Two-dimensional liquid chromatography measurement of meropenem concentration in synovial fluid of patients with periprosthetic joint infection.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a catastrophic complication following joint replacement surgery. One potential treatment approach for PJI could be the combination of one-stage revision and intra-articular infusion of antibiotics. Meropenem is one of the commonly used intra-articular antibiotics in our institution. Determining the concentration of meropenem in the joint cavity could be crucial for optimizing its local application, effectively eradicating biofilm infection, and improving PJI treatment outcomes. In this study, we developed a simple, precise, and accurate method of two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) for determining the concentration of meropenem in human synovial fluid. The method was then validated based on the guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Meropenem showed good linearity in the range of 0.31-25.01 µg/mL (r ≥ .999). Selectivity, intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy, extraction recovery, and stability validation results were all within the acceptance range. This method has been successfully applied to the determination of synovial fluid samples from PJI patients, providing a useful detection method for meropenem therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in PJI patients.

Related factors of post-stroke depression in patients with cerebral infarction during hospitalization in rehabilitation department / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectTo explore the risk factors related to the intensity of post-stroke depression in patients with cerebral infarction during hospitalization in the rehabilitation department. MethodsThe hospital consultation records of cerebral infarction patients in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital from December, 2019 to February, 2023 were reviewed from the hospital information system, and those who were diagnosed as depression visited the department of psychology were selected. It was collected including general information of sexes, ages, education levels, matrimony; medical features of course, location, affected side, sensory disorders, aphasia, agrypnia, dysphagia, hand-shoulder syndrome, constipation; functioning of muscle strength and Brunnstrom stages; and scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Balance (FMA-B), modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Patients with HAMD scores ≤ 20 were as the low group, and those > 20 were as the high group. ResultA total of 2 403 hospitalized stroke patients were included, out of which 269 patients with cerebral infarction were diagnosed as depression and visited the department of psychology; while 103 cases were in the low group and 166 cases were in the high group. The incidence of constipation was less, and the incidence of dysphagia and shoulder-hand syndrome was higher in the high group (χ2 > 5.379, P < 0.05), with weaker strength of iliopsoas muscle and quadriceps muscle, earlier of Brunnstrom stage of lower extremities and hands, and worse scores of NIHSS, MMSE, FMA, FMA-B and MBI (|Z| > 2.020, t > 2.171, P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that constipation (OR = 0.435), quadriceps muscle strength (OR = 0.782) and dysphagia (OR = 2.602) related to the intensity of post-stroke depression in convalescent patients (P < 0.05). ConclusionPost-stroke dysphagia and poor quadriceps muscle strength may exacerbate post-stroke depression; however, constipation may not.

Feasibility of a novel type of complex anterior cervical fixation by using Mimics software / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the feasibility of mimics software in analyzing a new type of complex anterior cervical fixation -- anterior transpedicular screw fixation+zero notch internal fixation.@*METHODS@#From January 2021 to September 2022, 50 normal pedestrians who underwent cervical spine CT scanning were selected for C1-C7 segment scanning, including 27 males and 23 females, aged from 25 to 65 years old with an average of (46.0 ± 9.0) years old. The dicom format is exported and engraved into the CD, and use the mimics software to perform 3D reconstruction of each segment. A simulated screw is placed on the image according to the critical value of zero notch screw (head and tail angle 44°, internal angle 29°). The position of zero notch screw in each segment is observed to determine the feasibility of anterior transpedicular screw fixation plus zero notch internal fixation.@*RESULTS@#For the upper zero notch screws the three-dimensional images of the cervical spine across all 50 subjects within the C3-C7 segments demonstrated safe position, with no instances of intersection with ATPS. For the lower zero notch screw, in C3-C4 and C4-C5, 4 out of 50 subjects are in the safe position in the three-dimensional images of cervical vertebrae, and 46 cases could achieve secure screw placement when the maximum caudal angle is(32.3±1.9) ° and (36.1±2.2) °, respectively. In C5-C6 and C6-C7 segments, no lower zero notch screws intersected with ATPS, and all screws are in safe positions.@*CONCLUSION@#Lower cervical anterior pedicle screw fixation plus zero notch internal fixation can achieve successful nail placement through the selected entry point and position.

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrophosphination of 3,3-Disubstituted Cyclopropenes.

