ABSTRACT
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, including lung cancer. However, the exact underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential are largely unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) is highly expressed in lung cancer and is required for cell metabolism, tumorigenicity, and cisplatin response of lung cancer. PRMT6 regulated the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and glycolysis pathway in human lung cancer by increasing the activity of 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and α-enolase (ENO1). Furthermore, PRMT6 methylated R324 of 6PGD to enhancing its activity; while methylation at R9 and R372 of ENO1 promotes formation of active ENO1 dimers and 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) binding to ENO1, respectively. Lastly, targeting PRMT6 blocked the oxidative PPP flux, glycolysis pathway, and tumor growth, as well as enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin in lung cancer. Together, this study demonstrates that PRMT6 acts as a post-translational modification (PTM) regulator of glucose metabolism, which leads to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. It was proven that the PRMT6-6PGD/ENO1 regulatory axis is an important determinant of carcinogenesis and may become a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
ABSTRACT
The current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has seriously disrupted the daily life of human, mainly attributed to the fact that we know too little about SARS-CoV-2. Increasing studies show that viral infection alters host cells glucose metabolism, which is crucial for viral nucleic acid replication. Here, we integrated RNA-sequencing results and found that SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the aerobic glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (oxiPPP), and DNA replication in lung tissues and cells. However, the direction of metabolic flux and DNA replication were dominated by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a host cell-expressed viral receptor protein. More interesting, although hosts with high expression of ACE2 are more likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, the invading virus cannot perform nucleic acid replication well due to the restriction of glucose metabolism, and eventually resulting prolonged infection-cycle or infection failure. Our findings, after a typical epidemiological investigation and modeling analysis, preliminarily explain the reasons for the emergence of asymptomatic infections or lower copy virus at early stage in host with higher ACE2 levels, which will provide important help for the development of more accurate and effective detection methods for diagnosing COVID-19. Graphical abstract O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=103 SRC="FIGDIR/small/483197v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (70K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@b51fcforg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@13b7f9corg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@136fe46org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@16fc92a_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the constituents from the berry of Panax ginseng. Methods Compounds were separated and purified by column chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Results Twelve compounds were isolated from water extracts of the berry of P. ginseng. They were identified as benzoic acid (Ⅰ), isoginsenoside-Rh3 (Ⅱ), ginsenoside-Rh2 (Ⅲ), ginsenoside-Rh1 (Ⅳ), ginsenoside-Rg1 (Ⅴ), ginsenoside-Re (Ⅵ), ginsenoside-Rd (Ⅶ), ginsenoside-Rc (Ⅷ), ginsenoside-Rb2 (Ⅸ), ginsenoside-Rb1 (Ⅹ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅺ), and 20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxadiol named as compound K (ⅩⅡ). Conclusion The compound K is a new natural product.
