The Fusion Application of Deep Learning Biological Image Visualization Technology and Human-Computer Interaction Intelligent Robot in Dance Movements.

The paper aims to apply the deep learning-based image visualization technology to extract, recognize, and analyze human skeleton movements and evaluate the effect of the deep learning-based human-computer interaction (HCI) system. Dance education is researched. Firstly, the Visual Geometry Group Network (VGGNet) is optimized using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then, the VGGNet extracts the human skeleton movements in the OpenPose database. Secondly, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is optimized and recognizes human skeleton movements. Finally, an HCI system for dance education is designed based on the extraction and recognition methods of human skeleton movements. Results demonstrate that the highest extraction accuracy is 96%, and the average recognition accuracy of different dance movements is stable. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified. The recognition accuracy of the optimized F-Multiple LSTMs is increased to 88.9%, suitable for recognizing human skeleton movements. The dance education HCI system's interactive accuracy built by deep learning-based visualization technology reaches 92%; the overall response time is distributed between 5.1 s and 5.9 s. Hence, the proposed model has excellent instantaneity. Therefore, the deep learning-based image visualization technology has enormous potential in human movement recognition, and combining deep learning and HCI plays a significant role.

Zirconium-oxo Nodes of MOFs with Tunable Electronic Properties Provide Effective ⋠OH Species for Enhanced Methane Hydroxylation.

Direct conversion of methane to high value-added oxygenates under mild conditions has attracted extensive interest. However, the over-oxidation of target products is usually unavoidable due to the easily excessive activation of C-H bond on the sites of supported metal species. Here, we identified the most efficient Zr-oxo nodes of UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) catalysts for the selective oxidation of methane with H2 O2 . These nodes were modified by three types of benzene 1, 4-dicarboxylates (NH2 -BDC, H2 BDC, and NO2 -BDC). Detailed characterizations and DFT calculations revealed that these ligands can effectively tune the electronic properties of Zr-oxo nodes and the H2 BDC ligand led to optimal electronic density of Zr-oxo nodes in UiO-66. Thus the UiO-66-H catalyst promoted the formation of ⋅OH species that adsorbed on Zr-oxo nodes, and facilitated the activation of methane with a lower energy barrier and subsequent conversion to hydroxylation oxygenates with 100 % selectivity.

Interleukin-1ß enhances the expression of two antimicrobial peptides in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) against Vibrio mimicus via activating NF-κB pathway.

Vibrio mimicus (V. mimicus) is a pathogen causing serious vibriosis in aquatic animals. Hepcidin and ß-Defensin1 are two important antibacterial peptides (AMPs) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in fish. In mammals, some evidences demonstrated that interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) primarily promote AMPs expression via activating classical NF-κB pathway, but it still remains unclear in fish. Here, the temporal and spatial expression patterns of grass carp IL-1ß (gcIL-1ß) gene and two AMPs genes (gchepcidin and gcß-defensin1) in tissues post-V. mimicus infection and anti-V. mimicus activity of these two AMPs in vitro were detected, showing that V. mimicus infection significantly elevated the mRNA levels of these three genes in the immune-related tissues although their expression patterns were not entirely consistent, and both gcHepcidin and gcß-Defensin1 possessed anti-V. mimicus activity in vitro. Subsequently, the recombinant gcIL-1ß (rgcIL-1ß) was expressed prokaryotically in an inclusion body, which could promote proliferation of grass carp head kidney leukocytes (gcHKLs) and enhance respiratory burst activity and phagocytic activity of head kidney macrophages. Stimulation with rgcIL-1ß was able to significantly regulate the mRNA expression of key regulatory genes (il-1RI, traf6, tak1, ikkß, iκBα and p65) involved in the activation of classical NF-κB pathway, and then induce gcTAK1 phosphorylation, promote gcp65 nuclear translocation and enhance endogenous gcIL-1ß expression at both mRNA and protein levels, implying NF-κB pathway was activated. More importantly, exogenous rgcIL-1ß stimulation also significantly up-regulated both gcHepcidin and gcß-Defensin1 mRNA levels against V. mimicus, and the regulatory effect was blocked or inhibited by NF-κB inhibitor PDTC. Taken together, our results demonstrated for the first time that grass carp IL-1ß stimulation could significantly enhance the expression of these two anti-V.mimicus AMPs via activating classical NF-κB pathway.

