ABSTRACT
Adverse drug reactions are originated by immunological and non-immunological mechanisms. Estimated incidence is of 6.7%, and the incidence of mortal reactions is of 0.32%. In women, skin reaction incidence is 35% higher than in men, and it is 20 times higher than presenting contrast medium-related reactions. Allergic reaction is classified accordingly to Gell and Coombs criteria. It is unknown the pathogenic mechanism of the drug-induced fever. Predictable reaction depends on the dose and it is frequently related to the drug. Unpredictable reaction depends on the individual and pseudoallergic features of each patient; no immunological mechanism is involved. For diagnosis, lymphocyte transformation test measures the T cell proliferation to an in vitro drug; furthermore, it is the most sensitive. There are just a few options to evaluate and manage those patients. When it is impossible to make the exposition test the alternative is to withdraw the drug and try another treatment option. If there is no other available drug, desensitization must be considered.
Subject(s)
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Drug Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Drug Hypersensitivity/physiopathology , Female , Fever/chemically induced , Humans , Incidence , Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects , Male , Sex Distribution , T-Lymphocytes/drug effectsABSTRACT
El asma bronquial es una enfermedad crónica, que representa un enorme costo económico y social. Los programas educativos dirigidos a pacientes asmáticos disminuyen la morbilidad y mejoran la calidad de vida de los pacientes, con menor costo de la atención médica. Se muestran los resultados de un programa educativo para adultos asmáticos que fue evaluado duarante un año después de su implantación, a través de encuestas. Los resultados muestran disminución en el número de los medicamentos empleados, en él numero de crisis asmátcas, en los días de incapacidad laboral y ausentismo escolar, así como en el número de consultas en servicios de urgencias y hospitales generales de zona.