ABSTRACT
Se presenta un estudio en 4 grupos de muestras de suero procedentes de Cuba, Costa Rica, Nicaragua y Panamá, con el objetivo de determinar el serotipo del virus dengue responsable de una epidemia o brote, aplicando el Elisa de Captura de anticuerpos IgM (MAC-ELISA). Se empleó el estuche diagnóstico Dengue-IgM con cada uno de los serotipos por separado y se calculó un valor índice (densidad óptica de la muestra / valor de corte) en cada caso, con los cuales se realizaron 2 análisis estadísticos; el análisis de varianzas de Fisher y el cálculo de la LSD (Litter significant difference). Los cálculos permitieron determinar que en Cuba y Panamá circuló el serotipo 2 y en Costa Rica el serotipo 1, esto correspondió con los serotipos aislados durante las respectivas epidemias y en el caso de Nicaragua, las respuestas son muy heterogéneas, no se pudo determinar el serotipo responsable, probablemente porque en este país han circulado más de 2 serotipos a la vez.
ABSTRACT
The Heberbiovac-HB recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was administered at dosages of 10.5 and 2.5 micrograms in 3 groups of children aged 6-9 with a vaccination schedule at 0, 1 and 6 months of age. The immunogenecity attained between dosages was compared. The seroconversion with protective titres obtained at 2 months varied from 88.9 with 10 micrograms to 79.4 with 2.5 micrograms, whereas at 7 months it was higher than 98 in the 3 groups. The geometrical mean with 10 mg was 136.63 and 2,356.8 UI/L-1; with 5 micrograms, 77.62 and 1,958.9 UI/L-1; and with 2.5 micrograms, 32.15 and 376.3 UI/UL-1, at 2 and 7 months, respectively. A high immunogenic power of the vaccine is observed at dosages of 10 and 5 micrograms with similar results. In spite of the fact that the dosage of 2.5 micrograms is immunogenic, the response is not desirable. These results state the possibility of using a lower dosage (5 micrograms) for a low risk infantile population, which favors the cost-benefit.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Hepatitis B Vaccines , Vaccines, DNA , Hepatitis B Vaccines , Time Factors , Vaccines, DNAABSTRACT
Dengue is at present the most important human arbovirosis. It is the main cause of hospitalization and death among children from southeast Asia. Two fifth of the world population live in dengue risk areas. In 1997, over 100 countries reported epidemic and more than 50,000,000 cases and 25,000 deaths were estomated. Nowadays, the Americas is passing through the same situation Asia faced years ago. In 1997, 27 countries reported cases of dengue, and in 14 of them cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever were documented. In all, 387,459 cases of classic dengue and 11,645 of dengue hemorrhagic fever were registered. During the last 2 decades dengue has increased significantly in our region with ups and downs in the annual incidence since 1981. It should be remarked that every 3 or 4 years there is a cyclic decrease and a further increase of the incidence, though it trends to rise. As regards dengue hemorrhagic fever, the situation is not more favorable. The Cuban epidemic that appeared in 1981 was completely untimely in the region. In 1989, 8 years later, the second important dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic emerged in Venezuela, and from that moment on there has been an increasing tendency of this clinical form of the disease. The factors of the emergence and reemergence are present and rise year after year. The neoliberal policies and the consequent privatization of the health services in most of the countries allow us to watch a gloomy future in relation to the development of dengue and its severe form, the dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.