Antinociceptive C19-diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Aconitum pseudostapfianum.

Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Aconitum pseudostapfianum resulted in the isolation of three new aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, pseudostapines A-C (1-3). Their structures were determined by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, NOESY and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. The isolated alkaloids were tested in vivo for their antinociceptive potential. As a result, pseudostapine C (3) showed 2-fold more potent antinociceptive effect (ID50 = 60.3 µmol/kg) than the positive control drugs aspirin and acetaminophen.

LncRNA C9orf139 can regulate the growth of pancreatic cancer by mediating the miR-663a/Sox12 axis.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have proved the important role of many oncogenic long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of pancreatic cancer, but little is known about the mechanisms of tumor suppression in pancreatic cancer. AIM: To evaluate the function of tumor suppressor lncRNA C9orf139 in pancreatic cancer progression and to study the underlying mechanism. METHODS: We assigned 54 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated at our hospital to the patient group and 30 normal subjects undergoing physical examination to the control group. RT-qPCR was used to measure the relative expression of C9orf139 in the tissue and serum of patients, in an attempt to investigate the prognostic value of C9orf139 in pancreatic cancer patients. The luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to determine the interaction between C9orf139 and miR-663a. The biological function of C9orf139 was assessed by in vitro assays and in vivo subcutaneous tumor formation tests in animal models. To figure out the molecular mechanism of C9orf139 to act on miR-663a/Sox12, RNA pull-down, Western blot assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed. RESULTS: C9orf139 level significantly increased in the tissue and serum of patients, which had clinical diagnostic value for pancreatic cancer. Patients with high C9orf139 expression had a higher risk of progressing to stage III + IV, lymph node metastasis, and poor differentiation. Cox regression analysis suggested that C9orf139, tumor-node-metastasis stage, and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors in patients. The underlying mechanism of C9orf139 was that it promoted the growth of pancreatic cancer cells by modulating the miR-663a/Sox12 axis. CONCLUSION: C9orf139 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, qualified to be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer. Its promotion of pancreatic cancer cell growth is achieved by mediating the miR-663a/Sox12 axis.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of grass carp intestines after vaccination with a double-targeted DNA vaccine of Vibrio mimicus.

Intestinal mucosal immunity plays a vital role against Vibrio mimicus infection because it is an enteric pathogen causing serious vibriosis in fish. In the previous studies, we developed an oral double-targeted DNA vaccine of V. mimicus and demonstrated that the vaccine could elicit significantly higher intestinal mucosal immune response than did naked DNA vaccine. But, little is known underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms of the enhanced intestinal mucosal immunity. Here the transcriptome and proteome in the intestines of the grass carps immunized or not with the double-targeted DNA vaccine were investigated by using RNA-seq and iTRAQ-coupled LC-MS/MS. Compared with the control group, a total of 5339 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1173 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the immunized fish intestines. Subsequently, the integrated analysis between transcriptome and proteome data revealed that 250 DEPs were matched with the corresponding DEGs (named associated DEPs/DEGs) at both transcriptome and proteome levels. Fifty of all the associated DEPs/DEGs were immune-related and mainly enriched in phagosome, antigen-processing and presentation, complement and coagulation cascades, NLRs and MAPK signaling pathways via Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses, which suggested the coordination of the five activated pathways was essential to the enhanced intestinal mucosal immune response in the immunized fish. The protein-protein interaction analysis showed that 60 of the 63 immune-related DEPs to form an integrated network. Additionally, randomly selected DEGs and DEPs were respectively validated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assay, indicating that the both RNA-Seq and iTRAQ results in the study were reliable. Overall, our comprehensive transcriptome and proteome data provide some key genes and their protein products for further research on the regulatory molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced intestinal mucosal immunity.

Novel peptides screened by phage display peptide library can mimic epitopes of the FnBPA-A protein and induce protective immunity against Staphylococcus aureus in mice.

