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Objective To study the efficacy and adverse reactions for renal transplant patients conversed from cyclospo-rine A to tacrolimus .Methods The follow-up data of renal transplant patients conversed from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus were collected .The clinical therapeutic outcomes including drug induced diseases (DIDs) and acute rejection (AR) induced by cyclosporine A were analyzed during the first year after conversion with SPSS 17 .0 software .Results The levels of Scr and BUN were significantly decreased during the first year after conversion for renal transplant patients with CScr and AR (P<0.05 or P<0 .01) .The levels of direct bilirubin (DB) and total bilirubin (TB) were also significantly lowed (P<0.05 or P<0 .01) during the first year for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) patients .The average level of ALT was significantly decreased in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05) .The complications of gingival overgrowth (GO) stopped with the medication replace-ment .However ,the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level increased significantly in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05) .Con-clusion For renal transplant patients suffered from AR or the serious DIDs induced by cyclosporine A ,conversion from cyclos-porine A to tacrolimus could be considered .However ,it should be aware of the high blood glucose or the new diabetes caused by tacrolimus .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of donor human milk in the prevention of nosocomial infection in very low birth weight infants. MeETHODS: A total of 105 hospitalized preterm infants with a very low birth weight were enrolled. They were classified into mother's own milk feeding group, donor human milk feeding group, and preterm formula feeding group, with 35 infants in each group. The three groups were compared in terms of incidence rates of nosocomial infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, and feeding intolerance, time to full enteral feeding, and early growth indices.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the preterm formula feeding group, the donor human milk feeding group and the mother's own milk feeding group had significantly lower incidence rates of nosocomial infection and necrotizing enterocolitis and shorter time to full enteral feeding (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in head circumference, body length, and weight growth velocity among the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Donor human milk can be used in case of a lack of mother's own milk and may help to reduce nosocomial infection.</p>
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa complicated with cataract.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 52 patients (101 eyes) who admitted in Leshan People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 after diagnosed with primary retinitis pigmentosa combined with cataract and underwent phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation,and then the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were examined for the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),intraocular pressure,slit lamp anterior segment examination,fundus examination under cycloplegia and optical coherence tomography before and after treatment.The preoperative and postoperative variables were compared by paired t-test,and the correlation between visual acuity and the macular thickness was analyzed by Pearson correlation test.Results Cataract surgery was completed successfully,and all patients were followed-up for (3-12) months,with an average (5.09 ± 2.20) months.The average BCVA of 101 eyes was increased from (0.12 ± 0.09)before surgery to (0.21 ± 0.16) after surgery,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-8.016,P =0.000).Postoperative visual acuity was significantly correlated with macular thickness.Furthermore,there was a negative correlation of macular thickness with macular cystoid edema,macular epiretinal membrane and visual acuity (r =-0.866,P =0.001),but a positive correlation with macular atrophy (r =0.928,P =0.000).Unfortunately,anterior capsule contraction occurred in 2 eyes after cataract surgery,and secondary intraocular hypertension appeared in 2 eyes.Visual acuity was improved and stable for a long time after radial incision of anterior capsule and medication control of intraocular pressure.Conclusion Phacoemuisification combined with intraocular lens implantation can improve the vision of patients,and is a safe and effective method for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa complicated cataract.
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To observe the clinic effects and complication of Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV) implantation in refractory glaucoma by using the 23G syringe needle direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel.METHODS: Forty-four cases ( 44 eyes ) of refractory glaucoma underwent AGV implantation by useing the 23G syringe needle direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel. The intraocular pressure ( lOP ) , visual acuity, and complication of post - operation were contrasted with those of pre-operation.RESULTS:The success rate was 84. 1%, the mean preoperative lOP in research group was 52. 1±10. 1mmHg, and the last follow up mean lOP was 15. 6 ± 6. 9mmHg. Compared with the preoperative visual acuity, 11 eyes increased, 27 eyes had no changes and 6 eyes decreased. The main post-operative complications included shallow anterior chamber ( 4 eyes ) , choroidal detachment ( 3 eyes), drainage tube shift (1 eye), hyphema (6 eyes), drainage tube blockage ( 1 eye ) , expulsive choroidal hemorrhage (1 eye), and fiber wrap of drainage tray (5 eyes) .CONCLUSlON:AGV implantation by direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel is feasible and easy. lt avoids of making sclerotic petal and the xenogenic sclera transplanting, simplified the operation technique, prevent the leakage of around tube. The shallow anterior chamber rate is lower. lt is an effective procedure for refractory glaucoma.
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This study is undertaken to modify the chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and investigate the conjugation between WGA-CS-NPs and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). CS-NPs were prepared by ionotropic gelation process and then conjugated with WGA under the activation of glutaricdialdehyde. The mean diameter of the CS-NPs was approximately 113.5 nm and the poly-dispersity index (PDI) was 0.18. The binding yield of WGA to CS-NPs was comprised between 27.8% and 87.9% depending mostly on the addition of 0.3% (w/v) glutaraldehyde solution. A competitive inhibition experiment of WGA-CS-NPs to bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BSM) was taken to illuminate the binding activity of WGA-CS-NPs to the sugar of N-acetylglucosamine. After the addition of NAG, the binding rates between CS-NPs and BSM almost didn't change, while the binding rates between WGA-CS-NPs and BSM dropped down significantly, which confirmed the specific binding characteristics of WGA to NAG.
