ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Understanding the hospital impact of influenza requires enriching epidemiological surveillance registries with other sources of information. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the Hospital Care Activity Record - Minimum Basic Data Set (RAE-CMBD) in the analysis of the outcomes of patients hospitalised with this infection. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of adults admitted with influenza in a tertiary hospital during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons. We calculated the concordance of the RAE-CMBD with the influenza epidemiological surveillance registry (gold standard), as well as the main parameters of internal and external validity. Logistic regression models were used for risk adjustment of in-hospital mortality and length of stay. RESULTS: A total of 907 (97.74%) unique matches were achieved, with high inter-observer agreement (Æ=0.828). The RAE-CMBD showed a 79.87% sensitivity, 99.72% specificity, 86.71% positive predictive value and 99.54% negative predictive value. The risk-adjusted mortality ratio of patients with influenza was lower than that of patients without influenza: 0.667 (0.53-0.82) vs. 1.008 (0.98-1.04) and the risk-adjusted length of stay ratio was higher: 1.15 (1.12-1.18) vs. 1.00 (0.996-1.001). CONCLUSIONS: The RAE-CMBD is a valid source of information for the study of the impact of influenza on hospital care. The lower risk-adjusted mortality of patients admitted with influenza compared to other inpatients seems to point to the effectiveness of the main clinical and organisational measures adopted.
Subject(s)
Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Adult , Humans , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Hospitalization , Seasons , Tertiary Care CentersABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common malignancy and the first killer among gynaecologic cancers in women of the European Union. Five years after diagnosis relative survival rates were less than 35%. The aims of the present study are to describe the time trends in ovarian cancer incidence in Navarra over the period 1973-1995, and to identify the age, period-of-diagnosis and birth-cohort components underlying the trend's evolution. METHODS: Standard summary indexes of incidence were calculated. Log-linear Poisson models to quantify risks of ovarian cancer and the relative annual trend were used. Age-period-cohort models were adjusted in order to ascertain the effects on time trend exerted by the respective age, period-of-diagnosis and birth-cohort components. RESULTS: Ovarian cancer incidence has showed annual rises of 2.1% over the period 1973-1995, with stabilisation over the period 1988-1995. A 54% increase in the risk of ovarian cancer was shown for the period 1993-1995 vs.1973-1977. The more recent generations of women born in Navarra do not show significant changes in the risk of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable rise in ovarian cancer incidence in Navarra over the period 1973-1995 was found, less pronounced in the last decade. The risk of ovarian cancer shown in the more recent generations of women born in Navarra is stable.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The antigenic extracts of bacterial vaccine (Staphylococcus aureus) they increase the phagocitosis, the immunoglobulins concentrations and they help in the immunologic response. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of the bacterial vaccine in patient pediatric with chronic sinusitis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Through a prospective, observational, descriptive and logitudinal study 50 patients were studied with clinical and radiological diagnosis of chronic sinusitis in the period of May from 1997 to July of 1998; they talked to three outlines of antibiotics, they were made studies of cytology hematic, of snot, perspired pharyngeal and immunoglobulin determination and x-rays of breasts paranasals. The extract of 0.1 ml was applied twice up to 0.5 ml per week, subcutaneous trial during eight months, with pursuit of six months and control of cytology hematic, as well as immunoglobulin determination. RESULTS: 82% (41) of the patients they improved and nine (18%) they persisted with symptoms, of these five required the antimicrobials prescription, three tonsillectomi. There was an immunoglobulin increment, mainly of the IgA and IgG in 38 (76%) patient.
Subject(s)
Sinusitis/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Vaccines/therapeutic use , Staphylococcus aureus , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Infant , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Killing kinetics of four fluoroquinolones against Staphylococcus species were determined during the first 5 h of incubation in the presence of drug concentrations ranging from the MIC to 1,024 micrograms/ml. Additionally, the relationship between killing rate and drug concentration was established. Sparfloxacin and temafloxacin were the most active quinolones assayed with greater lethal rates than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The relation was biphasic with a decrease of at least 1 log10 c.f.u./ml at high drug concentrations with respect to that obtained at the optimal bactericidal concentration for all quinolone-microorganism combinations tested.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Fluoroquinolones , Staphylococcus/drug effects , Anti-Infective Agents/analysis , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Norfloxacin/pharmacology , Quinolones/pharmacology , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
The in vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new difluorinated quinolone, was evaluated against 857 gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates and compared with those of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, fleroxacin, and lomefloxacin. The MIC of sparfloxacin for 90% of the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae tested was 0.5 microgram/ml (range, 0.06 to 4.0 micrograms/ml); only for members of the genera Serratia, Citrobacter, and Providencia were MICs above 1 microgram/ml. Some 90% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were inhibited by 8 micrograms of the drug per ml. The MICs for 90% of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus faecalis were 0.12 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. All (100%) Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were inhibited by 0.5 microgram/ml. The inoculum size had little effect on either the MIC or the MBC of sparfloxacin. An increase in the magnesium concentration from 1.1 to 8.4 mM increased the MIC between 2 and 10 times, depending on the genus tested. Sparfloxacin was less active at pH 5. The antibacterial activity of sparfloxacin against gram-positive bacteria was generally higher than those of the quinolones with which it was compared; against Streptococcus pneumoniae, sparfloxacin was four- and eightfold more active than ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The activity of sparfloxacin against gram-negative rods was generally comparable to that of ciprofloxacin except against Enterobacter and Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas cepacia, Xanthomonas maltophilia, and Alcaligenes and Flavobacterium spp., against which sparfloxacin was the most active quinolone.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Fluoroquinolones , Quinolones/pharmacology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Magnesium/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
En 50 pacientes con sintomatologia del tubo digestivo alto se efectuo serie gastroduodenal con tecnica de doble contraste; posteriormente se realizo una esofagogastroduodenoscopia con el proposito de evaluar la exactitud diagnostica del procedimiento radiologico. Se comprobo la confiabilidad del estudio radiologico en el 66 por ciento (33 casos). Se considera que a traves de la practica esta proporcion de exitos se puede incrementar
