Slab melting boosts the mantle wedge contribution to Li-rich magmas.

The lithium cycling in the supra-subduction mantle wedge is crucial for understanding the generation of Li-rich magmas that may potentially source ore deposition in continental arcs. Here, we look from the mantle source perspective at the geological processes controlling the Li mobility in convergent margins, by characterizing a set of sub-arc mantle xenoliths from the southern Andes (Coyhaique, western Patagonia). The mineral trace element signatures and oxygen fugacity estimates (FMQ > + 3) in some of these peridotite xenoliths record the interaction with arc magmas enriched in fluid-mobile elements originally scavenged by slab dehydration. This subduction-related metasomatism was poorly effective on enhancing the Li inventory of the sub-arc lithospheric mantle, underpinning the inefficiency of slab-derived fluids on mobilizing Li through the mantle wedge. However, major and trace element compositions of mantle minerals in other xenoliths also record transient thermal and chemical anomalies associated with the percolation of slab window-related magmas, which exhibit an "adakite"-type geochemical fingerprint inherited by slab-derived melts produced during ridge subduction and slab window opening event. As these melts percolated through the shallow (7.2-16.8 kbar) and hot (952-1054 °C) lithospheric mantle wedge, they promoted the crystallization of metasomatic clinopyroxene having exceptionally high Li abundances (6-15 ppm). Numerical modeling shows that low degrees (< 10%) of partial melting of this Li-rich and fertile sub-arc lithospheric mantle generates primitive melts having two-fold Li enrichment (~13 ppm) compared with average subduction-zone basalts. Prolonged fractional crystallization of these melts produces extremely Li-enriched silicic rocks, which may stoke the Li inventory of mineralizing fluids in the shallow crust.

Genomic Diversity of the Retinta Breed Derived from Two Ancestral Bovine Lineages.

The Retinta breed, an autochthonous type of Spanish beef cattle, is highly adapted to breeding in its natural environment, which is characterized by a Mediterranean climate. The origins of this breed can be traced to two ancestral bovine stocks, which gave rise to distinct morphotypes differentiated primarily by coat color, alongside other significant traits such as growth, morphological conformation and temperament. Specifically, one morphotype comprises blond animals (Rubia Andaluza), genetically resembling the ancestral Bos taurus Aquitanicus, while the other encompasses brown- and red-colored animals (Retinta Extremeña) originating from Bos taurus Turdenatus stock. Over decades, these populations have undergone hybridization, leading to a unified population, albeit with the original subpopulations largely maintaining their genetic integrity. The objective of this study was to undertake genealogical and genomic characterization of these genetic lines, including a particular subpopulation within the blond animals (Tamarona cow). To achieve this, the genealogical records of 22,004 active animals were analyzed, and over 63,000 SNPs from a total of 1030 animals were examined for genomic characterization. Genealogical analysis revealed pedigree completeness and a high level of effective population size (Ne) across the entire population, yet relatively low Ne values within each pure line (ranging from 28.38 to 34.47). These findings underscore the ongoing efforts of the National Association of Retinta Breeders (ACRE) over the past decades to mitigate the loss of variability in this breed. The genomic characterization highlights the persistent differences within the original population and the predominant influence of the Retinto line within the current breed, as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and admixture analysis. Furthermore, the identification of the Tamarona subpopulation within the blond lineage underlines its unique genetic composition, warranting its recognition as an official genetic line within the current Retinta breed. Given the small population size of these lines, particularly the Tamarona subpopulation, protective measures are imperative to preserve this distinct gene pool. Such measures would enhance the genetic diversity of the Retinta breed, which is essential for sustainable breeding practices in its natural habitats.

Enhancing the First-Pass Effect in Acute Stroke: The Impact of Stent Retriever Characteristics.

