ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Black and brown birthing people experience persistent disparities in adverse maternal health outcomes, partially due to inadequate perinatal care. The goal of this study is to design and evaluate a patient-centered intervention for obstetric patients with one or more cardiometabolic risk factors for severe maternal morbidity [gestational diabetes, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, or gestational hypertension), or preconception obesity (BMI > 30)] to promote postpartum visit attendance. METHODS: To address identified unmet needs for postpartum support and barriers to postpartum care, we developed 20 thematic postpartum planning modules, each with corresponding patient educational materials, community resources, care coordination protocols, and clinician support tools (decision aids, electronic medical record prompts and fields). During prenatal care encounters, a research coordinator delivers the educational content (in English or Spanish), facilitates the participant's planning and shared decision-making, provides the participant with resources, and documents decisions in the electronic medical record. We will randomize 320 eligible patients with a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or standard prenatal care and evaluate the impact on postpartum visit attendance at 4-12 weeks and secondary outcomes (postpartum mental health, perceived future maternal and cardiometabolic risk, contraceptive use, primary care use, readmission, and patient satisfaction with care). DISCUSSION: Through engagement with patients and community stakeholders, we developed a guideline-based, locally tailored intervention to address drivers of engagement with postpartum care for high-risk obstetric patients. If demonstrated to be effective, the educational materials and electronic medical record based-tool can be adapted to other settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05430815) on June 23, 2022.
ABSTRACT
We used high-resolution rotational spectroscopy coupled to a laser ablation source to study the conformational panorama of perillartine, a solid synthetic sweetener. Four conformers were identified under the isolation conditions of the supersonic expansion, showing that all of them present an E configuration of the C=N group with respect to the double bond of the ring. The observed structures were verified against Shallenberger-Acree-Kier's sweetness theory to shed light on the structure-sweetness relationship for this particular oxime, highlighting a deluge of possibilities to bind the receptor.
Subject(s)
Oximes , Cyclohexenes , Hydrogen Bonding , Molecular Conformation , Monoterpenes , ThermodynamicsABSTRACT
Este estudio se propone conocer la ayuda visual mejor aceptada por pacientes de visión baja, para lo cual se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de contribuir al ejercicio optométrico. Se revisaron un total de 28 artículos del año 2007 a la fecha actual. En las diferentes patologías en estudio se encontró que la ayuda visual mejor aceptada para la visión cercana fueron las lupas, y para la visión lejana eran más usados los telescopios(AU)
The aim of this study is to determine which is the most frequent visual aid use in low vision. Twenty-eight articles were consulted in a period from 2007 until now. It was observed that for near vision the hans spectacles were the best aid and for far vision telescope were more used(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Vision, Low/etiology , Telescopes , Education of Visually Disabled/methods , Helping Behavior , Review Literature as Topic , Scientific and Technical PublicationsABSTRACT
Este estudio se propone conocer la ayuda visual mejor aceptada por pacientes de visión baja, para lo cual se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de contribuir al ejercicio optométrico. Se revisaron un total de 28 artículos del año 2007 a la fecha actual. En las diferentes patologías en estudio se encontró que la ayuda visual mejor aceptada para la visión cercana fueron las lupas, y para la visión lejana eran más usados los telescopios(AU)
The aim of this study is to determine which is the most frequent visual aid use in low vision. Twenty-eight articles were consulted in a period from 2007 until now. It was observed that for near vision the hans spectacles were the best aid and for far vision telescope were more used(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Vision, Low/etiology , Telescopes/statistics & numerical data , Education of Visually Disabled/methods , Helping Behavior , Review Literature as Topic , Scientific and Technical PublicationsABSTRACT
Introducción: la influencia de los medios de comunicación, familiares y amigos en los jóvenes universitarios tiene relación directa e indirecta con la decisión de fumar. Las nuevas políticas de regulación de la publicidad impulsadas por el gobierno mexicano son insuficientes y deben ir más allá de la dimensión sanitaria. El tabaquismo es una causa de muerte prevenible. Objetivo: conocer la influencia de los medios de comunicación, familiares y amigos de los jóvenes universitarios en la toma de la decisión de fumar. Participantes: 160 estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a la Unidad Académica Profesional de Nezahualcóyotl de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Métodos: se aplicó un cuestionario a los participantes. Resultados: el 50 por ciento fuma, el 24 por ciento inició por cuenta propia y 22 por ciento por invitación de un amigo. Las influencias son 45 por ciento amigos, 30 por ciento familiares y 14 por ciento cantantes o actores. También se evidencia un 49 por ciento de influencia de los medios de comunicación. Conclusiones: es importante saber el cómo y con quién se inicia el consumo para poder brindar estrategias de solución. Las adicciones son un problema en el campo de la salud pública, que requieren de acciones amplias y coordinadas en las que deben ser incluidos los esfuerzos de todos los sectores de la sociedad: salud, familia, escuela.
