[Characterization of Microplastic Leachate from Different Polymers and Its Effect on Seed Germination of Lettuce].

Accumulation of microplastics in soil could interfere with the germination and growth of plants. However, the chemical risks raised by leachate of microplastics remain unknown. Here, we prepared microplastic leachate at different extraction temperatures (25 and 50℃) using microplastic fibers derived from polyamide (PA) and polyethylene (PE) and conducted the seed germination test of microplastic leachates to investigate the toxic effects of microplastic leachates on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Furthermore, characteristics of the microplastic leachate, such as DOC and DON concentrations and parameters of UV-vis, were measured. The results revealed that the concentration of DOC and DON in the leachate of PA was significantly higher than that of PE. DOC and DON concentration in the leachate of PA increased with extraction temperature. Additionally, the aromaticity, hydrophobic component content, and molecular weight of leachates were significantly affected by the polymers of microplastic, whereas the extraction temperature had no effect. Compared to those in CK, the microplastic leachates reduced the indicators such as germination vigor, germination index, and vigor index of lettuce seeds; however, it had no impact on agronomic traits, such as plant height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight. Meanwhile, some seeds had abnormal developments of radicles and cotyledons under the microplastic leachate treatments. This demonstrates that the substances leached from microplastics could interfere with the germination process of lettuce seeds. Therefore, the chemical risks exerted by the microplastics to the soil and plant system require further attention.

Effect of the Recombinant Adenovirus-Mediated HIF-1 Alpha on the Expression of VEGF in the Hypoxic Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells of Rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of recombinant adenovirus-mediated HIF-1 alpha (HIF-1α) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and HIF-1α in hypoxic brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) in rats. METHODS: Primary cultured rat BMEC in vitro were treated without or with either recombinant adenovirus-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (AdHIF-1α) or recombinant adenovirus empty vector (Ad) in the presence of CoCl2 (simulating hypoxia conditions), or were grown under normoxia conditions. The expression of VEGFA and HIF-1α was analyzed at 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h incubation time, respectively. We also accessed a GEO dataset of stroke to analyze in vivo the alteration of HIF-1α and VEGFA expression, and the correlations between HIF-1α, VEGFA and CD31 mRNA levels in vascular vessels after stroke. RESULTS: VEGFA and HIF-1α expression were significantly higher in at each time point in the AdHIF-1α than other groups (p<0.05), whereas the Ad group and hypoxia group, showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Moreover, VEGFA and HIF-1α levels were significantly higher in BMEC under hypoxia conditions than normoxia conditions (p <0.05). Both HIF-1α and VEGFA expression significantly increased after stroke in vivo with 1.30 and 1.57 fold-change in log2, respectively. There were significantly positive associations between HIF-1α, VEGFA and CD31 mRNA levels in vivo after stroke. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and VEGFA expression in vascular vessels, and recombinant AdHIF-1α could up-regulate VEGFA, and enhance HIF-1ααlevels in BMEC in vitro, which may play an important role in the recovery of stroke.

Evaluation on the implementation of malaria elimination measures in Huzhou City / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the situation of malaria epidemic and the course of prevention and control,and to summarize and promote the experience of malaria elimination. Methods The data of malaria prevention measures of different stages in Huzhou City from 1950 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Huzhou City went through three serious malaria epidemics during the past 60 years:1954 to 1955,1962 to 1963 and early 1970. The highest incidence rate was 13 981. 76 / 1 00,000 in 1963. Since standard treatments(including anti - relapse treatment)were carried out and anti - mosquito facilities had improved,the average annual incidence rate in the 70 s declined gradually. From 1980 to 1989,Huzhou City set up 15 - 30 longitudinal monitoring stations which covered 70% villages and towns. In 1989,the City passed the fundamental evaluation of malaria eradication. The average annual incidence rate from 1990 to 2009 was 0. 37 / 1 000,000,and 48. 95% were imported cases. After 2010,Huzhou City had no local malaria case,and all cases reported were imported from 2010 to 2015. Conclusion A remarkable effects of the targeted control measures have been made at different stages in Huzhou City. In order to consolidate the achievements,we should strengthen the monitoring of floating population,timely and effective treatment of imported cases.

Detecting testis- and epididymis-specific methylated promoters in human cell-free seminal DNA by MeDIP-qPCR / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method of methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP)-real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for detecting the promoter methylation level in cell-free seminal DNA (cfsDNA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We obtained cfsDNA samples from 6 normozoospermia men (the NZ group) and 6 post-vasectomy patients (the PV group), and mixed the samples from different individuals of each group, respectively. Then we made DNA fragments by ultrasonication, separated the methylated DNA fragments by MeDIP, and determined the methylation level of the promoters in cfsDNA by qPCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The methylation levels of the promoters PRAME, PEG10, MORC1, GML, HOXA5, DNMT3L, SNURF, MSH4, DAZ1 and CLPB were 14.93, 2.64, 0.69, 2.66, 17.50, 21.10, 5.98, 2.28, 13.50 and 3.86%, respectively, in the NZ group, obviously lower than 121.25, 73.62, 16.25, 42.90, 76.74, 112.40, 59.79, 25.85, 91.90 and 64.53% in the PV group. The results of MeDIP-qPCR for the methylation of PRAME, MORC1, GML, HOXA5, DNMT3L, SNURF, MSH4 and DAZ1 were coincident with the results of genome-wide promoter methylation microarray.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MeDIP-qPCR can quantitatively measure the promoter methylation level in cfsDNA, and effectively determine the testis- and epididymis-specific methylated promoters in human semen.</p>

Effect of serum B lymphocyte stimulator on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

0.05).Conclusion High level of Blys could be observed in serum of patients with SLE and somewhat correlated with the lupus acitivity,although the level of Blys in serum can not reflect morbility and mortality of SLE patients.