Ley chilena de tolerancia cero al alcohol: fortalezas, falencias y carencias que no deben ser obviadas / Alcohol zero tolerance law in Chile: strengths, flaws and shortcomings that should not be overlooked

Background: Chile has recently entered into force Act No. 20.580, which modifies the legal limits of blood alcohol concentration in drivers and increases the penalties for driving under the influence of alcohol, narcotics or psychotropic substances. The aim of this review was to give an account of the strengths of this new law but, at the same time, to alert the scientific and legal community about its flaws. We also present some shortcomings of Chilean regulatory framework that remain uncorrected, those that should be considered in the design of public policies for improving road safety and the criteria that judges should ponder during judgment, to determine either conviction or acquittal.

[Alcohol zero tolerance law in Chile: strengths, flaws and shortcomings that should not be overlooked]. / Ley chilena de tolerancia cero al alcohol: fortalezas, falencias y carencias que no deben ser obviadas.

Chile has recently entered into force Act No. 20.580, which modifies the legal limits of blood alcohol concentration in drivers and increases the penalties for driving under the influence of alcohol, narcotics or psychotropic substances. The aim of this review was to give an account of the strengths of this new law but, at the same time, to alert the scientific and legal community about its flaws. We also present some shortcomings of Chilean regulatory framework that remain uncorrected, those that should be considered in the design of public policies for improving road safety and the criteria that judges should ponder during judgment, to determine either conviction or acquittal.

[Adherence to immunization among children with special health care needs]. / Adherencia a las inmunizaciones en niños con necesidades de cuidado médico especial.

UNLABELLED: The proportion of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) due to chronic illness is increasing. They have a high risk of complications due to infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE: To describe adherence to the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) and administration of other expert recommended vaccines in CSHCN. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective manner information on chronic disease, EPI vaccines administration, reasons for delays, prescription and administration of additionally recommended vaccines was registered in a cohort of hospitalized CSHCN. RESULTS: Seventy children were analyzed. Thirty (42.9%) had at least one delay in EPI immunization schedule; 40% due to previous hospitalizations, 26.7% due to minor morbidity and 20% due to other unjustified reasons. Forty-nine (70.0%) received prescriptions for additional vaccines, but only 25 actually received them. CONCLUSIONS: CSHCN showed low adherence to EPI and received few additionally recommended vaccines. Every contact with these patients, including hospitalization should be used to update immunizations.