Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
Add more filters










Language
Publication year range
1.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(6): 331-336, ago.-sept. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-98593

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y evolutivas de los pacientes pediátricos con traumatismo craneoencefálico grave (TCEG).Material y método: Revisión de los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de medicina intensiva pediátrica (UMIP) con TCEG en el periodo comprendido entre julio de 1983 y diciembre de 2009.Resultados: De los 389 pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) ingresados en nuestra unidad durante el periodo de estudio, presentaron TCEG 174 (45%). La media de edad de este grupo fue 67±9 meses, con una puntuación media en la escala de Glasgow (GCS) de 5,5±1,8 y una puntuación PRISM media de 10,7±6,7. La etiología más frecuente de los TCEG fueron los accidentes de tráfico (56%), aunque en la última década existe una disminución significativa de su incidencia (el 58,5 frente al 45,3%; p < 0,001). Un 21% de los pacientes precisaron evacuación de la lesión objetivada en la TC, objetivándose en un 39% lesión encefálica difusa (LED) grave. Un 79% de los pacientes en los que se monitorizó la presión intracraneal (PIC) presentaron hipertensión intracraneal (HTC). Las secuelas de relevancia clínica se objetivaron en 59 pacientes(39%), siendo graves en el 64% de ellos. La mortalidad de la población estudiada fue de un 24,7%. La incidencia de HTC fue significativamente menor en la última década estudiada (el 88 frente al 54%; p < 0,05), con una mejor recuperación clínica (el 23,3 frente al 63,1%; p < 0,001).Conclusiones: a) La incidencia de los accidentes de tráfico disminuyó en la última década en la población estudiada; b) los pacientes con TCEG en los que se monitorizó la PIC presentaron una alta incidencia de HTC, y c) la morbimortalidad de los TCEG pediátricos disminuyó a lo largo del periodo de estudio (AU)


Objective: To describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and evolutive characteristics of pediatric patients with severe head injury (SHI).Material and method: A review was made of the patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with SHI between July 1983 and December 2009.Results: Of the 389 patients with head injuries admitted to the PICU during the study period,174 (45%) presented SHI. The mean age in this group was of 67±9 months, with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 5.5±1.8 and a PRISM score of 10.7±6.7. The most frequent etiology of SHI was traffic accidents (56%), though these have decreased significantly in the last decade(58.5% vs 45.3%; P < .001). Twenty-one percent of the patients required evacuation of the lesions detected by computed tomography (CT), and 39% presented severe diffuse encephalic injury(DEI). Seventy-nine percent of the patients in whom intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored presented intracranial hypertension. Sequelae of clinical relevance were recorded in 59 patients(39%), and proved serious in 64% of the cases. The mortality rate in this patient series was 24.7%. Intracranial hypertension decreased significantly in the last decade (88% vs 54%; P < .05), and clinical recovery has improved (23.3% vs 63.1%; P < .001).Conclusions: a) The incidence of traffic accidents has decreased in the last decade in the studied population; b) patients with SHI in which ICP was monitored showed a high incidence of intracranial hypertension; c) morbidity-mortality among pediatric patients with SHI has decreased over the course of the study period (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Craniocerebral Trauma , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Retrospective Studies
2.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(6): 337-346, ago.-sept. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-98594

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir los factores asociados a la morbilidad y mortalidad de los pacientes pediatricos con traumatismo craneoencefalico grave (TCEG).Material y método: Revision de los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de medicina intensiva pediatrica (UMIP) con TCEG en el periodo comprendido entre julio de 1983 y diciembre de 2009. Resultados: De los 389 pacientes con TCE ingresados en nuestra unidad durante el periodo de estudio, presentaron TCEG 174 (45%). La edad media de este grupo fue de 67 + 9 meses, con una puntuacion media en la escala de Glasgow (GCS) de 5,5 + 1,8 y una puntuacion PRISM media de 10,6 + 6,7. El 39% de los pacientes presentaron lesion encefalica difusa (LED) grave en laTAC. Un 79% de los pacientes en los que se monitorizo la presion intracraneal (PIC) presentaron hipertension intracraneal (HIC). Estos pacientes tuvieron una mayor incidencia de secuelas graves que aquellos que no desarrollaron HIC (66,7 vs 23,1%; p = 0,01).Las secuelas de relevancia clinica se encontraron en 59 pacientes (34%), y fueron graves en el 64% de los mismos. La mortalidad de los pacientes con TCEG fue de un 25% y se asocio de forma significativa a una menor puntuacion del GCS, a la existencia de hiperglucemia o HIC, a la presencia de midriasis o shock y a la necesidad de ventilacion mecanica. La mortalidad de la LED grave fue significativamente mas elevada que la LED leve-moderada (87,5 vs 7,2%; p < 0,001) y que la lesion focal (87,5 vs 36,1%; p < 0,001). Los factores responsables de la mortalidad de forma independiente en los pacientes pediatricos con TCEG fueron la existencia de midriasis (OR:31,27), HIC (OR: 13,23) e hiperglucemia (OR: 3,10).Conclusiones: a) Los TCEG en edad pediatrica asocian una alta morbilidad y mortalidad; b)la existencia de HIC se asocio al desarrollo de secuelas graves; c) los factores de riesgo de mortalidad de forma independiente fueron la existencia de midriasis, HIC e hiperglucemia (AU)


