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1.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 57(4): 320-328, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092729

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Los médicos que realizarán el servicio rural peruano estarán muy expuestos a la soledad, problemas laborales y otros, que pueden tener repercusiones mentales. El objetivo fue determinar los factores asociados a la depresión entre los médicos que trabajarán en zonas rurales del Perú. Método: Estudio observacional, de corte transversal y analítico, de datos secundarios. Las encuestas se recolectaron entre los médicos peruanos recién graduados que realizarían en pocas semanas el Servicio Rural y Urbano-Marginal en Salud. Se definió depresión según el test de Zung, asociándose a variables sociales y educativas. Resultados: De los 704 encuestados, el 30,0% (211) tenía un puntaje mayor a 50 (deprimido), el 67,0% (471) tuvieron un puntaje cercano al punto de corte para depresión. En el análisis multivariado, estuvo asociado a una mayor frecuencia de depresión el sexo femenino (RPa: 1,09; IC95%: 1,09-1,10; valor p<0,001), el tener una pareja sentimental (RPa: 1,12; IC95%: 1,12- 1,13; valor p<0,001), el haber estudiado en una universidad de Lima (RPa: 1,07; IC95%: 1,06-1,09; valor p<0,001) y el tener familiares médicos (RPa: 1,20; IC95%: 1,09-1,33; valor p<0,001); ajustadas por tres variables. Conclusiones: Se encontró un importante porcentaje de médicos que tenían depresión, otro grupo mayor que estaba cerca de tenerlo. Es importante realizar programas de salud mental entre los médicos que realizarán actividad rural, ya que las condiciones de su trabajo podrían generar problemas en distintos aspectos de la vida profesional.


Introduction: The doctors who perform the Peruvian service will be very exposed to loneliness, labor problems and others, which can have mental repercussions. The objective was to determine factors associated with depression among physicians who worked in rural Peru. Method: Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study of secondary data. Surveys were collected from newly graduated Peruvian doctors who conducted the Rural and Urban-Marginal Health Service in a few weeks. Depression was defined according to the Zung test, being associated to social and educational variables. Results: Of the 704 respondents, 30.0% (211) had a score higher than 50 (depressed), 67.0% (471) had a score close to the cut-off point for depression. In the multivariate analysis, it was associated with a higher frequency of female depression (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.09-1.10, p value <0.001), having a sentimental partner (RPa: 1, 12, 95% CI: 1.12-1.13, p value <0.001), having studied at a university in Lima (RP: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06-1.09, p value <0.001) And having medical relatives (RP: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09-1.33, p value <0.001); Adjusted by three variables. Conclusions: We found a significant percentage of physicians who had depression, another major group that was close to having it. It is important to carry out mental health programs among the doctors who perform the rural activity, since the conditions of their work generate problems in the styles of professional life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Physicians , Work , Rural Areas , Mental Health , Depression , Loneliness , Peru , Surveys and Questionnaires , Observational Study
2.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Espec. Med. Trab ; 28(2): 117-125, jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-186003

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: caracterizar la bioseguridad respiratoria que practican los trabajadores en catorce ciudades del Perú. Metodología: trabajo transversal descriptivo de tipo multicéntrico, a través de una encuesta auto-aplicada, donde se consultó temas relacionados con la bioseguridad respiratoria y de las prácticas de higiene que tenían. Estos se describieron con frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: de los 4287 encuestados, el 68% (2913) fueron hombres, la mediana de edades fue de 31 años (rango intercuartílico: 24-40 años). El 91% y el 53% sabían para que se usan las mascarillas respiratorias y la forma de trasmisión de las enfermedades respiratorias, respectivamente. El 46% se auto-medica cuando está resfriado; se han vacunado contra la gripe estacional entre 31-41% para los trabajadores, familiares o compañeros de trabajos, estos porcentajes suben cuando se les preguntó si se vacunarían el año en curso y la mayoría de los que no se vacunarían es porque no saben dónde (rango: 35-40%); el brazo y la mano son los más usados para cubrirse cuando estornudan. Conclusión: estas características muestran a una población que puede ser susceptible a contraer y trasmitir enfermedades respiratorias, por lo que se deben tomar medidas de educación e intervenciones para la mejora del conocimiento/actitudes y la generación de prácticas adecuadas


Objective: to describe biosecurity of respiratory diseases practiced by workers in fourteen cities of Peru. Methodology: a descriptive multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out in February through a self-administered questionnaire, where some concepts related to biosecurity of respiratory diseases and hygiene practices were asked. These were described in frequencies and percentages. Results: Of the 4287 respondents, 68% (2913) were men; the average age was 31 years piloto(interquartile range: 24-40 years). 91% and 53% knew what respiratory masks are used for and how respiratory diseases are transmitted, respectively. 46% self-medicate when they have the cold; 31-41% of workers, relatives or co-workers have been vaccinated against seasonal flu, these percentages go up when they were asked if they would be vaccinated in current year and most would not be vaccinated because they do not know where (Range: 35-40%); the arm and the hand are the most used to cover when sneezing. Conclusion: These characteristics show a population that may be susceptible to get and transmit respiratory diseases, so educational measures and interventions should be taken to improve knowledge/attitudes and to create good practices