Fibronectin-binding protein A (FnBPA) is a key adhesin of Staphylococcus aureus, and the protein binding to fibrinogen and elastin is mediated by its N-terminal A domain. Thus, FnBPA-A has been considered a potential vaccine candidate, but the relevant epitopes are not fully understood. Here, purified rabbit anti-FnBPA-A antibodies were produced and used to screen for peptides corresponding to or mimicking the epitope of native FnBPA-A protein by using a phage random 12-mer peptide library. After four rounds of panning, 25 randomly selected phage clones were detected by phage-ELISA and competition-inhibition ELISA. Then, eight anti-rFnBPA-A antibody-binding phage clones were selected for sequencing, and six different 12-mer peptides were displayed by these phages. Although these displayed peptides shared no more than three consecutive amino acid residues identical to the sequence of FnBPA-A, they could be recognized by the FnBPA-A-specific antibodies in vitro and could induce specific antibodies against FnBPA-A in vivo, suggesting that these displayed peptides were mimotopes of FnBPA-A. Finally, the protective efficiencies of these mimotopes were investigated by mouse vaccination and challenge experiments. Compared with that of control group mice, the relative percent survival of mice immunized with phage clones displaying a mimotope was 13.33% (C2 or C15), 0% (C8), 6.67% (C10), 26.67% (C19 or 1:2 mixture of C23 and C19), 53.33% (C23), 33.33% (1:1 mixture of C23 and C19), and 66.67% (2:1 mixture of C23 and C19). Overall, five peptides mimicking FnBPA-A protein epitopes were obtained, and a partially protective immunity against S. aureus infection could be stimulated by these mimotope peptides in mice.

Association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in the Han Chinese population.

Many epidemiologic studies have reported that alcohol is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. To further evaluate the association, we carried out a case-control study in the Han Chinese population. From February 2008 to February 2013, we carried out a hospital-based case-control study on colorectal cancer. Information was collected using a questionnaire. Cases were 310 patients with colorectal cancer; 620 healthy matched controls were also recruited. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Alcohol consumption was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk, but OR was significant only among heavy drinkers (OR=2.18, for ≥21 drinks/week). Colorectal cancer risk was 4.01-fold higher in heavy smokers (≥20 cigarettes/day) and heavy drinkers (≥21 drinks/week) in comparison with never smokers who consumed less than 7 drinks/week. The relationship was strengthened by stratified studies of sex. Among former drinkers, the excess of risk disappeared in those who had quit for at least 10 years (OR=0.86). Our study confirmed that heavy alcohol consumption was associated with an increasing risk of colorectal cancer; smoking modified this relationship, especially heavy smokers. Further data from large cohorts are desirable for conclusive confirmation.

Identification of three novel B-cell epitopes of VMH protein from Vibrio mimicus by screening a phage display peptide library.

Vibrio mimicus is the causative agent of ascites disease in fish. The heat-labile hemolytic toxin designated VMH is an immunoprotective antigen of V. mimicus. However, its epitopes have not been well characterized. Here, a commercially available phage displayed 12-mer peptide library was used to screen epitopes of VMH protein using polyclonal rabbit anti-rVMH protein antibodies, and then five positive phage clones were identified by sandwich and competitive ELISA. Sequences analysis showed that the motif of DPTLL displayed on phage clone 15 and the consensus motif of SLDDDST displayed on the clone 4/11 corresponded to the residues 134-138 and 238-244 of VMH protein, respectively, and the synthetic motif peptides could also be recognized by anti-rVMH-HD antibody in peptide-ELISA. Thus, both motifs DPTLL and SLDDDST were identified as minimal linear B-cell epitopes of VMH protein. Although no similarity was found between VMH protein and the consensus motif of ADGLVPR displayed on the clone 2/6, the synthetic peptide ADGLVPR could absorb anti-rVMH-HD antibody and inhibit the antibody binding to rVMH protein in enhanced chemoluminescence Western blotting, whereas irrelevant control peptide did not affect the antibody binding with rVMH. These results revealed that the peptide ADGLVPR was a mimotope of VMH protein. Taken together, three novel B-cell epitopes of VMH protein were identified, which provide a foundation for developing epitope-based vaccine against V. mimicus infection in fish.

Avian leukosis virus subgroup J triggers caspase-1-mediated inflammatory response in chick livers.

