Partial sleep restriction-induced changes in stress, quality of life, and lipid metabolism in relation to cold hypersensitivity: A before-and-after intervention study.

Sleep disturbances are associated with cold hypersensitivity (CH) and characterized by excessive cold sensation in specific body parts and cold thermal discomfort. This study investigated the effects of short-term sleep restriction followed by a recovery phase on subjective health status, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in different types of CH. A total of 118 healthy adults aged 35 to 44 years without sleep disturbances were enrolled. Participants underwent 4-hour sleep restrictions per day for 3 days at a hospital and then returned to their daily lives for 4 days of rest. CH was assessed using a structured questionnaire with eight characteristic symptoms. A questionnaire and blood tests were administered baseline, after sleep restriction, and follow-up to assess cortisol, lipid profiles, and self-reported stress and quality of life (QOL). Participants were divided into CH (44.1%) and non-CH (55.9%) groups. The CH group showed increased stress, impaired QOL, and decreased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels compared to the non-CH group after sleep restriction. The variance for QOL (effect size = 0.07), subjective stress (effect size = 0.053), and LDL-C (effect size = 0.029) among time points depended on the group. Short-term sleep restriction was associated with deterioration of subjective health and reduced lipid metabolism; such changes were more evident in the CH group. Our findings suggest the need to consider an individual's CH status to assess the clinical risk associated with insufficient sleep.

Individual Differences in the Association of Lifestyle with Cardiometabolic Risk in Middle-Aged Koreans Based on Traditional Korean Medicine.

Cardiometabolic (CM) risk differs in morbidity and disease progression depending on lifestyle and individual characteristics. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the association between CM risk and lifestyle and examine whether this association varies based on Sasang constitution (SC), a Korean medicine classification. Data were analyzed from 1996 individuals participating in the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study. Individuals with CM risk had two to five CM risk factors. Lifestyle factors included physical activity, sleep duration, and eating index. SC types were Taeeum-in (TE) and non-TE. We estimated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval for CM risk based on SC and lifestyle factors. Among the participants, 33.9% had a CM risk, and the TE and non-TE groups were 26.2% and 7.7%, respectively. In the TE group, CM risk was associated with low physical activity (OR, 1.63) and moderate eating index (OR, 1.41). In the non-TE group, CM risk was associated with ≥8 h of sleep (OR, 1.87) and marginally associated with ≤6 h of sleep. In the TE group alone, CM risk was significantly associated with lifestyle patterns that combined the three lifestyle factors and was approximately two-fold higher in patterns involving less physical activity. The effects of lifestyle on CM risk differed across SC types. To decrease the burden of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged adults, we recommend an individualized management strategy of healthy lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular risks.