Herein, a copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrophosphination of 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes is reported. It provides a series of phosphine derivatives in high to excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The methodology enjoys broad substrate scope on both 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes and diarylphosphines. The high stereoselectivity is attributed to both the high stability of the Cu(I)-(R,R)-QUINOXP* complex in the presence of stoichiometric HPPh2 and the produced phosphines, and the high-performance asymmetric induction of the Cu(I)-(R,R)-QUINOXP* complex. Finally, the method is used for the synthesis of new chiral phosphine-olefin compounds built on a cyclopropane skeleton, one of which serves as a wonderful ligand in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of phenylboronic acid to various α,ß-unsaturated compounds.

Effects of acupuncture on functional gastrointestinal disorders: special effects, coeffects, synergistic effects in terms of single or compatible acupoints.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how the "special effect"/ "coeffect"/"synergistic effect" can achieve a positive result using an "acupuncture prescription" for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in clinical practice, based on the characteristics of single/compatible acupoints and acupuncture techniques. METHODS: According to the search strategy, we searched six electronic bibliographic databases and provided a summary for this overview. RESULTS: A large body of evidence has shown that acupuncture has positive effects in the treatment of FGIDs. However, the "prescription" intervention involved different single acupoints, compatible acupoints and acupoints based on expert consensus. CONCLUSIONS: The core acupoints, including Tianshu (ST25), Zusanli (ST36), and Shangjuxu (ST37), emphasize the application of special acupoints, meridian points and nerve segments, and the two-way regulatory effect found in this study is often used as the basis of acupoint selection and acupoint prescription for acupuncture treatment of FGIDs.

Silencing circ_0000644 inhibits papillary thyroid cancer cell malignancy by combining with miR-671-5p to release the inhibition on ANXA2.

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is life-threatening due to its malignant progression. Considerable evidence demonstrates that circular RNA (circRNA) regulates PTC development. This study aims to explore the mechanism of circ_0000644 modulating PTC malignant progression. METHODS: The RNA levels of circ_0000644, microRNA-671-5p (miR-671-5p) and annexin A2 (ANXA2) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was performed to check protein expression. Cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were investigated by 5-ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine and flow cytometry. Angiogenic capacity, migration and invasion were analyzed by tube formation assay and transwell assay. The interaction between miR-671-5p and circ_0000644 or ANXA2 was identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft mouse model assay was performed to analyze the effect of circ_0000644 on tumor formation in vivo. RESULTS: Circ_0000644 and ANXA2 expression was significantly upregulated, while miR-671-5p was downregulated in PTC tissues and cells when compared with control groups. Circ_0000644 knockdown inhibited PTC cell proliferation, tube formation, migration, and invasion, but induced apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, circ_0000644 knockdown led to delayed tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, circ_0000644 acted as a miR-671-5p sponge and mediated PTC cell tumor properties through miR-671-5p. ANXA2 was identified as a target gene of miR-671-5p, and its overexpression relieved miR-671-5p-induced effects in PTC cells. Furthermore, circ_0000644 depletion inhibited ANXA2 production by combining with miR-671-5p. CONCLUSION: Circ_0000644 depletion repressed PTC cell tumor properties through the miR-671-5p/ANXA2 axis.

Influence of inoculum-to-substrate ratio on biogas enhancement during biochar-assisted co-digestion of food waste and sludge.

High accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is one of the major concerns during mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of food waste (FW) and sewage sludge (SS). Therefore, improving the stability of the anaerobic digestion process could surpass quick acidification while accelerating methanogenesis. In this study, the suitability of biochar-assisted co-digestion was evaluated at different inoculum and substrate ratios (I/S ratios: 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9). The maximum methane yield of 256.85 mL/gVSadd was observed at an I/S ratio of 0.6. The results indicated fast volatile solid removal (∼ 47.17% to 73%) and a critical role of biochar addition in alleviating the underlying inhibitions. Substantial changes in the microbial community composition including Methanosata, Methanobrevibacter, and Methanosarcina were also observed which predominated and stabilised the methanogenesis process at higher I/S ratios. These results emphasised that the anaerobic co-digestion of FW/sludge is a promising approach, wherein the biochar amendment at different I/S ratios should be well maintained to avoid inhibitions from excess microbial VFA acidification of organic waste feedstocks.

Chk1/2 inhibitor AZD7762 blocks the growth of preantral follicles by inducing apoptosis, suppressing proliferation, and interfering with the cell cycle in granulosa cells.