Objective: To describe the factors associated to morbidity-mortality in pediatric patients with severe head injury (SHI).Material and method: A review was made of the patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with SHI between July 1983 and December 2009.Results: Of the 389 patients with head injuries, 174 (45%) presented SHI. The mean age of these subjects was 67 (9) months, with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 5.5 (1.8) and a PRISMscore of 10.6 (6.7). Thirty-nine percent of the patients showed diffuse encephalic injury (DEI)in the computed tomography (CT) study. Seventy-nine percent of the patients subjected to intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP) presented intracranial hypertension. These patients had a greater incidence of serious sequelae (66.7 vs. 23.1%; p = 0.01). Sequelae of clinical relevance were recorded in 59 patients (34%), and proved serious in 64% of the cases. The mortality rate among the patients with SHI was 24.7%, and mortality was significantly associated with a lower GCS score, hyperglycemia, intracranial hypertension and the presence of mydriasis or shock. The mortality rate associated to severe DEI was significantly higher than in the case of mild-moderate DEI (87.5 vs. 7.2%; p < 0.001).The independent mortality risk factors in the pediatric patients with SHI were found to be the presence of mydriasis (OR: 31.27), intracranial hypertension (OR: 13.23) and hyperglycemia(OR: 3.10).Conclusions: a) SHI in pediatric patients was associated with high morbidity-mortality; b) intracranial hypertension was associated to the development of serious sequelae; c) independent mortality risk factors were the existence of mydriasis, intracranial hypertension and hyperglycemia (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Retrospective Studies
3.
Med Intensiva ; 35(6): 337-43, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21496960

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the factors associated to morbidity-mortality in pediatric patients with severe head injury (SHI). MATERIAL AND METHOD: A review was made of the patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with SHI between July 1983 and December 2009. RESULTS: Of the 389 patients with head injuries, 174 (45%) presented SHI. The mean age of these subjects was 67 (9) months, with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 5.5 (1.8) and a PRISM score of 10.6 (6.7). Thirty-nine percent of the patients showed diffuse encephalic injury (DEI) in the computed tomography (CT) study. Seventy-nine percent of the patients subjected to intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP) presented intracranial hypertension. These patients had a greater incidence of serious sequelae (66.7 vs. 23.1%; p=0.01). Sequelae of clinical relevance were recorded in 59 patients (34%), and proved serious in 64% of the cases. The mortality rate among the patients with SHI was 24.7%, and mortality was significantly associated with a lower GCS score, hyperglycemia, intracranial hypertension and the presence of mydriasis or shock. The mortality rate associated to severe DEI was significantly higher than in the case of mild-moderate DEI (87.5 vs. 7.2%; p<0.001). The independent mortality risk factors in the pediatric patients with SHI were found to be the presence of mydriasis (OR: 31.27), intracranial hypertension (OR: 13.23) and hyperglycemia (OR: 3.10). CONCLUSIONS: a) SHI in pediatric patients was associated with high morbidity-mortality; b) intracranial hypertension was associated to the development of serious sequelae; c) independent mortality risk factors were the existence of mydriasis, intracranial hypertension and hyperglycemia.