Many pathogens trigger caspase-1-mediated innate immune responses. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) causes serious immunosuppression and diverse tumors in chicks. The caspase-1 inflammasome mechanism of response to ALV-J invading remains unclear. Here we investigated the expression of caspase-1, the inflammasome adaptor NLRP3, IL-1ß and IL-18 in response to ALV-J infection in the liver of chick. We found caspase-1 mRNA expression was elevated at 5 dpi and peaked at 7 dpi in ALV-J infected animals. Corresponding to this, the expressions of NLRP3 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and IL-18 were significantly increased at 5 or 7 dpi. In addition, caspase-1 protein expression and inflammatory cell infiltration were induced after virus infection. These results indicated that ALV-J infection could trigger the caspase-1- mediated inflammatory response in chicks. Thus, an understanding of the inflammatory responses can provide a better insight into the pathogenicity of ALV-J and a possible anti-virus target for ALV-J infection.

[Monitor of Cyanobacteria Bloom in Lake Taihu from 2001 to 2013 Based on MODIS Temporal Spectral Data].

Algal bloom highly impacts the ecological balance of inland lakes. Remote sensing provides real-time and large-scale observations, which plays an increasingly significant role in the monitoring of algal bloom. Various Vegetation Indices (VIs) derived from satellite images have been used to monitor algae. With threshold segmentation of VI, the area of algal bloom can be extracted from images. However, the result of threshold segmentation only reflects the condition of algae when images were generated. Compared to separated VI data obtained at a particular moment of time, temporal spectral VI data contains phonological information of algae, which may be used to evaluate algal bloom more accurately and comprehensively. This study chose MODIS NDVI data of the Lake Taihu from 2001 to 2013, and constructed temporal spectral data for each year. Then, we determined the feature temporal spectra of severe cyanobacteria bloom, moderate cyanobacteria bloom, slight cyanobacteria bloom and aquatic plants, and separated these four kinds of objects using SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm, getting the spatial distribution and area of them. In order to compare the results of our method with traditional threshold segmentation method, we chose 8 separated NDVI images from the temporal spectral data of 2007. With the threshold 0.2 and 0.4, cyanobacteria bloom was classified into three degrees: severe cyanobacteria bloom, moderate cyanobacteria bloom, and slight cyanobacteria bloom. By comparison, it showed that our method reflected cyanobacteria bloom more comprehensively, and could distinguish cyanobacteria and aquatic plants using the phonological information provided by NDVI temporal spectra. This study provides important information for monitoring the algal bloom trends and degrees of inland lakes, and temporal spectral method may be used in the forecast of algal bloom in the future.

Characterization of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas using sonographic features in malignant papillary thyroid cancer: a retrospective analysis.

The diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules is still a clinical challenge. This study aimed to determine the ultrasonographic characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The ultrasonographic and pathological data of 2453 thyroid nodules in a cohort of 1895 Chinese patients who underwent thyroidectomy from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Anteroposterior and transversal (AP/TR) diameters ≥1, solid structure, infiltrative margins, hypoechoic appearance, and microcalcifications were more common in malignant nodules than in benign nodules (P < 0.01). These ultrasonographic features were independent risk factors of malignancy (P < 0.01) as determined by logistic regression analysis. Based on multivariate analysis, these characteristics were also present in large nodules (diameter >10 mm). However, in small nodules (diameter ≤10 mm), only AP/TR ≥1 and infiltrative margins were independent risk factors of malignancy (P < 0.01). Ultrasonography is of high diagnostic value for malignant thyroid nodules and may help to improve the differential diagnosis. Small and large nodules have distinct ultrasonographic features.