Introduction: Although stentrievers (SRs) have been a mainstay of mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and current guidelines recommend the use of SRs in the treatment of large vessel occlusion stroke (LVO), there is a paucity of studies in the literature comparing SRs directly against each other in terms of mechanical and functional properties. Timely access to endovascular therapy and the ability to restore intracranial flow in a safe, efficient, and efficacious manner have been critical to the success of MT. This study aimed to investigate the impact of contemporary SR characteristics, including model, brand, size, and length, on the first-pass effect (FPE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Consecutive patients with M1 occlusion treated with a single SR+BGC were recruited from the ROSSETTI registry. The primary outcome was the FPE that was defined as modified (mFPE) or true (tFPE) for the achievement of modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) grades 2b-3 or 3 after a single device pass, respectively. We compared patients who achieved mFPE with those who achieved tFPE according to SR characteristics. Results: We included 610 patients (52.3% female and 47.7% male, mean age 75.1 ± 13.62 years). mFPE was achieved in 357 patients (58.5%), whereas tFPE was achieved in 264 (43.3%). There was no significant association between SR characteristics and mFPE or tFPE. Specifically, the SR size did not show a statistically significant relationship with improvement in FPE. Similarly, the length of the SR did not yield significant differences in the mFPE and tFPE, even when the data were grouped. Conclusions: Our data indicate that contemporary SR-mediated thrombectomy characteristics, including model, brand, size, and length, do not significantly affect the FPE.

Social mood during the Covid-19 vaccination process in Spain. A sentiment analysis of tweets and social network leaders.

In accordance with the cognitive orientation contemplated in the resolution of complex problems posed in public decision-making using decision support systems and social networks, this work studies the possibility of identifying the state of mind of society through the state of mind of network leaders. Using sentiment and emotion analysis as research techniques and Twitter as a representative social network, the study corpus considers tweets and retweets in Spanish about COVID-19 in the period from February 27, 2020 to December 31, 2021. As cognitive orientation claims, the proposed techniques will allow us to extract the arguments that support the different positions and decisions from the analysis of the tweets issued exclusively by social leaders. In the case study considered, the COVID-19 vaccination process in Spain, the reduction in the number of tweets' authors (more than 8,000) to the network leaders (just 8) was greater than 99 %; and the subsequent reduction in the number of associated tweets was greater than 88 % from the 18,193 tweets in society to the 2,145 tweets of the eight social leaders. The impressive degree of information compression achieved may be useful to establish new directions of social mood analysis applied to healthcare and business management.

Assessment of nurses' level of knowledge of the management of chronic wounds.

BACKGROUND: Chronic wounds are a challenge and a major cause of morbidity. A wound is considered chronic if healing does not occur within the expected time frame depending on the etiology and location of the wound. OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of knowledge about chronic wound management of postgraduate nurses in different areas of the health system and their previous satisfaction with the training received during their undergraduate studies. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of a health system of 95,000 inhabitants and 557 nursing professionals working in it. PARTICIPANTS: Nurses working in the study health system and in areas with care for patients with chronic wounds in social, primary and hospital care. RESULTS: Survey results described a low knowledge of chronic wound management in general. Data on knowledge according to area of work showed that nurses in primary care had the highest knowledge of wound etiology. Nurses working in health and social care were most knowledgeable in diagnostic knowledge. Hospital nurses showed the lowest knowledge overall. A relationship was observed when nurses had a master's degree followed by an expert with better knowledge in the test. In addition, nurses reported little training in chronic wounds during their university studies (69.73 %, n = 106). CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, a review of this point should be considered to improve the management of chronic wounds and their correct approach among nursing students. A review of continuing and even specialised training needs in the clinical care setting should also be considered.

Market research of infant formula milks in Spain.

There are circumstances in which breastfeeding is not possible and formula milk feeding has to be resorted to. In these cases, it is difficult to choose among the multitude of brands on the market for infant feeding. Although the composition of formula milk is largely regulated by legislation, there are certain nutrients whose presence in breast milk is beneficial. This circumstance will help us to establish some criteria to choose formula milk for a healthy infant. Among all the formula milks which can be found in different shops (pharmacies, supermarkets, etc.), market research has been carried out based on the nutritional criteria: the lipid and protein profile, certain carbohydrates, amino acids, and vitamins, as well as the presence of nucleotides, prebiotics, and probiotics. Based on these results, it can be established which formula milk we would give to a healthy infant. Thus, within the analyzed formula milks, it has been concluded that the most complete milk in this would be formula milk D and the least formula milk J. Although more studies are needed to confirm this, it is foreseeable that, as the scientific evidence is greater, the legislation will be updated and considering these nutrients for a correct formula milk.