The influence of mass media, family and friends on university students is directly related to the decision to smoke. The current government policies that regulate publicity about tobacco are insufficient and should go beyond the health dimension. Smoking is a preventable cause of death. Aim. To understand the influence that mass media, family and peers have on university students that smoke. Participants. 160 university students that belong to the Unidad Académica Profesional de Nezahualcóyotl of the Universidad Autónoma of the State of Mexico. Results. 50 percent smoke, 24 percent started smoking on their own, and 22 percent at the behest of a peer. The influences are: 45 percent from friends; 30 percent from family members; 14 percent from singers or actors. We also found a 49 percent influence from mass media. Conclusions. It is important to know how and with whom tobacco consumption occurs in order to develop appropriate policy responses. Addictions are a public health problem that demand broad, comprehensive, and coordinated action covering a variety of societal areas such as health, family and the school system.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Students/psychology , Smoking/psychology , Imitative Behavior , Mass Media , Age of Onset , Family , Friends , Mexico , Peer Group , Precipitating Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
En la presente revisión se analizará la formación de grupos de ayuda mutua (GAM) con la finalidad de coadyuvar a contrarrestar enfermedades, dolencias o padecimientos de manera asertiva, eficaz y sobre todo positiva, esto con el objetivo de integrar a la educación para la salud en su enfoque multidisciplinario para crear GAM que proporcionen alternativas viables para modificar estilos de vida nocivos o no saludables. Es importante la introducción de la educación para la salud en la creación y el sustento del mismo, ya que brinda una perspectiva distinta en la realización de planes, programas y proyectos abiertos a cubrir necesidades de aprendizaje y cambios en los estilos de vida con ayuda de las redes de apoyo y la intervención de aspectos psicoemocionales, cuyo objetivo es lograr estabilidad a nivel individual y colectivo.
In this review we discuss the formation of self-help groups (GAM) in order to help to counteract diseases, illnesses or conditions assertively, effective and above all positive, this in order to integrate health education in its multidisciplinary approach to create GAM that provide viable alternatives to modify unhealthy lifestyles or unhealthy. It is important the introduction of health education in the creation and sustenance of the same, as it provides a different perspective on the implementation of plans, programs and projects open to meet learning needs and changes in lifestyle with the help of support networks and psycho-emotional aspects intervention, which aims to achieve stability at individual and collective level.
Subject(s)
Health Education , Health Promotion , Self Care , Self-Help Groups , Social SupportABSTRACT
El crecimiento en el consumo de alcohol de la población mexicana, muestra la grave problemática que gira en torno a esta adicción. Las tendencias indican que la edad de inicio del consumo es cada vez más temprana. La edad en la que un sujeto tiene su primer contacto con el alcohol, coincide con el inicio de la adolescencia, edad conflictiva por sí misma. En algunos casos el adolescente busca en el alcohol un medio de evitación, de escape, de refugio o de aceptación social principalmente ante sus amigos y grupo de pares. En esta etapa crítica, el individuo se encuentra en la búsqueda de su propia identidad y tiende a rebelarse ante las figuras de autoridad. Todo esto lo lleva a realizar diversas conductas, que en muchas de las ocasiones no reflexiona sobre las consecuencias que tendrán en su persona, su familia y la comunidad en general. Por lo tanto, pretendemos reflexionar desde el enfoque de género cómo hombres y mujeres presentan esta enfermedad y los factores que pueden estar incidiendo en su aparición, así como resaltar algunas acciones a realizar para tratar de solucionar y prevenir esta problemática.
