Clinicopathological features and prognosis of IgA nephropathy with crescentic formation in children / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To observe the clinical,pathological features and prognosis of IgA nephropathy in children with crescent formation.Methods A total of 38 cases of children with IgA nephropathy diagnosed by renal biopsy at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether there were crescent formation,they were divided into crescents formation group (crescent formation≥10％,n=18) and control group consisting of children with complete clinical data and matching age,gender and course of disease (no crescent formation,n=20).The clinical,pathological features and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results Fourteen cases (77.78％) of crescents formation group were associated with nausea hematuria,and 12 cases (66.67％) had hypertension,8 patients in control group (40％) had gross hematuria,and 6 cases (30％)had high blood pressure.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In crescents formation group,Alb and eGFR were significantly lower than those of control group.24 h urine protein and Scr were significantly higher than those of control group and there were significant statistically differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Nephropathological changes in crescent formation group were mainly in grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ and were usually combined with tubular interstitial damages.In addition to IgA immunoglobulin deposition,they often accompanied by IgG and IgM immunoglobulin deposition.In control group,nephropathological changes were mainly in grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ and tubular interstitial damages were rare.IgA was the main form of deposition in control group.After 12 weeks steroid treatment and (or) immunosuppressive therapy,urinary protein turned negative in 7 cases in crescent formation group,24 h urinary protein level declined by half than before in 7 cases and no obvious change in 4 cases.In control group,urinary protein turned negative in 12 cases,6 cases showed a more than 50％ decline in urinary protein level and 2 cases had no obvious change.During the 1-3 years of follow-up,renal function of 14 cases and 19 cases was normal in the crescent formation group and control group respectively,serum creatinine of 3 cases and 1 case increased mildly in the crescent formation group and control group respectively,1 case needed dialysis treatment in the crescent formation group and the one in the control group who had slightly increasement of Scr did not reach the standard of dialysis treatment.Conclusions The clinical and pathological manifestations of children with IgA nephropathy with crescent formation are more severe and more likely to manifest renal insufficiency,suggesting that crescent formation is one of the indicators of poor prognosis.

Electrokinetic Separation of Polystyrene Microspheres in Conductive Media on a Microfluidic Chip / 分析化学

A polydimethylsiloxane ( PDMS )/glass microfluidic chip consisting of a three-layer sandwich structure and three-parallel micro-electrode system was fabricated for the separation of polystyrene microspheres according to the particle size in high conductive solution by electric field produced by alternating current. The principle of electrokinetics of microspheres directional movement was investigated. The results showed that, when the applied voltage was 14 V at 100 kHz, the separation efficiency of 10 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres was the best. Similarly, with a voltage of 10 V at 2 MHz, the separation efficiency of 5 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres could achieve the highest value. Meanwhile, the voltage of 11 V at 1 MHz was suitable for the separation of 5 , 10 and 25 μm polystyrene microspheres with the separation efficiency of over 90%. At the same time, the formation of the laminar region in the middle of the electrode gap was the key role of microsphere separation.

Aberrant expression of WWOX protein in epithelial ovarian cancer: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most frequent cause of death from gynecologic cancer. The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) gene is located at 16q23.3-24.1, a region that spans the second most common human fragile site, FRA16D. Abnormalities affecting WWOX at the genomic and/or expression level(s) have been reported in numerous neoplasias and cancer-derived cell lines. The goal of the study was to evaluate WWOX protein expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissues to determine whether they correlated with clincopathologic parameters. We performed WWOX expression analyses by means of immunohistochemistry on 112 epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissues, and ovarian carcinoma-derived SKOV3, 3AO cells. The basic significant level was fixed at P<0.05. Loss of WWOX expression was observed in 32 (28.6%) of 112 ovarian carcinoma samples and was positively correlated with negative estrogen receptor (ER) (P<0.001) and negative progesterone receptor (PR) (P=0.001). A statistically significant correlation was observed between the lack of WWOX expression and the advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages (P=0.02). Furthermore, negative WWOX staining was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.013), whereas no significant differences were found between WWOX and HER-2/neu staining (P=0.79). WWOX protein expression was moderately detectable in SKOV3 cells but not in 3AO cells. Our results indicate that loss of WWOX expression in epithelial ovarian carcinomas correlates with negative ER, negative PR, advanced FIGO stages, and lymph node metastases.