Changes in the quality of life of adults with an ostomy during the first year after surgery as part of the Best Practice Spotlight Organisation® Programme.

The aim was to analyse changes in the perceived quality of life of patients with an ostomy during the first year after surgery at two or three follow-ups. This is a prospective study of a cohort of 55 patients who were ostomised between June 2021 and September 2022 and cared for under the recommendations set out in the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario® best practice guideline Supporting Adults Who Anticipate or Live with an Ostomy as part of the Best Practice Spotlight Organisation® (BPSO®) programme. The Stoma Quality of Life tool was used. A univariate analysis was performed to identify variables associated with a non-improvement in quality of life. Variables showing p < 0.1 were included in a multivariate model. Patients with an ostomy exhibited a moderate-to-good perception of quality of life in both the personal and social dimensions, with no worsening over the first year. Being female (OR = 10.32) and being younger (OR = 0.89) were associated with a higher risk of no improvement in quality of life. The most frequent complications were urinary leakage (p = 0.027) and dermatitis (p = 0.052) at first follow-up; and parastomal hernia (p = 0.009) and prolapse (p = 0.05) at third follow-up. However, they did not lead to a worsening of quality of life, suggesting that these patients were adequately supported under the BPSO® programme.

A Newborn Screening Program for Sickle Cell Disease in Murcia (Spain).

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited autosomal recessive hemoglobin disorder caused by the presence of hemoglobin S, a mutant abnormal hemoglobin caused by a nucleotide change in codon 6 of the ß-globin chain gene. SCD involves a chronic inflammatory state, exacerbated during vaso-occlusive crises, which leads to end-organ damage that occurs throughout the lifespan. SCD is associated with premature mortality in the first years of life. The process of sickling provokes asplenia in the first years of life with an increased risk of infection by encapsulated germs. These complications can be life-threatening and require early diagnosis and management. The most important interventions recommend an early diagnosis of SCD to ensure that affected newborns receive immediate care to reduce mortality and morbidity. The newborn screening program in the region of Murcia for SCD began in March 2016. We aimed to determine the incidence of sickle cell anemia and other structural hemoglobinopathies in the neonatal population of the region of Murcia, an area of high migratory stress, and to systematically assess the benefit of newborn screening for SCD, leading to earlier treatment, as well as to offer genetic counseling to all carriers. The prevalence of SCD in our region is similar to others in Spain, except for Catalonia and Madrid. The newborns with confirmed diagnoses of SCD received early attention, and all the carriers received genetic counseling.

Impact of Balloon Guide Catheters in Elderly Patients Treated with Mechanical Thrombectomy: Insights from the ROSSETTI Registry.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several nonrandomized studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of balloon guide catheters in treating patients with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion. However, their impact on the elderly populations has been underreported. We aimed to analyze the effect of balloon guide catheters in a cohort of elderly patients (80 years of age or older) with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients from June 2019 to June 2022 were collected from the ROSSETTI Registry. Demographic and clinical data, angiographic endovascular technique, and clinical outcome were compared between balloon guide catheter and non-balloon guide catheter groups. We studied the association between balloon guide catheters and the rate of complete recanalization after a single first-pass effect modified TICI 2c-3, as well as their association with functional independence at 3 months. RESULTS: A total of 808 patients were included during this period, 465 (57.5%) of whom were treated with balloon guide catheters. Patients treated with balloon guide catheters were older, had more neurologic severity at admission and lower baseline ASPECTS, and were less likely to receive IV fibrinolytics. No differences were observed in terms of the modified first-pass effect between groups (45.8 versus 39.9%, P = .096). In the multivariable regression analysis, balloon guide catheter use was not independently associated with a modified first-pass effect or the final modified TICI 2c-3, or with functional independence at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, balloon guide catheter use during endovascular treatment of anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion in elderly patients did not predict the first-pass effect, near-complete final recanalization, or functional independence at 3 months. Further studies, including randomized clinical trials, are needed to confirm these results.

