Genome-wide association study identifies eight new risk loci for polycystic ovary syndrome.

Following a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS 1) including 744 cases and 895 controls, we analyzed genome-wide association data from a new cohort of Han Chinese (GWAS 2) with 1,510 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cases and 2,016 controls. We followed up significantly associated signals identified in the combined results of GWAS 1 and 2 in a total of 8,226 cases and 7,578 controls. In addition to confirming the three loci we previously reported, we identify eight new PCOS association signals at P < 5 × 10(-8): 9q22.32, 11q22.1, 12q13.2, 12q14.3, 16q12.1, 19p13.3, 20q13.2 and a second independent signal at 2p16.3 (the FSHR gene). These PCOS association signals show evidence of enrichment for candidate genes related to insulin signaling, sexual hormone function and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Other candidate genes were related to calcium signaling and endocytosis. Our findings provide new insight and direction for discovering the biological mechanisms of PCOS.

[Different types of menstrual cycle and their significance in Chinese women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and metabolic characteristics of Chinese women with different menstrual types. All the women were diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria. METHODS: A total of 2100 patients were divided into three groups: amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and regular menstruation. The metabolism and endocrine indices were determined and compared among three groups. RESULTS: (1) The incidences of hirsutism and PCO were obviously higher in the amenorrhea group than in the oligomenorrhea group (P < 0.01). (2) The amenorrhea group had the highest level of serum testosterone while the oligomenorrhea group had the lowest. Moreover, the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) was higher in the amenorrhea group than in the other two groups (P < 0.01). However the ratio of LH/FSH increased significantly in the regular menstruation group (P < 0.01). (3) The value of 2 h blood glucose was the highest in the amenorrhea group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PCOS patients with diverse types of menstrual cycle show different clinical manifestations and metabolic and endocrine characteristics so that the choice of treatment should be individualized.

[Relationship between vaginal sialidase bacteria vaginosis and chorioammionitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship among vaginal sialidase, bacterial vaginosis (BV), chorioammionitis and subsequent adverse outcome of pregnancy. METHODS: Vaginal sialidase was measured by colorimetry in samples of vaginal discharges from 80 pregnant women with BV (study group) and 60 normal pregnant women at same gestation weeks (control group). Color turning blue means positive of sialidase activity, and no color changing means negative. The diagnosis of chorioammionitis was based on pathological examination. RESULTS: Ninety six dot three percent, 3.3% exhibited sialidase activities in study group and control group, respectively. There were significant differences between these two groups (P < 0.001). By measuring vaginal sialidase activity, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in diagnosing BV were 96.3%, 96.7%, 97.5% and 95.1%, respectively. Chorioammionitis, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery and puerperal infection in sialidase positive group were significantly higher than the negative group. Sensitivity, specialty of sialidase activity for chorioammionitis were 87.5%, 50.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Vaginal sialidase activity has strong relation with bacterial vaginosis. Measuring vaginal sialidase activity is a fast, easy, and useful method to diagnose bacterial vaginosis. It also has relation with chorioammionitis and subsequent adverse outcome of pregnancy.