BACKGROUND: Checkpoint kinases 1/2 (Chk1/2) have an important role in somatic cell development and oocyte meiotic maturation. However, the role of Chk1/2 in folliculo-genesis has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Chk1/2 inhibition on ovarian folliculogenesis and granulosa cell development in mice. METHODS: Preantral follicles (100-120 µm) and granulosa cells from pre-ovulatory follicles (pre-GCs) of mice were isolated and cultured with or without Chk1/2 inhibitor AZD7762. Preantral follicles were cultured for 96h. Then, follicle morphology and fol-licular growth were assessed every 48h. Granulosa cells were cultured for 48h with or without AZD7762, after which cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle analysis were assessed; meanwhile, the mRNA expression of PCNA and Bax were measured by real-time RT-PCR, and PCNA and Bax protein were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with control follicles, AZD7762 inhibited growth of preantral folli-cles (P<0.05). Furthermore, inhibition of Chk1/2 significantly induced apoptosis (P<0.05) and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells (P<0.01), arrested cell cycle at S and G2/M phases, and decreased G1 phase fraction (P<0.001). Also, the expres-sion of PCNA mRNA and protein were reduced (P<0.01), while Bax mRNA and pro-tein were increased (P<0.05) post AZD7762 treatment in granulosa cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that Chk1 and Chk2 have a crucial role during preantral follicular development by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of granu-losa cells.

DNA molecular identification of Polyrhachis dives medicinal materials / 药学学报

In the study, specific primers were designed based on the CO Ⅰ gene sequence of Polyrhachis dives. By optimizing the genomic DNA extraction method and amplification conditions, we established an efficient, specific, and accurate DNA molecular identification method for Polyrhachis dives. In this method, the length of the target fragment was 294-308 bp, and the other counterfeits had no target bands. In this paper, the specific identification method of the origin of Polyrhachis dives established can be used to identify the medicinal materials of Polyrhachis dives accurately.

Study on release and antioxidant activity of quercetin after loaded by hot alkali hydrolysis modified UiO-66 material / 药学学报

UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) is a kind of promising material that can improve the release and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble bioactive compounds of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the loading of quercetin in raw UiO-66 was not ideal. In this study, UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating) was obtained by heating UiO-66 and KOH solution following blended them. UiO-66-BH maintained the outline of octahedral structure of UiO-66 but with obvious rough and uneven pores on the surface. UiO-66-BH had good adsorption of quercetin with saturation adsorption was 138.92 mg·g-1, the adsorption process belonged to single molecular layer adsorption and was controlled by chemisorption. UiO-66-BH can control the release of quercetin in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the drug concentration was significantly higher than that of free quercetin after long-term release (36% vs 9%). Compared with quercetin, the ABTS (2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt) radical scavenging activity of UiO-66-BH@quercetin drug delivery system decreased, while the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity remained almost unchanged. The drug delivery system showed a strong antioxidant effect similar to quercetin. The findings indicated that UiO-66-BH could control release of quercetin and was expected to be used as a drug carrier material for some insoluble active components of traditional Chinese medicine such as quercetin.

Properties of new exotic traditional Chinese medicinal Vernonia amygdalina leaves:a literature research / 中国中药杂志

The leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile of the family Asteraceae(also known as "bitter leaf"), rich in biological activities, are used as both medicine and food for a long time in West tropical Africa. They have been introduced into Southeast Asia and Fujian and Guangdong provinces of China in recent years. However, little is known about the properties of the plant in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which limits its combination with other Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, 473 articles on V. amygdalina leaves were selected from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP to summarize their components, pharmacological effects and clinical research. V. amygdalina leaves presented anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological effects. On the basis of the theory of TCM properties, the leaves were inferred to be cold in property and bitter and sweet in flavor, acting on spleen, liver, stomach and large intestine and with the functions of clearing heat, drying dampness, purging fire, removing toxin, killing insects and preventing attack of malaria. They can be used to treat dampness-heat diarrhea, interior heat and diabetes, malaria, insect accumulation and eczema(5-10 g dry leaves by decoction per day and an appropriate amount of crushed fresh leaves applying to the affected area for external use). Due to the lack of TCM properties, V. amygdalina leaves are rarely used medicinally in China. The determination of medicinal properties of the leaves is conducive to the introduction of new exotic medicinal herbs and the development of new TCM resources, which facilitated further clinical application and research and development of Chinese medicinal herbs.

