ABSTRACT
Based on public information on projects of medical and health technology development program in Shandong province,this article analyses the project approvals in Shandong medicine and health technology development program from 2005 to 2009.Characteristics in terms of project category,funding amount,host institution,subject distribution,etc.are presented,so as to provide reference for the relevant policy makers.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To prepare a novel contraceptive patch containing gestodene(GEST) and ethinylestradiol(EE), and to study the in vitro characterization and in vivo contraceptive effect. Methods: Double-layer technique was applied to sustain steady 7-day permeation flux of drugs. Polariscope examination was carried out to observe the drug distribution behavior in the patch. Uniformity, adhesion, skin irritation, release and permeation tests were conducted to evaluate in vitro characterization. Anti-implantation and anti-fertility experiments were carried out to investigate its contraceptive effect. Results: The in vitro release profiles of both drugs were in accordance with Higuchi equation. The daily permeated amount of GEST per 10 cm2 patch was about 75 μg while the amount of EE was 30 μg.The in vitro transdermal permeation of both drugs from the patches displayed a zero-order process. Permeation rate constants were 0. 377 μg/(cm2·h) for GEST, and 0. 092 μg/(cm2· h) for EE, respec-tively. After transdermal administration, the embryonic number of the test groups was zero, and the uterus coefficients of those groups were significantly reduced compared with those of the control group (P < 0. 01). Conclusion: Double-layer transdermal drug delivery system(TDDS) could allow the steady 7-day permeation flux of drugs when the drug ratio between the immediate-release layer and the reservoir layer was 1:4. In vivo charac-terization demonstrated its contraceptive effects. The prepared novel patch might be a promising non-oral contra-ceptive preparation.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A number of copper-bearing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) are now commercially available in China. The release behavior of cupric ion from Cu-IUDs is essential to the success of contraception, and the release behavior of indomethacin from medicated Cu-IUD is related to its therapeutic effect. STUDY DESIGN: In this study, analytical methods were established to investigate the release behavior of cupric ion of three existing types of Cu-IUDs and indomethacin of one medicated Cu-IUD (Yuangong 365 Cu-IUD). Cu-IUDs were incubated in simulated uterine fluid (SUF). The concentrations of cupric ion and indomethacin were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) for 250 days and UV 752 spectrophotometer for 300 days, respectively. RESULTS: The release behavior of cupric ion for three types of Cu-IUDs was biphasic, which consisted of the initial burst release and then slow and constant release. The release of cupric ion from the medicated Cu-IUD Yuangong 365 showed a zero-order process. In vitro release experiment confirmed a sustained release of indomethacin from Yuangong 365 and the release was in accordance with the Weibull equation. CONCLUSION: The cupric ion release appears to be more constant in the medicated Cu-IUD than in the others. In view of the feature of indomethacin release from medicated Cu-IUD, it is conjectured that the design of this device could be useful to avoid the adverse effects caused by all Cu-IUDs.
Subject(s)
Body Fluids/chemistry , Copper/chemistry , Indomethacin/chemistry , Intrauterine Devices, Copper , Cations/chemistry , HumansABSTRACT
Objective To know the academic background of the researchers granted by state elevenfive programs in population and health.Methods Using the BibliometriCS the obtained data were analyzed statistically.Result The 135 prineiole investigators(PIs)totally published 5154 papers.47.42% of them were published in high level Journals and the universities and institutes accounted for 90% of 5154 published papers together.The first three authors for the PIs in the papers were relatively higher than nonPIs.The percentage of discipline compatibility between published papers and the projeets reached 91.05%.Conclusions The result of bibliometrics analysis indicated that most projeet PIs had a solid research background and high academic influence in their careers.