The role of absent in melanoma 2 in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis / 中华传染病杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the role of activation and expression of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN).MethodsFifty-four patients with HBV-GN were recruited into the investigational group,and 25 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and 6 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were included as negative control group and positive control group,respectively.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect AIM2,Caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β expressions in both kidney tissues from the investigational group and negative control group and liver tissues from positive control group.The differences between groups were compared by chi-square test,and the correlation analysis was conducted by Spearman correlation test.ResultsThe positive expression rates of AIM2 in 54 patients of HBV-GN group and 25 of CGN group were 81.4 ％ and 4.0％,respectively (x2 =38.746,P＜ 0.01).AIM2 was found to be expressed in all 6 CHB patients.In HBV-GN group,the expression of AIM2 was positively correlated with Caspase-1 (rs =0.444,P＜0.01),and the expression of IL-1β was also positively correlated with Caspase-1 (rs =0.515,P＜0.01 ).In HBV-GN group,the expression of AIM2 in patients with HBV DNA≥1 ×105 copy/mL was significantly higher than that in those with HBV DNA＜1 × 105 copy/mL (x2 =6.097,P＜0.05).ConclusionThe activation of AIM2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of HBV-GN through Caspase-1 activation and inflammatory factor IL-1β release.

Protective effect of Niaoduqing on the fibrosis in adriamycin nephropathy rats / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the renoprective effect and its possible mechanism of Niaoduqing on the adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy rats. Methods Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control(n=12), ADR-induced nephropathy(model, n = 12), Benazepril-treated ADR nephropathy(Benazepril, n=12)and Niaoduqing-treated ADR nephropathy(Niaoduqing, n =12)groups. The rat nephropathy model was established by adriamycin injection and unilateral nephrectomy. The rats were sacrifficed per batch at the 4th and 8th weekend.The pathological change of nephridial tissue, the 24-hour urinary protein excretion and renal function were examined. Immunohistochemistry was used to meassure the expression of fibronection(FN), collagenⅣ(COLⅣ), osteopontin(OPN). Results The 24-hour urinary protein excretion, BUN, Scr, triglyeride(TG), cholesterol(Cho)in model group were significantly higher than those in normal group(P<0.01), as well as more server glomerulosclerosis in kidney were observed in model group than those in control group(P<0.01), while the albumin(Alb)was lower (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the 24-hour urinary protein excretion, BUN, Scr, TG, Cho were significantly reduced and renal glomerulosclerosis was improved in Niaoduqing group(P< 0.01), while the Alb was higher(P<0.01). Conclusion Niaoduqing palys an important role in the prevention and treatment for nephropathy.

Clinical Observations of 53 cases of Granuloma Annulare / 医学研究杂志

Objective To speculate the precipitating factors,clinical features and histopathological changes in patients with granuloma annulare (GA).Methods A study was performed in 53 patients with GA . Results The incidence of female was more prevalent than male in our study. The exposure of sunlight was found more relatedly in GGA than LGA.The onset age of GGA was inclined to be elder and GGA seemed to last longer.The histopathological study showed that palisading granuloma pattern accounted for 71.7% in all patients,and scattered histiocytic infiltration accounted for 28.3%.Such as cryotherapy,topical steroids were used for LGA and systemic administration was an alternative to GGA. Conclusions Ultraviolet may be associated with the development of generalized GA. The most common pattern is the palisading granuloma though the histopathological changes were variable.Topical therapy is effective in LGA,while the systemic therapy is mainly used for GGA.