Effects and mechanisms of curcumin on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in chronic ocular hypertension rats / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)in chronic ocular hypertension rats.METHODS:A total of 21 Spraque-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 7 rats in each group. The rat models of chronic ocular hypertension were established by cauterization of the superior scleral veins in the high intraocular pressure model group and the curcumin treatment group, and the sham operation group only cut the conjunctiva without the cauterization of the superior scleral veins; the rats in the curcumin treatment group were intragastrically treated with curcumin at a dose of 4mL/kg, and the rats in the sham operation group and the high intraocular pressure model group were treated with pure water at a dose of 4mL/kg for 3wk. After 3wk, HE staining was used to observe the morphological and pathological changes of retina, the number of RGCs and the thickness of ganglion cell layer(GCL)in each group of rats; TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of RGCs and retinal cells in each group of rats; the expression levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit(GCLM)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in the retina of each group of rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the sham operation group, the retinal morphology of rats in the high intraocular pressure model group and the curcumin treatment group was disorganized, the number of RGCs was reduced, the GCL was thinner, the apoptosis rate of RGCs and retinal cells increased, and the expression levels of GCLM and HO-1 increased. Compared with the high intraocular pressure model group, the retinal morphology of rats in the curcumin treatment group was basically normal, the number of RGCs increased, the GCL thickened, the apoptosis rate of RGCs and retinal cells decreased, and the expression levels of GCLM and HO-1 increased.CONCLUSION:Curcumin can inhibit the apoptosis of RGCs in the rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by up-regulating the expression of antioxidant genes GCLM and HO-1.

Analysis of influencing factors of community elderly health services by general practitioners from the perspective of social ecology / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To identify the influencing factors for community elderly health services provided by general practitioners (GPs) using the social ecological theory, for reference in improving their participation and satisfaction.Methods:According to the social ecological theory, an ecological model for GPs to carry out community elderly health services was constructed from four levels: public policy ecology, community health service ecology, interpersonal relationship ecology, and individual characteristics ecology of general practitioners. A survey questionnaire was designed with six latent variables: public health policy support, public health service and basic medical service supply, doctor-patient relationship, individual participation and individual satisfaction. The questionnaire was distributed to 220 GPs from 11 primary healthcare institutions in Jiangsu province, China, who were randomly selected between October and November 2021. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses of the model were conducted using AMOS 25.0.Results:A total of 207 valid questionnaires were collected, and all the KMO values of the six latent variables were greater than 0.7, while the composite reliability values and average variance extracted values greater than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively. Both the reliability and validity of the data met the analysis requirements. Exploratory analysis revealed that public health policy support had a direct positive effect on both public health service and basic medical service supply (both effect sizes being 0.37). Public health service had a direct positive effect on doctor-patient relationship, individual participation and individual satisfaction (effect sizes being 0.52, 0.22, and 0.31, respectively). The direct effect of basic medical service supply on doctor-patient relationship was not significant (effect size being 0.03), but it had a direct positive effect on public health service (effect size being 0.46). Doctor-patient relationship had a direct positive effect on individual participation (effect size being 0.51), but its direct effect on individual satisfaction was not significant (effect size being 0.06). Individual participation had a direct positive effect on individual satisfaction (effect size being 0.52). Conclusions:By optimizing the public policy ecosystem, community health service ecosystem, and interpersonal relationship ecosystem, the participation and satisfaction of general practitioners can be systematically improved.

Clinical characteristics of pseudopapilledema combined with peripapillary hyper-reflective ovoid mass-like structures in children / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical characteristics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of pseudopapilledema (PPE) combined with peripapillary hyper-reflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) in children.Methods:A retrospective observational study. From October 2019 to May 2021, total 22 eyes from 12 children diagnosed as PPE combined with PHOMS in the Neuro-ophthalmology Department of The First Hospital of Xi’an (Affiliated of The First Hospital of Northwest University) were recruited. Among the children, 6 were male and 6 were female. The average age was (10.6±2.7) years. The average course from disease onset to diagnosis of PPE combined with PHOMS was (8.0±7.5) months. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), relative afferent papillary defect (RAPD), Ishihara's test, fundus photography, OCT, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), ocular B-mode ultrasound, visual field and patternvisual evoked potential (P-VEP). The clinical and OCT characteristics of the patients were observed.Results:The anterior segments of the patients were normal. The intraocular pressures and Ishihara's test were all normal. All RAPD were negative. Total 22 eyes, BCVA was 1.0 in 21 eyes and one eye was 0.12. The fundus photography revealed blurred optic discs margin, showing mild to moderate edema-like elevation with more prominent in the nasal parts, presenting as a "C" shape halo. No obvious abnormal fluorescence was observed in FAF. The OCT scan of involvement eyes showed an elevated appearance in vary degrees, and the sharply marginated ovoid hyper-reflective mass-like structures which laterally herniated into the peripapillary region under retinal nerve fiber layer and above the Bruch membrane were detected with consecutive nasal enlargement scanning, corresponding to the nasal parts in the fundus photography. The higher degree of elevation, the larger the volume. Macular retina pigment epithelium layer and ganglion cell thickness were normal. Ocular B-mode ultrasound showed that the head of the optic nerve in the posterior wall of the eyeball (in front of the optic disc) was elevated in all affected eyes, and there was no strong signal echo in it. Visual field examination showed physical blind spot enlargement in 3 eyes and visual field defect in 2 eyes. P-VEP examination showed that the peak was slightly delayed in 3 eyes and the amplitude was slightly reduced in 3 eyes.Conclusions:Enlarged nasal optic disc OCT scan can improve the detection rate of PHOMS. PHOMS were detected bilaterally in the cases with binocular PPE while only in the effected eye in the cases of monocular PPE; the higher degree of PPE, the lager volume of PHOMS. PHOMS were could contribute to the diagnosis of PPE in children.

