[Simultaneous laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy as a preparation for kidney transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease].

AIM: to study the possibility and safety of performing simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy in symptomatic patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) as a preparation for kidney transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2018 to September 2019, six symptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease caused by ADPKD, who had hemodialysis, underwent simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy. The mean vertical kidney size according to CT data was 211.67+/-37.15 mm, the mean horizontal size was 145.36+/-19.53 mm. In 5 cases, the hand-assisted procedure was performed. RESULTS: The average duration of the procedure was 225.1+/-40.37 minutes. Postoperative complications were recorded in 2 (33.2%) patients. The average length of stay was 8.83+/-2.13 days. There were no clinical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency. All patients are alive. In two patients, cadaveric kidney transplantation was performed after laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy in patients with chronic renal failure associated with ADPKD is feasible, safe and is associated with a short length of stay. This procedure improves the quality of life of patients and facilitates subsequent kidney transplantation.

Comparação randomizada de intervenções coronárias percutâneas guiadas por tomografia de coerência óptica versus ultrassom intravascular versus angiografia. Estudo randomizado ISIGHT / Randomized comparison of percutaneous coronary interventions guided by optical coherence tomography versus intravascular ultrasound versus angiography. ISIGHT randomized study

INTRODUÇÃO: Meta-análise de grande porte demonstrou que intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) guiada por ultrassom intracoronário (USIC) associou-se com menor ocorrência de eventos adversos em comparação com ICP guiada por angiografia. A tomografia de coerência óptica (TCO) possui resolução 10 vezes maior que a do USIC. No entanto, seu papel como guia de ICP foi pouco estudado. MÉTODOS: O objetivo primário do estudo iSIGHT é investigar a não inferioridade da ICP guiada por TCO em comparação com a ICP guiada por USIC quanto ao co-desfecho primário da área mínima do stents (AMS) e expansão dos stents ao final dos procedimentos. O objetivo secundário é avaliar a superioridade dos métodos de imagem invasivos (USIC e TCO) em comparação com um protocolo otimizado de ICP guiada por angiografia. Pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronária com ≥1 lesão em coronárias nativas com 2,25-4,0mm de diâmetro foram randomizados (1:1:1), em blocos de 9, para ICP guiada por angiografia, USIC, e TCO. Com um α unicaudal de 0,05 e margens de não inferioridade de 1,1mm2 para AMS e 6,85% para expansão dos stents, 150 pacientes (50 em cada grupo) fornece poder de 80% para investigar a não inferioridade da ICP guiada por TCO em comparação com guia por USIC. Caso a não inferioridade fosse alcançada para os co-desfechos primários, testamos de forma hierárquica a superioridade da ICP guiada por TCO contra ICP guiada por USIC e angiografia, e ICP guiada por USIC contra ICP guiada por angiografia. RESULTADOS: 151 pacientes foram randomizados para ICP guiada por TCO (51 pacientes; 51 lesões), USIC (51 pacientes; 52 lesões) e angiografia (49 pacientes; 53 lesões). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto as características clínicas e demográficas dos pacientes. A maioria (70,6%) dos pacientes eram homens, e a média das idades foi 59,3±9,8 anos. Síndrome coronária aguda foi a indicação mais frequente (59,3%) para ICP. O diâmetro de referência dos vasos incluídos foi 2,84±0,63, com lesões de 21,69±9,43mm de comprimento e percentual de estenose de 71,94±11,53%. A média de volume de contraste (94,1±40,5mL) utilizado nos casos guiados por TCO foi numericamente maior que nos casos guiados por USIC (82,1±41,3mL) e angiografia (72,3±35,8mL), porém não significativamente diferente (p=0,434)...(AU)

Sexual selection, parasites and bower height skew in a bower-building cichlid fish.

The good genes mechanism of sexual selection predicts that secondary sexual ornaments may reliably reveal a males resistance to parasites. We studied correlates of courtship and spawning success in a species of Copadichromis, a lekking cichlid fish from Lake Malawi, Africa, which builds sand bowers. We present the first evidence of a negative relationship between the structure of an extended phenotypic character (height skew of sand bowers) and male parasite load. Males that spawned had significantly fewer dilepipid cestodes in their livers than males that did not spawn, never before demonstrated in a lekking species of fish. Furthermore, males that spawned had significantly heavier gonads than 'unsuccessful males. We also found significant correlations between relative liver weight and some measures of reproductive success. This may indicate females are choosing to mate with males in better condition. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour

Exercise-induced Wall Motion Abnormalities and Resting Left Ventricular Dysfunction in the Morbidly Obese as Assessed by Radionuclide Ventriculography.

Rest and exercise first pass radionuclide ventriculograms were obtained in 62 morbidly obese subjects (56 women, six men, mean age 38 years, mean weight 269.2 +/- 46.0 lb, mean height 65.2 +/- 3.1 in., mean Body Mass Index 44.5 +/- 6.2 kg/m(2), mean excess body weight 134.1 +/- 41.1 lb) scheduled for vertical banded gastroplasty. Fifty-six percent demonstrated exercise-induced wall motion abnormalities mimicking coronary disease, compared to 12% of controls (p = 0.03). No subject with exercise-induced abnormalities had coronary disease at cardiac catheterization although only those with an anginal chest pain history underwent angiography. Twenty-six percent demonstrated resting left ventricular systolic dysfunction as manifested by a reduced resting left ventricular ejection fraction ( <0.50). Thirty-one percent of these patients demonstrated exercise-induced abnormalities, versus 65% of morbidly obese subjects with normal resting ejection fractions (p = 0.04). Obesity-induced left ventricular hypertrophy with associated reduced coronary vasodilator reserve could explain the abnormalities. Six month post-gastroplasty follow-up radionuclide ventriculograms show group normalization of the resting left ventricular ejection fraction in those with preoperative dysfunction, possibly due to left ventricular unloading with some regression of hypertrophy.