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Containment of Biohazards/methods , Masks/statistics & numerical data , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control , Respiratory Tract Infections/transmission , Pilot Projects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Peru
3.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 56(2): 110-116, jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959463

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y los factores asociados al consumo alcohólico de riesgo en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Huancayo. Materiales y Método: Estudio transversal analítico; mediante una encuesta se aplicó el test AUDIT (consumo alcohólico de riesgo), Beck (depresión) y otras variables socio-educativas en las tres universidades de la ciudad de Huancayo (Privadas: UPLA, UC; y la pública: UNCP). Se obtuvo estadísticos de asociación mediante los modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: De los 356 estudiantes encuestados, el 54% (191) fueron mujeres, con una mediana de 21 años de edad (rango intercuartílico: 19-22 años). El 25% tuvo consumo riesgoso de alcohol, con rangos de 16-33% para cada universidad. En el análisis bivariado, se encontró asociación entre el sexo femenino y mayor consumo riesgoso de alcohol (RPc: 1,13; IC 95%: 1,01-1,28). En el análisis multivariado hubo relación con el sexo femenino (RPa: 1,15; IC 95%: 1,10-1,19; valor p < 0,001), con facultades de ciencias de la salud frente a humanidades (RPa: 0,34; IC 95%: 0,13-0,90; valor p = 0,030) y la presencia de síntomas depresivos (RPa: 2,45; IC 95%: 2,18-2,76; valor p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Gran cantidad de estudiantes presentaron alcoholismo, y estuvo asociado al sexo femenino, con facultades de ciencias de la salud frente a humanidades y la presencia de síntomas depresivos.


Objective: To determine the frequency and associated factors to risky alcohol intake in university students of the city of Huancayo. Materials and Method: Analytical cross-sectional study; by a survey of the AUDIT test (risky alcoholic consumption), Beck (depression) and other socioeducational variables were applied in the three universities of the city of Huancayo (UPLA, UC and UNCP). Association statistics were obtained by generalized linear models. Results: Of the 356 students surveyed, 54% (191) were women, with a median age of 21 years (interquartile range: 19-22 years). 25% had a risky consumption of alcohol, with ranges of 16-33% for each university. In the bivariate analysis, highest risky alcohol consumption was associated to female sex (PRc: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.28). In the multivariate analysis risky alcohol consumption was associated to the female sex (aPR: 1.15,95% CI: 1.10-1.19, p value < 0.001), with health sciences faculty versus humanities (aPR: 0, 34; 95% CI: 0.13-0.90, p-value = 0.030) and the presence of depressive symptoms (aPR: 2.45, 95% CI: 2.18-2.76, p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: Large number of students had risky alcohol consumption, and this is the one that is assoaciated to the female sex, with health sciences faculty in front of humanities and the presence of depressive symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Risk-Taking , Students , Universities , Alcohol Drinking in College , Peru , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study
4.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 140(2): 184-190, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29044510

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth and its associated factors in Peru. METHODS: In an observational cross-sectional study, women were surveyed within 48 hours of live delivery at 14 hospitals located in nine Peruvian cities between April and July 2016. The survey was based on seven categories of disrespect and abuse proposed by Bowser and Hill. To evaluate factors associated with each category, prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using adjusted Poisson models with robust variances. RESULTS: Among 1528 participants, 1488 (97.4%) had experienced at least one category of disrespect and abuse. Frequency of abandonment of care was increased with cesarean delivery (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03-1.57) but decreased in the jungle region (PR 0.27, 0.14-0.53). Discrimination was associated with the jungle region (PR 5.67, 2.32-13.88). Physical abuse was less frequent with cesarean than vaginal delivery (PR 0.23, 0.11-0.49). The prevalences of abandonment of care (PR 0.42, 0.29-0.60), non-consented care (PR 0.70, 0.57-0.85), discrimination (PR 0.40, 0.19-0.85), and non-confidential care (PR 0.71, 0.55-0.93) were decreased among women who had been referred. CONCLUSION: Nearly all participants reported having experienced at least one category of disrespect and abuse during childbirth care, which was associated with type of delivery, being referred, and geographic region.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Maternal Health Services/standards , Parturition/psychology , Physical Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Professional-Patient Relations , Adult , Battered Women/psychology , Battered Women/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data , Female , Health Care Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Peru/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Quality of Health Care , Young Adult
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