ABSTRACT
The experimental (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of 1H-pyrazole was recorded in thermotropic nematic liquid crystal N-(p-ethoxybenzylidene)-p-butylaniline (EBBA) within the temperature range of 299-308 K. Two of three observable dipolar DHH -couplings appeared to be equal at each temperature because of fast prototropic tautomerism. Analysis of the Saupe orientational order parameters using fixed geometry determined by computations and experimental dipolar couplings results in a situation in which the molecular orientation relative to the magnetic field (and the liquid crystal director) can be described exceptionally by a single parameter. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ABSTRACT
The synthesis of novel galactosides is interesting because of their important role in several biological processes. Their properties greatly depend upon the configuration and type of galactoside. Therefore, to study biological activity, it is essential to elucidate the structure of the products. Glycosidases are capable of catalyzing glycosidic linkages with absolute stereoselectivity of the anomeric center. We report the enzymatic synthesis of galactosyl-ethylene glycol, galactosyl-glycerol, and galactosyl-erythritol by immobilized beta-galactosidase from Aspegillus oryzae. The obtained galactosides were isolated and fully characterized by an extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study. Complete structure elucidation and full proton and carbon assignments were carried out using 1D ((1)H and (13)C) and 2D (gCOSY, TOCSY, multiplicity-edited gHSQC, and gHMBC) NMR experiments. The beta-galactosidase from A. oryzae showed a strong preference for primary alcohols. For galactosyl-glycerol and galactosyl-erythritol, this preference generated one and two chiral centers, respectively, and a mixture of stereoisomers was obtained as a consequence.