[Relationship of the elderly nutrition knowledge and their education level in Nanjing].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of the elderly nutrition knowledge, eating behavior and BMI status with their education level. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed to investigate 1367 elders in 26 nursing homes and communities of Nanjing. RESULTS: Accoording to the education lever, elders nutrition knowledge in college and high school was more than that in middle and primary school, significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Elders in college and high school groups could obtain much more informations via diversification, such as book, journal or magazine, interpersonal communication and TV or radio. While, 50% elders in lower education groups (middle and primary school) usually watch TV or lisen to the radio get knowledge. The higher education level, the higher income for elders. For this reason, their dietary structure and eating behavior were tending to be reasonable. Compared with the education lever, age and BMI, the effect of age on BMI was more than education lever. The ratio of weight loss and obesity in 75 years old was clearly increased, their nutrition supplment needs more care. CONCLUSION: elderly education lever was a key factor on their nutrition knowledge and eating behavior (P = 0.00). In college and high school groups, elders nutrition knowledge and income were better than lower education level. However, the age was closed relative to BMI. When elders was over 75 years old, their body weight tend to loss or over and need more nutritional attention.

Candidate gene expression affects intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition in pigs.

The objective of this study was to correlate the expression pattern of candidate genes with the intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of Duroc × Shanzhu commercial crossbred pigs. Animals of both sexes were slaughtered at a body weight of about 90 kg. The IMF content and fatty acid composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle were measured and correlated with candidate genes mRNA expression (AdPLA, ADRB3, LEPR, MC4R, PPARγ, PPARα, LPL, PEPCK, and SCD). Females presented higher IMF content (p < 0.05) than males. The total saturated fatty acid (SFA) in males was greater (p < 0.01), whereas the total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (p < 0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (p < 0.05) were lower than in females. The expressions of AdPLA, MC4R, PEPCK, and SCD correlated with the IMF content (p < 0.05). AdPLA showed a positive association with MUFA and a negative association with SFA (p < 0.05). LEPR and MC4R were both positively and significantly associated with C18:3 and C20:0 (p < 0.05). PPARα and PPARγ were negatively correlated with SFA, and PPARγ was positively associated with MUFA (p < 0.05). LPL was positively associated with MUFA and negatively associated with SFA (p < 0.05). PEPCK was negatively correlated with PUFA (p < 0.05). SCD was positively associated with MUFA (p < 0.05). The revealed correlations may confirm that these candidate genes are important for fat deposition and fatty acid composition in pigs, and the evaluation and use of these genes may be useful for improving porcine meat quality.