Design and evaluation of a tandemly arranged outer membrane protein U (OmpU) multi-epitope as a potential vaccine antigen against Vibrio mimicus in grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Vibrio mimicus (V. mimicus) is an extracellular pathogen that causes ascites disease in aquatic animals. In our previous studies, the outer membrane protein U (OmpU) of V. mimicus has been proven to be a protective antigen, and several mimotopes of the protein were identified. Here, a tandemly arranged multi-epitope peptide (named 6EPIS) was designed with six mimotopes and heterologously expressed. Then, the immunoprotection efficacy of recombinant 6EPIS (r6EPIS) was evaluated in grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by determining relative percentage survival (RPS), specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody titer, and transcriptional levels of immune-related genes of inoculated grass carps. Fish vaccinated with r6EPIS via intraperitoneal injection exhibited 85.71% RPS over the control, when challenged with V. mimicus. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titer of specific IgM antibodies against r6EPIS reached 1:12,800 on Day 28 post the primary immunization. After 28 days post immunization, the transcriptional level of total IgM mRNA was significantly higher in the r6EPIS-vaccinated fish than in those vaccinated with recombinant OmpU, inactivated bacterin and rHis tag peptide (p<0.05). In addition, the transcription levels of interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α genes in the spleen and head kidney of r6EPIS-vaccinated fish were significantly increased during the period of immunization and early phase of infection, while the transcription level of interleukin-10 gene was significantly increased from Day 3 to 7 post challenge, compared to the control level. These results show that r6EPIS was highly immunogenic and could elicit strong protective immune responses. It may be an attractive vaccine candidate against V. mimicus infection.

[Study on hyperspectral response to surface alteration by oil and gas microseepage under loess area].

The present takes the Qingyang, Gansu as an example, based on the mechanism of oil-gas microseepage, the spectra of the loess samples were measured, and the contents of carbonate minerals, clay minerals, Fe2+ and Fe3+, were analyzed. From their contents, it was shown that the carbonate mineralization and the red fading phenomenon are obvious for the known oil-gas field. Meanwhile, the parameters of absorption spectra of the loess samples were identified after the continuum was removed. The multiple regression analysis between the spectrum parameters (independent variables) and the mineral contents (the dependent variables) was implemented. The results indicate that the absorption depth is more sensitive. Thus, by their spectrum absorption parameters, 14 spectra of loess samples were clustered into two groups: samples in the known oil-gas field and unknown oil-gas field.

[Vegetation stress spectra and their relations with the contents of metal elements within the plant leaves in metal mines in Heilongjiang].

In this paper, Duobao Mt. and Tong Mt. were taken as examples. The spectra of the crown or leaf of the vegetation were collected. Fourteen metal elements in the rock, soil (A, B, C) and vegetation (root, trunk, leaf), and biological chemical parameters were measured. It was indicated that different metal elements were selected and enriched in different vegetation. The red edge position (REP) and the absorbing depth are related to biological chemical parameters. A multivariable regression equation was built between the absorption depths and the contents of metal elements. The relative coefficients between the absorbing depths and chemical elements, including Co, Cu, N, Mo, Ag, Sb, W, Pb and As, are greater than 0.75. Thus, it is important to analyze and measure the contents of metal elements by hyper-spectral remote sensing of vegetation stress spectrum.

[Spatiotemporal differentiation of construction land expansion in a typical town of south Jiangsu Province].

Choosing Xinzhuang Town in south Jiangsu Province as study area, and by using 1980, 1991, 2001, and 2009 high-resolution remote sensing images and GIS spatial analysis technology, an integrated expansion degree index model was established based on the existing indicators of construction land expansion, and the general and spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of construction land expansion in the Town in three time periods of 1980-2009 were quantitatively analyzed. In 1980-2009, with the acceleration of rural urbanization and industrialization, the area of construction land in the Town increased significantly by 19.24 km2, and especially in 2001-2009, the expanded area, expanded contribution rate, and expansion intensity reached the maximum. The construction land expansion had an obvious spatial differentiation characteristic. In 1980-1991, the newly increased construction land mainly concentrated in town area. After 1991, the focus of construction land gradually spread to the villages with developed industries. Most of the increased construction lands were converted from paddy field and dry land, accounting for 88.1% of the total increased area, while the contribution from other land types was relatively small.

[Spatiotemporal pattern of urban growth and its driving forces in urban agglomeration of central Liaoning Province, China].

Based on the five temporal Landsat TM remote sensing data of 1988, 1992, 1997, 2000, and 2004, and by using GIS spatial analysis and landscape pattern analysis, this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of urban growth and its driving forces in the urban agglomeration of central Liaoning Province (UACLP). From 1988 to 2004, the urban area in the UACLP had being increased from 812.55 km2 to 1345.86 km2, with an average growth rate of 32.96 km2 per year. The urban growth rate increased rapidly after 1997, and the urban growth intensity was up to the peak in 1997-2000. The urban growth was mainly concentrated in the central dense belt of the UACLP. From 1988 to 1997, the urban growth was relatively slow, its spatial pattern was compact, and edge growth and filling were the main urban growth types. From 1997 to 2004, the urban growth became faster with diffused spatial pattern and complex patch shape, and "frog leap" and diffusion were the main urban growth types. Non-agricultural population growth, economic growth, urban spatial mutual attraction, industrial development, and development zones construction policies were the main driving forces of urban growth in the UACLP.