Subject(s)
Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Injury Severity Score , Male , Retrospective Studies
4.
Med Intensiva ; 35(6): 331-6, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21496963

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and evolutive characteristics of pediatric patients with severe head injury (SHI). MATERIAL AND METHOD: A review was made of the patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with SHI between July 1983 and December 2009. RESULTS: Of the 389 patients with head injuries admitted to the PICU during the study period, 174 (45%) presented SHI. The mean age in this group was of 67±9 months, with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 5.5±1.8 and a PRISM score of 10.7±6.7. The most frequent etiology of SHI was traffic accidents (56%), though these have decreased significantly in the last decade (58.5% vs 45.3%; P<.001). Twenty-one percent of the patients required evacuation of the lesions detected by computed tomography (CT), and 39% presented severe diffuse encephalic injury (DEI). Seventy-nine percent of the patients in whom intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored presented intracranial hypertension. Sequelae of clinical relevance were recorded in 59 patients (39%), and proved serious in 64% of the cases. The mortality rate in this patient series was 24.7%. Intracranial hypertension decreased significantly in the last decade (88% vs 54%; P<.05), and clinical recovery has improved (23.3% vs 63.1%; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: a) The incidence of traffic accidents has decreased in the last decade in the studied population; b) patients with SHI in which ICP was monitored showed a high incidence of intracranial hypertension; c) morbidity-mortality among pediatric patients with SHI has decreased over the course of the study period.


Subject(s)
Craniocerebral Trauma , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Female , Humans , Injury Severity Score , Male , Retrospective Studies
5.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 27(3): 155-161, mar. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24280

ABSTRACT

Describir las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes pediátricos con traumatismo craneoencefálico grave (TCEG) y los factores asociados con la mortalidad.Revisión de los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de medicina intensiva pediátrica (UMIP) con TCEG en el período comprendido entre julio de 1983 y enero de 2001.De los 262 pacientes con TCE ingresados en nuestra unidad durante el período de estudio, presentaron TCEG 125 (48 por ciento). La edad media de este grupo fue de 69,1 (41,5) meses, con una puntuación media en la escala de Glasgow (GCS) de 5,4 (1,8). El 43 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron lesión encefálica difusa (LED) grave en la TAC.En 32 pacientes (26 por ciento) se objetivaron secuelas de relevancia clínica, que fueron graves en un 66 por ciento de los casos. Un 75 por ciento de los pacientes en los que se monitorizó la presión intracraneal (PIC) presentaron hipertensión endocraneal (HTC). La mortalidad de los pacientes con TCEG fue de un 29 por ciento y se asoció de forma significativa a una menor puntuación del GCS, a la existencia de hiperglucemia o HTC, a la presencia de midriasis o shock y a la necesidad de ventilación mecánica. La mortalidad de la LED grave fue significativamente más elevada que la LED leve-moderada (69 frente a 6 por ciento; p < 0,001) y que la lesión focal (69 frente a 26 por ciento; p < 0,001). Los factores responsables de la mortalidad de forma independiente en los pacientes pediátricos con TCEG fueron la existencia de midriasis (p = 0,001), shock (p = 0,03) y LED grave en la TAC (p = 0,08).La morbimortalidad de la población estudiada con TCEG coincide globalmente con la mayoría de las series publicadas; b) la menor puntuación en la escala de Glasgow y la mayor afección en la TAC inicial se asociaron a una mayor mortalidad; c) los pacientes con TCEG en los que se monitorizó la PIC presentaron una alta incidencia de HTC; d) los factores de riesgo causantes de mortalidad fueron la midriasis, el shock y la lesión encefálica difusa grave en la TAC (AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Infant , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Craniocerebral Trauma/mortality , Clinical Evolution , Prognosis , Respiration, Artificial , Respiration, Artificial/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Predictive Value of Tests , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/classification , Craniocerebral Trauma/therapy
7.
Cir Pediatr ; 9(1): 17-20, 1996 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8962801

ABSTRACT

Children with splenic trauma are managed conservatively in most circumstances, and the need for surgical interventions is very rare. When a surgical exploration is mandatory, splenic preservation is a worthwhile objective, using various suture methods, biomaterials, or resorbable prosteses. We present our experience over the 4 years with 9 severe splenic injuries. Six of this patients were treated operatively with a reabsorvable mesh, while the other 3 were managed percutaneosly by selective embolization of the splenic artery under fluoroscopic control. We describe our experience in the treatment of the splenic injuries in the last four years.


Subject(s)
Embolization, Therapeutic , Spleen/injuries , Spleen/surgery , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...