ABSTRACT
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities characterised by central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and dysregulation of blood glucose, which is associated with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and overall mortality. White blood cell count is a selective marker of acute infection and inflammation, which could provide information on the metabolic status of subjects. This study aims to provide the best evidence on the association between MetS and white blood cell count by determining the effect size of this biomarker. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies indexed in the PubMed and Scopus databases were performed. Methodological quality was assessed using the STROBE tool, overall risk of bias using RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration), and quality of evidence using Grade Pro. Results: We included 14 articles comparing leukocyte concentrations in 21,005 subjects with MetS and 66,339 controls. Subjects with MetS had a higher mean leukocyte count, 0.64 cells ×109/L; CI95% 0.55-0.72; p < 0.00001; I2 = 93%. Conclusions: An in-depth evaluation of the relationship of leukocytes in the pathophysiological process of MetS could lead to new insights into early diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities characterised by hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidaemia and dysregulation of blood glucose, associated with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. The presence of elevated liver enzymes may precede the development of MetS, with alterations of the liver being observed that are directly related to metabolic problems. The study aims to provide the best evidence on the association between liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) and MetS by determining the effect size of these biomarkers. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies indexed in PubMed and Scopus databases were performed. Study quality was assessed using the STROBE tool. The Grade Pro tool was used to evaluate the evidence, and the quantitative synthesis was performed using RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration). RESULTS: Seventeen articles comparing liver enzyme concentrations between 76,686 with MetS (MetS+) and 201,855 without MetS (MetS-) subjects were included. The concentration of ALT, AST and GGT in the MetS + subjects was significantly higher than in the control group 7.13 IU/L (CI95% 5.73-8.54; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%), 2.68 IU/L (CI95% 1.82-3.54; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%) and 11.20 IU/L (CI95% 7.11-15.29; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of the relationship of liver enzymes in the pathophysiological process of MetS could lead to new insights into early diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The coexistence of malnutrition due to over- and under-nutrition in the Peruvian Amazon increases chronic diseases and cardiovascular risk. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a male population where anthropometric, clinical, and demographic variables were obtained to create a binary logistic regression predictive model of cardiovascular risk. RESULTS: We compared two methods with good predictive results, finally choosing Model 4 (r2 = 0.57, sensitivity 73.68%, specificity 95.35%, Youden index 0.69, and validity index 94.21), with non-invasive variables such as blood pressure (p < 0.001), hip circumference (p < 0.001), and FINDRISC test result (p < 0.05); Conclusions: We developed a cheap, fast, and non-invasive tool to determine cardiovascular risk in the population of this endemic area.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to identify lifestyles associated with loss of health among workers. A retrospective longitudinal incidence study was carried out over a three-year period (2015, 2016, and 2017) among the working population. A total of 240 workers were analysed using information from occupational health assessments. The outcome variable was loss of health due to common illness or workplace injury, quantified by the number of days each episode lasted. Predictor variables were age, gender, type of work, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, physical activity (IPAQ), and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD). An adjusted multiple linear regression was performed, determining the goodness of fit of the final model using the coefficient of determination adjusted r2. During the study, 104 men (58.8%) and 25 women (39.7%) suffered an episode of illness or workplace injury (p < 0.05). The overall incidence was 17.9% people/year 95% CI [15, 21.3]. 4.6% of the workers were sedentary or engaged in light physical activity, and 59.2% maintained an adequate AMD. Workers who engaged in high levels of physical activity had an average of 36.3 days of temporary disability compared to 64.4 days for workers with low-moderate levels of physical activity (p < 0.01).
