ABSTRACT
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the primary active ingredient in green tea and has been used for cancer prevention in clinical trials. The anti-tumor effects of EGCG stem from its ability to inhibit the activities of many oncoproteins, such as AKT, VEGFR, STAT3, and mutant p53. However, the clinical efficacy of EGCG is unsatisfactory. How to improve the anti-tumor effects of EGCG is an open question. Here we report that EGCG inhibits the tumor suppressive Hippo signaling pathway and activates downstream YAP in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Activation of YAP impedes the anti-tumor effects of EGCG. YAP blockade increases the sensitivity of CRC cells to EGCG treatment.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT) who underwent percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) using AngioJet (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Mass) or catheter-directed thrombolysis. METHODS: Electronic medical records of patients with acute IFDVT from January 2014 to September 2017 were reviewed. Those who received PMT with AngioJet (AJ-PMT group) or catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT group) were included in this study. Baseline characteristics were recorded and compared. Postoperative serum creatinine concentration was compared with baseline serum creatinine concentration to determine the occurrence of postoperative AKI. Hemolysis was diagnosed on the basis of the decrease of hematocrit (HCT) and the occurrence of hematuria. The incidence of postoperative AKI in the two groups was analyzed. Univariable analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to determine risk factors that contribute to postoperative AKI. RESULTS: A total 198 patients with acute IFDVT were included (79 in the AJ-PMT group, 119 in the CDT group). Baseline data of the two groups were of no statistical difference. The AJ-PMT group suffered more from acute hemolysis (P = .018). Compared with baseline HCT, the absolute HCT reduction of each group was of statistical significance (P < .01). The percentage change of absolute HCT of the two groups was of statistical significance (P < .01). Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis demonstrated that percutaneous AJ-PMT (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-6.82; P = .02), history of major surgery within 3 months of endovascular intervention (OR, 8.51; 95% CI, 2.90-24.94; P < .01), and HCT drop >14% (OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.08-6.87; P = .03) are independent risk factors that raise the odds of postoperative AKI. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with acute IFDVT, AJ-PMT will raise the risk of postoperative AKI compared with CDT, especially in patients with a history of major surgery within 3 months of endovascular intervention. AJ-PMT causes more hemolysis and hematuria. An HCT drop >14% may indicate upcoming AKI.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Iliac Vein , Thrombectomy/adverse effects , Thrombolytic Therapy/adverse effects , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Aged , Biomarkers/blood , Creatinine/blood , Electronic Health Records , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Iliac Vein/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Renal Dialysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Thrombolytic Therapy/instrumentation , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Access Devices , Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Venous Thrombosis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of the interaction between PLIN gene polymorphisms and open lifestyle intervention on weight-loss in Chinese Han adults. METHODS: Totally 109 overweight or obese subjects were assigned by random number table to the intervention group (n=56) or control group (n=53),and subjects in the intervention group received 22-week open lifestyle intervention. Anthropometric and metabolic indicators were measured for all subjects before and after intervention,and the PLIN1,PLIN4,and PLIN6 genotypes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced through the first-generation sequencing technologies. RESULTS: Among all these subjects,the rare allele C was dominant at PLIN1 (0.619),the common allele G was dominant at PLIN4 (0.606),and the common allele A was dominant at PLIN6 (0.564),in which PLIN1 and PLIN4 as well as PLIN4 and PLIN6 were in strong linkage disequilibrium (D'>0.9). After intervention,the body mass index,waist circumference,and body fat percent of female subjects were significantly decreased in intervention group and were lower than in control group;in male subjects,however,only the waist circumference showed significant difference with the control group (P<0.05). Subjects carrying rare allele homozygote of PLIN6 got less weight/fat loss than those carrying common alleles in intervention group,while subjects carrying rare allele of PLIN1 had more weight/fat increase than those with common allele homozygote in control group (P<0.05). Females in intervention group carrying any one of rare allele homozygotes of PLIN1,PLIN4 and PLIN6 got less weight/fat loss than those with common alleles,and female subjects carrying the rare allele homozygote haplotype of PLIN1/PLIN4 or PLIN4/PLIN6 got less weight/fat loss than those with other haplotypes (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The interaction between open lifestyle intervention and PLIN gene polymorphisms can directly influence weight-loss in Chinese Han overweight and obese adults.
