ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to evaluate polyclonal- and monoclonal-antibody-based immunohistochemical (IHC) tests for the detection of 2 genotypes of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a and b, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph-node tissue from pigs with experimental or natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome and to compare the IHC results with those of in-situ hybridization (ISH) assays. The ISH assays proved more sensitive than the IHC tests for the detection of PCV2a and PCV2b. According to these findings, polyclonal-antibody-based IHC testing is the most practical routine diagnostic method for the detection of PCV2 regardless of genotype because IHC testing is less technically complex than ISH testing. However, ISH assays are useful to differentiate between PCV2a and PCV2b in surveillance programs for the monitoring of PCV2 in swine herds.
L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer des épreuves immunohistochimiques (IHC) à base d'anticorps polyclonaux et monoclonaux pour la détection de deux génotypes de circovirus porcin de type 2 (PCV2), a et b, dans des nÅuds lymphatiques fixés dans la formaline et enrobés de paraffine provenant de porcs atteints naturellement ou expérimentalement du syndrome de dépérissement multi-systémique en post-sevrage et de comparer les résultats d'IHC à ceux d'épreuves d'hybridation in situ (ISH). Les épreuves d'ISH se sont avérées plus sensibles que les épreuves d'IHC pour la détection de PCV2a et PCV2b. À la lumière de ces résultats, l'épreuve IHC à base d'anticorps polyclonaux s'avère la méthode diagnostique de routine la plus pratique pour la détection de PCV2 indépendamment du génotype étant donné que l'épreuve IHC est techniquement moins complexe que l'épreuve ISH. Toutefois, les épreuves ISH sont utiles pour distinguer entre PCV2a et PCV2b dans des programmes de surveillance pour PCV2 dans les troupeaux porcins.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal , Circovirus/genetics , Genotype , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , In Situ Hybridization/veterinary , Swine Diseases/virology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Circovirus/classification , Formaldehyde , Paraffin Embedding , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Swine , Tissue FixationABSTRACT
The metabolic syndrome creates risk factors for coronary heart disease, diabetes, fatty liver, obesity and several cancers. Our group has already reported that the essential oil from leaves of Pinus koraiensis SIEB (EOPK) exerted antihyperlipidemic effects by upregulating the low-density lipoprotein receptor and inhibiting acyl-coenzyme A, cholesterol acyltransferases. We evaluated in the current study the anti-diabetic effects of EOPK on mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type I diabetes and on HIT-T15 pancreatic ß cells. EOPK significantly protected HIT-T15 cells from STZ-induced cytotoxicity and reduced the blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic mice when compared with the untreated control. EOPK consistently and significantly suppressed the α-amylase activity in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced the expression of insulin at the mRNA level in STZ-treated HIT-T15 cells, while the expression of insulin was attenuated. EOPK also significantly abrogated the population of reactive oxygen species when compared to the untreated control in STZ-treated HIT-T15 cells. Furthermore, EOPK significantly reduce nitric oxide production, suppressed the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase and suppressed the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in STZ-treated HIT-T15 cells, implying its potential application to diabetic retinopathy. Overall, our findings suggest that EOPK had hypoglycemic potential by inhibiting reactive oxygene species (ROS), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and VEGF in STZ-treated mice and HIT-T15 pancreatic ß cells as a potent anti-diabetic agent.