ABSTRACT
The evolution of the diagnosis of infectious diseases began with the observation of the morphological characteristics of organisms such as ascaris and whipworms, followed by the use of the microscope and haematoxylin and eosin stains, which allowed recognition of microscopic characteristics undetectable with the naked eye, such as the viral cytopathic changes of herpes and the presence of fungi. Patterns of acute and chronic granulomatous inflammation were also observed; these were not specific to the exact aetiology of the disease, which led to the introduction of special methenamine stains for fungi and Ziehl-Neelsen for fungi and mycobacteria. Later, the use of immunohistochemistry was introduced, which acknowledged the use of antibodies to classify microorganisms and detect cases that were either difficult to interpret or in the midst of severe inflammatory processes. Currently, the use of molecular biology has made it possible to reach diagnoses that would have been very difficult to obtain through traditional methods; these techniques show key specific characteristics and facilitate the diagnosis of various infectious pathologies. These new techniques are based on the detection of antigens and nucleic acids of microorganisms, an important advance in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Subject(s)
Histocytological Preparation Techniques , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/pathology , Microbiological Techniques , Humans , Infections/microbiology , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Las recomendaciones para la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama se desarrollaron y aprobaron en 1997 por el Instituto Nacional de Cáncer en Bethesda, Estados Unidos y fueron adaptadas a nuestro país en 2007, sin embargo, en los últimos años no se han realizado cambios formales en estas indicaciones. El objetivo de este módulo es presentar la actualización del reporte de biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama, usando el sistema de reporte Bethesda, realizado por consenso con un grupo de patólogos, clínicos, radiólogos, cirujanos de mama y otros profesionales de la salud de Colombia y otros países, y con base en la experiencia realizando biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina de mama del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe y de Dinámica IPS.
Recommendations for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy were developed and approved in 1997 by The National Cancer Institute of Bethesda, United States, , and were adapted to our country on 2007, however, in last years these indications have not changed in a formal manner. The purpose of this review was to provide an update of the report for breast fine needle aspiration biopsy using the Bethesda system. This guide was made by consensus with pathologists, clinicians, radiologists, breast surgeons and other health professionals of Colombia and other countries. The update was basis on the experience of Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe and Dinamica IPS in performing breast fine needle aspiration biopsy.