Application of three dimensional bio-printing materials for tissue engineering tracheal grafting / 中华器官移植杂志

Currently three dimensional bio-printing technology has become one of the hot topics for tissue engineering tracheal grafting.Different biomaterials have their own performance advantages in the preparation and regeneration of tracheal scaffolds.It is particularly imperative to seek natural or polymeric materials with excellent profiles of printability, structural stability and biocompatibility to enable neo-cartilage formation, neo-epithelialization and neo-vascularization of tissue engineering trachea grafting.This review summarized the shortcomings and challenges of classifying and applying materials for three dimensional bio-printing tissue engineering trachea, aiming to provide new rationales for researches and applications of tissue engineering tracheal grafting.

Prognostic value of the number and anatomical distribution of tumor deposits in patients with gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of tumor deposits (TD) by number and anatomical distribution in gastric cancer (GC) patients without lymph node metastasis.Methods:From Aug 2012 to Aug 2018 all 91 GC patients undergoing radical gastrectomy and without nodal metastasis at Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into L1, L2, and L3 groups according to the number of TD and into Q1 and Q2 groups according to the anatomical regions of the TD.Results:The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates of groups L1, L2, and L3 were 58.9%, 52.1%, and 31.5%, respectively ( χ2=9.769, P=0.008). The 3-year OS rates of groups Q1 and Q2 were 58.9% and 7.1% ( χ2=46.310, P<0.001). The number of TD, their distribution, neural invasion, vascular invasion, tumor size, and pT stage were all related to prognosis by univariate analysis (all P<0.05). Tumor size>4 cm ( HR=2.460, 95% CI:1.307-4.629, P=0.005), distribution of TD (non-perigastric)( HR=3.959, 95% CI:2.077-7.545, P<0.001), neural invasion ( HR=4.299,95% CI:1.953-9.461, P<0.001), and pT 4 stage ( HR=2.283, 95% CI:1.250-4.171, P=0.007) were independent risk factors for prognosis by multivariate analysis. Conclusion:The distribution of TD (non-perigastric) is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy and with negative lymph node metastasis.

Relationship between hippocampal macrophage polarization and perioperative neurocognitive disorders in mice with tibial fracture / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between hippocampal macrophage polarization and perioperative neurocognitive disorders in mice with tibial fractures.Methods:Forty-five clean-grade healthy male C57/BL6 mice, aged 5-7 months, were divided into 3 groups ( n=15 each) using the random number table method: control group (group C), anesthesia group (group A) and anesthesia surgery group (group AS). Group C received no treatment. Group A was anesthetized with isoflurane inhaled for 15 min. In AS group, intramedullary nail fixation of tibial fracture was performed under anesthesia through inhalation of 2% isoflurane. Morris water maze test and open field test were performed before anesthesia/on 1 day before surgery and after anesthesia/on 1, 3 and 7 days after operation. Five mice were randomly selected after the behavioral experiments were completed at each time point, and hippocampal tissues were taken after the animals were sacrificed for determination of the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 12 (CCL2), CCL5, CCL8, iNOS and Arg-1 mRNA (by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction), expression of iNOS and Arg-1 proteins (by Western blot), and percentage of CD11b, CD45, CD86 and CD206 cells in hippcampal area (by immunofluorescence staining). Results:Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged after operation, the number of crossing the platform was reduced after operation, the expression of TNF-ɑ, IL-6, CCL5 and CCL8 mRNA and iNOS protein and mRNA was up-regulated, the expression of Arg-1 protein and mRNA was down-regulated, the percentages of CD11b + CD45 + cells and CD11b + CD86 + cells in the hippocampus were increased, and the percentages of CD11b + CD206 + cells were decreased in AS group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group A ( P>0.05). Compared with group A, the escape latency was significantly prolonged after surgery, the frequency of crossing the platform was reduced after surgery, the expression of iNOS mRNA was up-regulated, the percentages of CD11b + CD45 + cells and CD11b + CD86 + cells were increased, and the percentages of CD11b + CD206 + cells were decreased in AS group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The occurrence of PND may be related to increased polarization to M1 macrophages in the hippocampus and decreased polarization to M2 macrophages in mice with tibial fracture, which further leads to central inflammatory responses.

