Subject(s)
Coma/etiology , Hyperammonemia/etiology , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Anemia/etiology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Back Pain/etiology , Boronic Acids/administration & dosage , Bortezomib , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Brain/pathology , Brain Edema/etiology , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Diphosphonates/therapeutic use , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Imidazoles/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Multiple Myeloma/radiotherapy , Osteolysis/drug therapy , Osteolysis/etiology , Osteolysis/radiotherapy , Pyrazines/administration & dosage , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Zoledronic AcidABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This pilot study explored factors associated with stress in medical students during their initial clinical contact with cancer patients, in particular identifying stress levels and coping strategies used. METHODS: A total of 80 medical students at The University of Birmingham Medical School, UK, completed retrospective self-report questionnaires measuring socio-demographics, potential stressors and coping strategies (using the Brief COPE inventory). Statistical analysis followed data collection. FINDINGS: Of all socio-demographic categories, female gender correlated with the highest stress score (p<0.05). The most stressful situations reported related to the patient's condition, the biopsychosocial effects of the cancer on the patient and his/her family, and breaking bad news. A combination of problem- and emotion-focussed strategies were used to manage stress; and the extent of their usage was significantly related to individual stress levels (p<0.01) in both instances. INTERPRETATION: Medical students in an oncology setting experience moderate stress and utilise a combination of problem- and emotion-focussed coping strategies to combat this stress. A greater use of both coping strategies was seen in students experiencing higher levels of stress. This may suggest a relative lack of effective coping skills. In light of this, the implementation of coping strategy training as a part of the medical course and/or support groups may be beneficial.