ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of ankle-brachial index (ABI)<0.9 and symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD), association with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), and impact of adding ABI measurement to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk screening. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional survey of 6262 participants aged 35-79 in Girona, Spain. METHODS: Standardized measurements (CVRF, ABI, 10-year CHD risk) and history of intermittent claudication (IC), CHD, and stroke were recorded. ABI<0.9 was considered equivalent to moderate-to-high CHD risk (> or =10%). RESULTS: ABI<0.9 prevalence was 4.5%. Only 0.62% presented low ABI and IC. Age, current smoker, cardiovascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension independently associated with ABI<0.9 in both sexes; IC was also associated in men and diabetes in women. Among participants 35-74 free of cardiovascular disease, 6.1% showed moderate-to-high 10-year CHD risk; adding ABI measurement yielded 8.7%. Conversely, the risk function identified 16.8% of these participants as having 10-year CHD risk>10%. In participants 75-79 free of cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of ABI<0.9 (i.e., CHD risk> or =10%) was 11.9%. CONCLUSIONS: ABI<0.9 is relatively frequent in those 35-79, particularly over 74. However, IC and CHD risk> or =10% indicators are often missing. Adding ABI measurement to CHD-risk screening better identifies moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk patients.
Subject(s)
Ankle/blood supply , Blood Pressure Determination , Blood Pressure , Brachial Artery/physiopathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Mass Screening/methods , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Intermittent Claudication/epidemiology , Intermittent Claudication/etiology , Intermittent Claudication/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/complications , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/physiopathology , Predictive Value of Tests , Prevalence , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
As part of the activities on the World Day for Diabetes in 2002, nine professors, one nurse who teaches about diabetes and 126 nursing students at University Schools of Nursing in Barcelona, Lleida, Tarragona, Tortosa and Girona, in collaboration with the Association of Diabetics in Catalonia and with the help of the Advisory Council for Diabetes in Catalonia participated in a diabetes screening campaign on the population residing in Catalonia. This campaign studied the prevalence of type two diabetes in a random sample of the Catalan population. This campaign also proposed to raise the awareness among the general population and among nursing students about the important health consequences diabetes has and to increase investigation and social support measures by nurses related to diabetes. This study checked 4083 persons and discovered 77 cases of altered blood-sugar levels among people who did not know they had diabetes. This finding means that there is a 2.2% prevalence of altered blood-sugar levels in the population who are not diagnosed diabetics. Professors and student participants all gave this experience positive marks and the students' degree of satisfaction was very high.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Con motivo del Día Mundial de la Diabetes de 2002, nueve profesoras, una enfermera educadora en diabetes y 126 estudiantes de enfermería de Escuelas Universitarias de Enfermería de Barcelona, Tarragona, Tortosa y Girona, en colaboración con la Asociación de Diabéticos de Cataluña y con el soporte del "Consell Asesor de la Diabetis a Catalunya", participan en una campaña de cribado de diabetes en la población residente en Cataluña. Esta campaña estudia la prevalencia de diabetes tipo 2 en una muetra oportunista de la población catalana. También pretende sensibilizar a la población general y a los estudiantes de enfermería de la importancia sanitaria de esta enfermedad y potentar el rol investigador y social de la enfermera. Se estudian 4.083 personas y se encuentran 77 glucemias alteradas entre la población sin diabetes conocida. Esto supone una prevalencia de glucemias alteradas del 2,2% en la población no diagnosticada de diabetes. Tanto los profesores como los alumnos participantes valoran positivamente esta experiencia y el ni vel de satisfacción de los estudiantes es muy elevado
As part of the activities on the World Day for Diabetes in 2002, nine professors, one nurse who teaches about diabetes and 126 nursing students at University Schools of Nursing in Barcelona, Lleida, Tarragona, Tortosa and Girona, in collaboration with the Association of Diabetics in Catalonia and with the help of the Advisory Council for Diabetes in Catalonia participated in a diabetes screening campaign on the population residing in Catalonia. This campaign studied the prevalence of type two diabetes in a random sample of the Catalan population. This campaign also proposed to raise the awareness among the general population and among nursing students about the important health consequences diabetes has and to increase investigation and social support measures by nurses related to diabetes. This study checked 4083 persons and discovered 77 cases of altered blood-sugar levels among people who did not know they had diabetes. This finding means that there is a 2.2% prevalence of altered blood-sugar levels in the population who are not diagnosed diabetics. Professors and student participants all gave this experience positive marks and the students' degree of satisfaction was very high
