life self evaluation in elderly residents .Conclusion Gender ,occupation ,educational level and income level are the influ-ence factors of quality of life in elderly residents .