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This study is undertaken to modify the chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and investigate the conjugation between WGA-CS-NPs and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). CS-NPs were prepared by ionotropic gelation process and then conjugated with WGA under the activation of glutaricdialdehyde. The mean diameter of the CS-NPs was approximately 113.5 nm and the poly-dispersity index (PDI) was 0.18. The binding yield of WGA to CS-NPs was comprised between 27.8% and 87.9% depending mostly on the addition of 0.3% (w/v) glutaraldehyde solution. A competitive inhibition experiment of WGA-CS-NPs to bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BSM) was taken to illuminate the binding activity of WGA-CS-NPs to the sugar of N-acetylglucosamine. After the addition of NAG, the binding rates between CS-NPs and BSM almost didn't change, while the binding rates between WGA-CS-NPs and BSM dropped down significantly, which confirmed the specific binding characteristics of WGA to NAG.
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Acetylglucosamine , Chemistry , Metabolism , Chitosan , Chemistry , Metabolism , Drug Delivery Systems , Mucins , Metabolism , Nanoparticles , Particle Size , Protein Binding , Wheat Germ Agglutinins , Chemistry , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of sensory nerve action protential (SNAP) on diabetic neuropathy (DN), through measuring amplitude and amplitude ratio. Methods There were 91 patients with type 2 diabetes involing 51 cases without neurologic symptom/sign as subgroup Ⅰ, 30 cases with mild neuropathy as subgroup Ⅱ and 10 cases with severe neuropathy as subgroup Ⅲ, according to Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS). Thirty-nine healthy volunteers with age- and gender-matched were served as controls. SNAP were antidromically recorded using surface electrodes. The observed parameters were as follows: conduction velocity and amplitude of median, radial and sural nerve, shorten for Vine, Vra and Vsu and Ame, Ara and Asu, respectively; sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio (SRAR) and median/ radial nerve amplitude ratio (MRAR). Results (1) As compared with the controls (P<0.05),conduction velocity (m/s, Vine : 46. 2 ±7.3, Vra: 45.8±6. 9, Vsu: 30. 3±9. 5) and amplitude (μV, Am: 15.4±10.5, Ar: 16.6±9.8, As: 5.9±6. 3)decreased significantly in subgroup Ⅲ; Vsu (46.2± 4. 7) significantly slowed in subgroup Ⅱ (P = 0. 002) ; both Ame (34. 5 ± 10. 2, 33. 0 ± 14. 6) and Asu (13.8± 5.6, 10.7 ± 5.5) decreased significantly in both subgroup Ⅰ and Ⅱ respectively, with Asu decreasing more significantly in subgroup Ⅱ (Z=- 3.22, P = 0. 001) ; SRAR (0. 432±: 0. 112) was significantly smaller only in subgroup Ⅰ , both SRAR (0. 330 ±0. 102) and MRAR (1. 008 ± 0. 225) were significantly smaller in subgroup Ⅱ. SRAR decreased more significantly in subgroup Ⅱ (t = - 3. 86, P = 0. 003). (2) The abnormal rate of Ame was the highest in subgroup Ⅰ (26. 0%), and Asu in subgroup Ⅱ (41.4%) ; while that of combination of Asu and SRAR (68.9%) was significantly higher than that of Asu alone (x2 = 9. 212, P = 0. 003). (3) TCSS scores were negatively related to Van (r = - 0. 583), Ame (r=-0. 406), Asu (r=-0.620) and SRAR (r=-0.527, all P<0.05), and there was no significant correlation of TCSS scores with MRAR in subgroup Ⅱ; both SRAR (r = -0.435) and MRAR (r = - 0. 319) were negatively related to the diabetic duration (both P < 0. 05). Conclusions In mild or early DN, SNAP amplitude is more sensitive than conduction velocity, combination of SRAR and Vsu may be serve as a useful indication for early diagnosis. In the DN patient, diabetic duration has more influence on the measurement of sensory NCS, and SRAR is related to the severity of neuropathy.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect and side effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao powder (DXP) in treating depression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized controlled and double-blinded study was conducted in 63 cases of depression by divided them into the western medicine group (WMG, 31 cases) treated with maprotiline, and the Chinese medicine group (CMG, 32 cases) treated with DXP. The effect of therapy was evaluated before and at the 2nd, 4th and 6th week of the treatment with Hamilton's depressive scale (HAMD), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the scale for TCM syndrome and symptom differentiation (TCM-SSD), and the side-effect of therapy was assessed with Asberg side-effect scale as well.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference between the two groups in scores of HAMD, SDS, SAS, and TCM-SSD. The markedly effective rate in CMG was 84% and in WMG 87%, showed no significance between them (P > 0.05). The scores of HAMD, SDS and SAS of both groups were remarkably lowered after therapy (P < 0.05). However, the score of Asberg in CMG was lower than that in WMG (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DXP shows the effect equivalent to that of maprotiline, but with obviously less side-effect.</p>
