The various pathological manifestations of a lightning strike exemplified in a single four-fatality incident - A case report and review of a literature.

The lightning strike is one of leading cases of weather-related death worldwide. We present an unusual case of four fatality-lightning strike with various pathological manifestations. All victims died from a single lightning strike in the mountains that also caused injury to 156 other people. All victims had mechanical damage and rock damage that are typical for lightning strikes in the mountainside. Another lesions indicative of lightning strike and electrical damage were, among others: burnt and torn clothes (all cases) current marks (Cases 1, 2 and 3) and Lichtenberg figures along with flashover marks on Case 1. In the review we described the pathophysiological mechanisms of lightning-induced lesions and injuries and epidemiological trends of lightning-strike deaths. Our study exemplifies various manifestations of lightning strikes on forensic examination and underlines the necessity to take lightning strike into consideration when investigating open-air deaths of unclear origin.

Evaluation of usefulness of post-mortem computed tomography in the diagnosis of abdominal parenchymal organ injuries compared to medicolegal autopsy findings

INTRODUCTION: Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) is an examination technique which provides particular benefits in forensic medical practice in the evaluation of traumatic injuries. However, the usefulness of PMCT in the diagnosis of parenchymal structures in the human body is not obvious. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the usefulness of PMCT in the diagnosis of parenchymal organ injuries (liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys) and the presence of blood in the abdominal cavity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on a population of deceased persons who underwent medicolegal autopsy in the Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow. The study included cases of violent death with the presence of blunt-force trauma. In all cases studied, the autopsy examination was preceded by PMCT. Both methods were employed to identify signs of injury to parenchymal organs and the presence of blood in the abdominal cavity. Observations made during the autopsies were considered in this study as the gold standard to which the PMCT findings were compared. RESULTS: The data obtained in the study was analyzed statistically to determine a range of parameters including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and reliability. The values were presented in a tabulated form. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of usefulness of PMCT in the detection of abdominal parenchymal organ injuries and the presence of blood in the abdominal cavity failed to yield satisfactory results that would justify the application of PMCT in medicolegal practice as a diagnostic tool comparable to autopsy. However, promising results were obtained with respect to the suitability of PMCT as a screening test to exclude the presence of such injuries.