Sesamoidectomía peroneal por necrosis séptica

Introducción: Los sesamoideos del hallux son huesos constantes de pequeño tamaño y lentiformes. Se localizan en la región plantar de la cabeza del primer metatarsiano dentro de la cápsula de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica. El diagnóstico diferencial de metatarsalgia sobre el primer radio del pie, sin antecedente traumático, incluye patologías referidas a los sesamoideos y otras. Entre las primeras se encuentran principalmente la sesamoiditis, las fracturas de estrés y la necrosis avascular de los sesamoideos. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de sesamoiditis y su evolución después del tratamiento quirúrgico. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 25 años con un cuadro de fractura por estrés del sesamoideo peroneal. Tras infiltración seriada con corticoesteroides, desencadenó una necrosis séptica del sesamoideo. Se determinó realizar una sesamoidectomía por abordaje plantar. Conclusiones: La sesamoidectomía resulta una opción quirúrgica en procesos degenerativos de los sesamoideos, cuando los tratamientos conservadores son insuficientes. El abordaje plantar se considera adecuado para la extirpación del sesamoideo peroneal. Esta técnica requiere un adecuado seguimiento posoperatorio para optimizar la cicatrización plantar.

Introduction: The hallux sesamoid are constant bones of small size and lentiform. They are located in the plantar region of the first metatarsal head within the capsule of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The differential diagnosis of metatarsalgia over the first radius of the foot, without traumatic history, includes pathologies related to the sesamoids and others. Among the former are mainly sesamoiditis, stress fractures and avascular necrosis of the sesamoids. Objective: To report a case of sesamoiditis and its evolution after surgical treatment. Case report: This the case of a 25-year-old woman with a stress fracture of the fibular sesamoid. After serial infiltration with corticosteroids, it triggered a septic sesamoid necrosis, it was decided to perform a sesamoidectomy by plantar approach. Conclusions: Sesamoidectomy is a surgical option in degenerative processes of the sesamoids, when conservative treatments are insufficient. The plantar approach is considered adequate for removal of the fibular sesamoid. This technique requires adequate postoperative follow-up to optimize plantar healing.

A track record of Au-Ag nanomelt generation during fluid-mineral interactions.

Recent studies have reported the significant role of Au-bearing nanoparticles in the formation of hydrothermal gold deposits. Despite the ever-increasing understanding of the genesis and stability of Au-bearing nanoparticles, it is still unknown how they behave when exposed to hydrothermal fluids. Here, we study the nanostructural evolution of Au-Ag nanoparticles hosted within Co-rich diarsenides and sulfarsenides of a natural hydrothermal deposit. We use high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to provide a singular glimpse of the complete melting sequence of Au-Ag nanoparticles exposed to the hydrothermal fluid during coupled dissolution-precipitation reactions of their host minerals. The interaction of Au-Ag nanoparticles with hydrothermal fluids at temperatures (400-500 ºC) common to most hydrothermal gold deposits may promote melting and generation of Au-Ag nanomelts. This process has important implications in noble metal remobilization and accumulation during the formation of these deposits.

Nurses' evidence-based practice competence and hospital practice environment after specific training under the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® Programme. A cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Barriers to implementing training strategies for the improvement of evidence-based practice competence of nurses in hospital practice environments still persist. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a specific training within the framework of the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® programme, on nurses' evidence-based practice competence and the practice environment in two hospitals. DESIGN: This is a observational cross-sectional study assessing evidence-based practice competence and perceptions of Practice Environments. PARTICIPANTS: The study sample were 204 nurses working at medical and surgical inpatient units at two hospitals involved in the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® programme. METHODS: The study was conducted from February 2020 to May 2020. Three questionnaires were used to collect data: a sociodemographic/occupational questionnaire, a questionnaire exploring evidence-based practice skills, and a questionnaire exploring nurses' perceptions of their hospital practice environments. RESULTS: A total of 204 nurses participated. They were classified into two groups: those who had received specific training within the framework of the programme, called trained-champions (n = 66), and those who had not yet received training, control group (n = 138). The trained-champions exhibited better evidence-based practice competence values than the control group in all dimensions (p < 0.001), with a higher difference in means in the "Utilisation" dimension (-0.80; CI:-0.99,-0.60) and the "Knowledge" dimension (-0.63; CI:-0.88,-0.38). Trained-champions also had a more positive perception of the practice environments than the controls in all dimensions (p ≤ 0.001). The largest differences in means were in the "Participation" dimension (-0.48; CI:-0.66,-0.31) and in the "Leadership" dimension (-0.41; CI:-0.59,-0.23). CONCLUSIONS: Specific EBP training within the framework of the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® programme has succeeded in nurses (trained-champions) obtaining better EBP competence than others without this training. This could have contributed to increase nurses' abilities to integrate evidence into decision making in their clinical practice, while positively influencing them to perceive their PEs more favorably.

