ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of red laser (660 nm) photobiomodulation (PBM) with different energies on tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) expression for random skin flap viability in rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sham group (SG), PBM laser group with an energy dose of 0.29 J (0.29G), and PBM laser group with an energy dose of 7.30 J (7.30G). A cranially based dorsal skin flap measuring 10 × 4 cm was raised and a plastic barrier was placed between the flap and its bed. PBM was applied in 3 timepoints: in the immediate postoperative period, in the 1st and in the 2nd postoperative days; the animals were euthanized on the 7th postoperative day. The assessments included: TNF-α expression of 3 different flap areas (proximal, medial and distal), by immunohistochemistry; percentage of skin flap necrosis area, by the paper template method. The statistical analysis was performed through the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, the level of significance adopted was 5% (p < 0.05). TNF-α expression was significantly lower for 7.30G in the proximal area, reduced for SG in the medial point, and larger for 7.30G in the distal area. The percentage of flap necrosis area was significantly reduced for 7.30G. Higher energy doses are more efficacious than lower energy doses for modulating TNF-α expression. PBM with an energy dose of 7.30 J was effective in reducing the expression of TNF-α and increase skin flap viability.
Subject(s)
Low-Level Light Therapy , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Animals , Low-Level Light Therapy/methods , Necrosis , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Skin , Surgical Flaps/pathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Physiotherapy in the plastic surgery post-operative (PO) is essential to provide means for an adequate and fast recovery as it restores function through the use of physiotherapeutic procedures. AIM: The aim of the following study is to verify the effects of the association between the manual lymphatic drainage and the therapeutic ultrasound on pain, oedema and the tissue fibrosis in liposuction and lipoabdominoplasty PO. DESIGN: This is a clinical trial prospective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen women aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this study, in the late PO period following lipoabdominoplasty or liposuction in the abdomen, flanks and lower trunk, which showed tissue fibrosis of the flanks and abdomen regions. They were divided into two groups: Liposuction group and lipoabdominoplasty group. A total of twelve sessions of therapeutic ultrasound followed by the manual lymphatic drainage were performed. The patients were assessed with regard to pain, oedema and tissue fibrosis in different moments: Initial assessment, during assessment and final assessment through the application of the protocol of evaluation of cysts fibrosis levels. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The test of equality for two proportions and the confidence interval test for mean to evaluate the distribution of variables. The significance level adopted for statistical tests was 5% (P < 0.05). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant reduction of pain, swelling and tissue fibrosis in both groups. CONCLUSION: the association between manual lymphatic drainage and the therapeutic ultrasound reduced the swelling and the tissue fibrosis and made pain disappear in liposuction and lipoabdominoplasty PO period.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Assess the effect of hydralazine hydrochloride, for iontophoresis, on the viability of random skin flaps in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats was randonly destributed in 4 groups (n=15), these animals was submited as randon dorsal skin flaps as cranial base with measure 10 x 4 cm. The animals from group 1 was utilized as control, in group 2 was submitted to direct current o 4mA-20' immediately after the surgery and on the two subsequent days. In group 3 the stimulation eletric simulation with hydralazine hydrochloride. In group 4 iontophorese with hydralazine hydrochloride 4mA-20'. The analysis of the results was made on the seventh day post operative and interpreted with test non parametric of Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTS: and the necrotic area stayed fixed in: group 1=45%; group 2=39%; group 3=46% and group 4=41%, being the statistical analysis did not evidenced any significant. CONCLUSION: The hydralazine hydrochloride when taken for iontophorese was not efficacious in reduce the necrotic area.