[Spatiotemporal expansion of urban and rural built-up areas in Shenyang City: an analysis based on remote sensing and GIS technology].

By using 1985, 1995, 1997, 2000 and 2004 satellite images and GIS technology, three indices including built-up area density, expansion intensity index, and fractal dimension were chosen to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics, spatial differentiation, and morphological changes of urban and rural built-up areas in Shenyang City in 1985-2004, with the main driving factors discussed. In the study period, the high-density area of urban built-up area in the City increased year by year, and that of rural built-up area changed slightly before 1997 but increased gradually thereafter. The increased area, expansion speed, and expansion intensity of built-up area were evidently greater in urban than in rural area. An obvious spatial differentiation was observed in the expansion of built-up area between urban and rural areas, with the high-speed expansion mainly concentrated in urban area. The fractal dimension in urban area increased gradually, which meant that the integrated configuration of urban area became more and more complex, while that in rural area changed irregularly, because of the lack of reasonable planning and construction. Economic development, population growth, transportation, natural environment, policy-guiding, and urban planning were the main driving forces of the expansion of built-up areas in Shenyang City.

[Significance of human papillomavirus test in triage of patients with atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of human papillomavirus test in triage of patients with atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) diagnosed by cervical cytology. METHODS: Human papillomavirus test,colposcope and cervical biopsy were performed in 184 patients with a referral diagnosis of ASCUS by cervical cytology. RESULTS: Confirmed by pathological diagnosis of cervical biopsy, 112 cases were chronic inflammation (60.87%), 33 CIN I (17.93%), 17 CIN II (9.24%), 8 CIN III (4.35%), 4 cervical squamous carcinoma (2.17%) and 10 condyloma (5.43%). Of the 184 women with cytological ASCUS, 124 (67.39%) cases were positive in high-risk HPV test among which 66 cases were histologically confirmed as chronic inflammation (53.23%), 22 as CIN I (17.74%), 16 as CIN II (12.90%), 8 as CIN III (6.45%), 4 as cervical squamous carcinoma (3.23%) and 8 as condyloma (6.45%). The positive rate of HPV in groups of ASCUS were higher than those with negative HPV (P < 0.003). CONCLUSION: Women with ASCUS should be tested for HPV. Cervical biopsy under colposcopy is recommended for women with HR-HPV infection.

[Simulation and prediction of urban and rural settlement growth and land use change in Yingkou City].

Based on the 1988, 1992, 1997, 2000, and 2004 Landsat TM remote sensing data of Yingkou City, Liaoning Province, the urban and rural settlement growth and land use change in the city from 2005 to 2030 were simulated and predicted by using the SLEUTH urban growth and land use change model with six scenarios (current trend scenario, no protection scenario, moderate protection scenario, managed growth scenario, ecologically sustainable growth scenario, and regional and urban comprehensive planning scenario). The results showed that in the city, the increased area of urban and rural settlement growth from 1988 to 2004 was 14.93 km2, and the areas of water area, orchard, mine, and agricultural land changed greatly from 1997 to 2004. From 2005 to 2030, based on ecologically sustainable growth scenario, the urban and rural settlement growth would have a slow increase, and agricultural land and forestland would be better protected; under no protection scenario, the urban and rural settlement growth would have a rapid increase, and large area of agricultural land would be lost; under current trend scenario, the agricultural land loss would be similar to that under no protective scenario, but the loss pattern could be different; under moderate protection scenario and managed growth scenario, the agricultural land would have a smaller loss; while under regional and urban comprehensive planning scenario, the urban and rural settlement growth would be mainly distributed in urban development area and urban fringe. The SLEUTH model with different scenarios could simulate how the different land management policies affect urban and rural settlement growth and land use change, which would be instructive to the coordination of Chinese urban and rural settlement development and the socialist new rural reconstruction.