Influence of salinity, germination, malting and fermentation on quinoa nutritional and bioactive profile.

The depletion of freshwater resources, as well as climate change and population growth, are threatening the livelihoods of thousands of people around the world. The introduction of underutilized crops such as quinoa may be important in countries with limited productivity and/or limited access to water due to its resistance to different abiotic stresses and its high nutritional value. The aim of this review is to assess whether techniques such as germination, malting and fermentation would improve the nutritional and bioactive profile of quinoa. The use of nitrogen oxide-donating, oxygen-reactive and calcium-source substances increases germination. The ecotype used, temperature, humidity and germination time are determining factors in germination. The presence of lactic acid bacteria of the rust-type phenotype can improve the volume and texture during baking of the doughs, increase the fiber content and act as a prebiotic. These techniques produce a significant increase in the content of proteins, amino acids and bioactive compounds, as well as a decrease in anti-nutritional compounds. Further studies are needed to determine which conditions are the most suitable to achieve the best nutritional, functional, technological, and organoleptic quinoa properties.

Estimation of the Genetic Components of (Co)variance and Preliminary Genome-Wide Association Study for Reproductive Efficiency in Retinta Beef Cattle.

In this study, we analyzed the variation of reproductive efficiency, estimated as the deviation between the optimal and real parity number of females at each stage of the cow's life, in 12,554 cows belonging to the Retinta Spanish cattle breed, using classical repeatability and random regression models. The results of the analyses using repeatability model and the random regression model suggest that reproductive efficiency is not homogeneous throughout the cow's life. The h2 estimate for this model was 0.30, while for the random regression model it increased across the parities, from 0.24 at the first calving to 0.51 at calving number 9. Additionally, we performed a preliminary genome-wide association study for this trait in a population of 252 Retinta cows genotyped using the Axiom Bovine Genotyping v3 Array. The results showed 5 SNPs significantly associated with reproductive efficiency, located in two genomic regions (BTA4 and BTA28). The functional analysis revealed the presence of 5 candidate genes located within these regions, which were previously involved in different aspects related to fertility in cattle and mice models. This new information could give us a better understanding of the genetic architecture of reproductive traits in this species, as well as allow us to accurately select more fertile cows.

Association between Anxiety Status and Hydration Status in Spanish University Students.

Anxiety disorders are a very common psychiatric pathology among young university students, and the strategies for its mitigation are limited to the consumption of anxiolytic substances. Adequate hydration is essential for staying healthy, as water is the main component of the human body and of several physiological processes. A state of dehydration, in addition to a negative water balance, has serious consequences on health status. We aimed to determine the association between the degree of anxiety and the level of hydration in Spanish university students. A cross-sectional, observational research study with a sample of 65 female university students was conducted. Over 90% of the study population shows anxiety levels above the 95th percentile. The individuals with anxiety above the 95th percentile showed a negative water balance. The consumption of coffee and herbal teas shows correlations with state anxiety and trait anxiety.

Dielectric Barrier Discharge for Solid Food Applications.

Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) is a non-thermal technology whose ability to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms gives it great potential for use in the food industry as an alternative to traditional thermal methods. Multiple investigations have been reviewed in which the cold plasma is generated through a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) type reactor, using the atmosphere of the food packaging as the working gas. The results are grouped into meats, fruits and vegetables, dairy and lastly cereals. Microbial decontamination is due to the action of the reactive species generated, which diffuse into the treated food. In some cases, the treatment has a negative impact on the quality. Before industrializing its use, alterations in colour, flavour and lipid oxidation, among others, must be reduced. Furthermore, scaling discharges up to larger regions without compromising the plasma homogeneity is still a significant difficulty. The combination of DBD with other non-thermal technologies (ultrasound, chemical compounds, magnetic field) improved both the safety and the quality of food products. DBD efficacy depends on both technological parameters (input power, gas composition and treatment time) and food intrinsic properties (surface roughness, moisture content and chemistry).

