ABSTRACT
We report a previously undescribed complication of long-term epidural catheter placement for the administration of analgesia in terminal malignancy. Spinal cord compression resulted from a drug-related precipitate forming around the epidural catheter tip, which was successfully treated by surgical decompression.
Subject(s)
Analgesia, Epidural/adverse effects , Spinal Cord Compression/chemically induced , Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Heroin/adverse effects , Humans , Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/prevention & control , Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Spinal Cord Compression/surgeryABSTRACT
Disagreements between school-aged children were examined as a function of friendship status. 66 same-sex dyads were selected, including equal numbers of "best friends" and nonfriends, who were then observed while playing a board game (a closed-field situation). Conflicts occurred more frequently among friends than among nonfriends and lasted longer. Friends did not talk more during their conflicts than nonfriends, but assertions were used selectively according to friendship and sex: With friends, girls used assertions accompanied by rationales more frequently than boys whereas boys used assertions without rationales more frequently than girls. These sex differences were not evident during conflicts between nonfriends. Results are discussed in relation to the social constraints intrinsic to closed-field competitive conditions as they apply to friendship relations in middle childhood.