Analysis of disease characteristics and hospitalization burden of elderly patients with cerebrovascular disease based on home page of medical records / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the disease characteristics and hospitalization burden of elderly inpatients with cerebrovascular disease, so as to provide basis for disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions.Methods:The data of the first page of medical records of elderly inpatients with cerebrovascular disease from 2015 to 2020 in a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province were retrospectively collected.Descriptive analysis, variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out for the research objects using SPSS statistics and Python complex network methods.Results:A total of 14 657 elderly inpatients with cerebrovascular disease were included.From 2015 to 2020, the number of hospitalizations increased from 1 268 to 4 733, the average number of hospitalizations increased from 2.0 to 2.9, the average length of stay decreased from 11.9 days to 9.1 days, and the average number of illnesses increased from 1.9 to 4.9.The five most common comorbidities associated with cerebrovascular diseases were hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, other types of heart disease and other respiratory diseases.From 2015 to 2020, the average hospitalization costs of elderly cerebrovascular inpatients decreased from 20588.1 Chinese yuan(CYN)to 15580.9 Chinese yuan(CYN). The hospitalization cost was mainly composed of drug cost(46.6%), diagnosis cost(28.2%)and treatment cost(20.2%). There were significant differences in the average hospitalization expenses among patients with different gender, age, number of admissions, length of stay and number of diseases( P<0.05 for all). Gender, age, number of hospitalizations and length of stay had an impact on hospitalization expenses. Conclusions:The number of inpatients, comorbidities, and hospitalized times of elderly patients with cerebrovascular disease showed an increasing trend, while the number of hospitalization days and the average hospitalization cost showed a downward trend.Comorbidities associated with cerebrovascular diseases should be one of the concerns of chronic disease management in the elderly.

Comparative research progress of simultaneous PET/MR and PET/CT for clinical application in oncology / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

PET/MR has been clinically applied in 2010 as an emerging and promising multimodal molecular imaging technology. This review includes 33 comparative studies on PET/MR and PET/CT since January 1, 2016, and the results of 15 literatures show that the diagnostic efficacy of PET/MR is better than that of PET/CT (including diagnostic accuracy and TNM staging). Only 11 articles have reported enhanced PET/MR, so the advantages of PET/MR can not be fully reflected.

A meta-analysis on the comparison between endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage and percutaneous drainage for treating pancreatic pseudocyst / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUS-GD) and percutaneous drainage (PD) for the treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) by meta-analysis.Methods:The key words were pancreatic pseudocyst, endoscopic ultrasonography, percutaneous drainage, endoscopic ultrasound-guided, EUS and EUS-guided, and the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed and Web of science were searched from the establishment to October 1, 2021 for the retrospective cohort studies on PD, endoscopic ultrasonography and PPC. The article were screened and the quality was evaluated according to the pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria; and important data were extracted. The software REVMAN5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Results:14 articles were finally included, and a total of 843 patients with PPC were enrolled (485 in the EUS-GD group and 358 in the PD group). Mesh meta-analysis showed that in the incidence of technical success rate, clinical success rate and complication rate, there were no significant differences between PD group and EUS-GD group ( OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.32-1.46; OR=1.31, 95% CI 0.88-1.95; OR=1.01, 95% CI 0.70-1.47, all P value >0.05); but the incidence of the recurrence rate and reintervention rate in EUS-GD group were significantly lower than those in the PD group and the differences were statistically significant ( OR=0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.85; OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.93, all P value <0.05). Conclusions:Compared with PD, EUS-GD can significantly reduce recurrence rate and complication rate, and it has more advantages than PD for the treatment of PPC.