The influence of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Patients undergoing cardiac surgery represent a challenge in terms of pain management due to multiple factors relating to the patients and to the procedure itself. Our aim was to identify the influence of levels of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and explore associations between preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, analgesic requirements, and sex. We present a prospective cohort study of 116 patients undergoing cardiac surgery between January and April 2020. Preoperative anxiety was evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the amount of morphine needed to keep pain intensity below 4 on the verbal numerical rating scale was recorded for 48 h post-surgery. Given the extracorporeal circulation time, type of surgery and body surface, it was observed that every percentile increase in preoperative state anxiety led to an extra 0.068 mg of morphine being administered. For each extra year of age, the amount of morphine needed decreased by 0.26 mg, no difference was observed between men and women in terms of preoperative anxiety or postoperative analgesics requirements. It may be concluded that in cardiac surgery, postoperative analgesic requirements increased with higher levels of preoperative state anxiety and decreased for every extra year of age.

Case Report: α-Spectrin Mutation Associated with αLELY Polymorphism Responsible for Hereditary Pyropoikilocytosis.

Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) is characterised by severe hemolytic anemia due to membrane instability. We report the case of a 13-day-old boy with neonatal jaundice and severe hemolytic anemia. A peripheral smear examination showed severe anisopoikylocytosis. DNA sequencing revealed compound double heterozygous for mutant α-spectrin SPTA1 (Arg28His) and homozygous αLELY polymorphism (low expression α-spectrin allele), compatible with diagnosis of HPP.The patient required a blood transfusion initially, but spontaneously improved after two years. Our case illustrates that, despite the presence of the allele αLELY in homozygous, the clinical phenotype is similar to cases with a mutation in SPTA1 associated with αLELY in trans.

Serum Prealbumin Levels on Admission as a Prognostic Marker in Stroke Patients Treated with Mechanical Thrombectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Prealbumin is a marker of malnutrition and inflammation. It has been associated with poor prognosis in cardiovascular disease, but less is known in stroke patients. Our objective was to evaluate the association of prealbumin levels at admission with prognosis in patients with stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy. METHODS: Retrospective study of a prospective database of consecutive patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Clinical, radiological, and blood parameters including serum prealbumin, and prognostic variables such as respiratory infection, in-hospital mortality, and the modified Rankin scale at 3 months were collected. RESULTS: We included 319 patients between 2018 and 2019. Prealbumin levels were significantly lower in patients older than 80 years, women, patients with a prestroke Rankin score >2, a glomerular filtrate rate <60 mL/min, and in those with atrial fibrillation. Regarding prognostic variables, prealbumin levels were not associated with respiratory infection. Low prealbumin levels were associated with poor functional prognosis (Rankin score >2), in-hospital mortality, and 3-month mortality. In multivariate analysis, prealbumin was an independent risk factor associated with mortality at 3 months, OR 0.92 [0.86-0.98], p = 0.019. CONCLUSION: Lower prealbumin levels at admission behaved as an independent predictor of long-term mortality in patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. These results should be replicated in other cohorts.

Changes in the Bone Mineral Density after Sleeve Gastrectomy vs. Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass 2 Years after Surgery.

The aim of this study was to compare the analytical and densitometric changes 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). A retrospective study of a prospectively collected database was performed. Morbidly obese patients undergoing RYGB or SG, as primary bariatric procedures, were included. Weight loss; analytical levels of parathormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcium; and densitometric parameters were investigated. In total, 650 patients were included in the study, and 523 patients (80.5%) underwent RYGB and 127 (19.5%) SG. There were no significant differences in excess weight loss at 24 months between both groups. When comparing preoperative and postoperative values, a significantly greater increase in PTH values was observed in the RYGB group, whereas there were no significant differences in calcium and vitamin D levels. The mean t-score values decreased after surgery at all the locations and in both groups. The reduction in the t-score was significantly greater in the RYGB group at the femoral trochanter and lumbar spine. A decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) was observed after both techniques. The mean BMD decrease was significantly greater in the femoral trochanter and lumbar spine after RYGB.