Increased alcohol consumption in the Mexican population has lead to serious problems around this addiction. The age of onset of alcohol intake is occurring at younger ages increasingly and first contact with alcohol tends to occur at the beginning of adolescence, a period of life fraught with conflicts. In some cases, the teenager will seek evasion or refuge in drinking, or social acceptance from peers and peer groups. In this critical phase, the individual is trying to forge his or her own identity and tends to rebel against figures of authority. All of this leads to a variety of behaviors that many times disregard possible consequences on oneself, ones family and ones community. By adopting a gender perspective, this article attempts to provide some insight as to how men and women develop problem-drinking, factors that may bear an effect on its occurrence, as well as to highlight some actions points that may help to solve and prevent this adverse problem.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Young Adult , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Alcoholism/prevention & control , Family Relations , Mexico/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Self Concept , Sex Factors , Social Support , StudentsABSTRACT
Schistosomiasis is caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, and some snails, particularly of the genus Biomphalaria (Planorbidae), are directly implicated in the transmission of the disease. Continuing with our investigations of bioactive plant constituents, we evaluated and report in the present article, the molluscicidal effects of 16 sesquiterpene lactones, as well as the commercial reagents tetrahydrofuran, furfural, and furfuryl alcohol, on an adult population of B. peregrina. The natural sesquiterpene lactones tested are characteristic constituents of species of the tribe Vernonieae, family Asteraceae. Compounds 1-3 and 7 came from a Bolivian collection of Vernonanthura pinguis, compounds 4 and 5 from an Argentine collection of Cyrtocymura cincta var. cincta, 6 was obtained from a Bolivian collection of Eirmocephala megaphylla, 8-14 from an Argentine collection of Centratherum punctatum ssp. punctatum, and compounds 15 and 16 were obtained by chemical derivatization from 5 and 14, respectively. Ten of the sesquiterpene lactones displayed moderate molluscicidal activity (LD50<100 microg/ml). Commercial reagents were inactive.
Subject(s)
Asteraceae/chemistry , Lactones/chemistry , Molluscacides/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Animals , Lactones/pharmacology , Molluscacides/pharmacology , Parasitic Sensitivity Tests , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Snails/drug effectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine how women in a rural area perceive their bodies and modify their practices, considering alimentary behavior disorders (overweight, obesity, and thinness). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The approach was qualitative. An initial survey of 37 women in Huatecalco, Morelos, Mexico was conducted, from which six mothers were selected for extensive interviews. RESULTS: Concern about their bodies was detected in some of these women. Obesity is rejected and thinness is equated with "beauty", and the publicity around losing weight (diets,"light" foods and drinks, exercise, etc.) is modifying some of the alimentary practices among the women. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the cause of this phenomenon needs to be more extensively investigated, since it could become a public health problem in rural areas of the country.
Subject(s)
Body Image , Feeding Behavior , Rural Population , Adult , Female , Humans , Mexico , Middle Aged , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Determinar cómo perciben su cuerpo las mujeres de una zona rural, a partir de los trastornos del comportamiento alimentario (sobrepeso, obesidad y "delgadez") y modifican sus prácticas. MATERIAL Y M[ÉTODOS: El estudio fue de tipo cualitativo. Se entrevistaron 37 mujeres, de las cuales se seleccionaron seis madres para ser entrevistadas a profundidad, en Huatecalco, Morelos, México. RESULTADOS: Se detectó una preocupación en algunas mujeres sobre el cuerpo: la obesidad es rechazada; ser delgada es sinónimo de "belleza" y la publicidad del "adelgazamiento" (vgr. dietas, alimentos y bebidas light y ejercicio), está modificando algunas prácticas alimentarias entre las mujeres. CONCLUSIONES: Se plantea la necesidad de investigar a mayor profundidad el origen de este fenómeno que puede convertirse en un problema de salud pública en las zonas rurales del país.
OBJECTIVE: To determine how women in a rural area perceive their bodies and modify their practices, considering alimentary behavior disorders (overweight, obesity, and thinness). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The approach was qualitative. An initial survey of 37 women in Huatecalco, Morelos, Mexico was conducted, from which six mothers were selected for extensive interviews. RESULTS: Concern about their bodies was detected in some of these women. Obesity is rejected and thinness is equated with "beauty", and the publicity around losing weight (diets, "light" foods and drinks, exercise, etc.) is modifying some of the alimentary practices among the women. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the cause of this phenomenon needs to be more extensively investigated, since it could become a public health problem in rural areas of the country.
