Enhancing saturable absorption in a Au-decorated MoS2/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite through plasmon resonance and Pauli blocking.

We have effectively demonstrated a technique for substantial alteration of the nonlinear saturable absorption (SA) properties in nanocomposite films (NCF) composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This control is achieved by adjusting the AuNP concentration on the MoS2 surface and varying the input pulse energy of the laser. The simple drop-casting method is used to create the nanocomposite films (NCFs) on a glass substrate with different amounts of Au-decorated MoS2. The Kramers-Kronig equations are employed for determining the refractive index and extinction coefficient values of the resulting NCFs. Nonlinear investigations reveal that adding Au-decorated MoS2 to pure PEDOT:PSS alters its optical nonlinearity. Surface plasmon resonance and Pauli blocking have been observed in Au-decorated MoS2/PEDOT:PSS NCFs. This increases NCF's saturable absorption. An open aperture Z-scan method is utilized to study nonlinear optics, with excitation achieved using a nanosecond (ns) pulsed laser operating at a 532 nm wavelength. The findings reveal the noteworthy saturable absorption characteristics of the NCFs.

Epigenetic regulation during meiosis and crossover.

Meiosis is a distinctive type of cell division that reorganizes genetic material between generations. The initial stages of meiosis consist of several crucial steps which include double strand break, homologous chromosome pairing, break repair and crossover. Crossover frequency varies depending on the position on the chromosome, higher at euchromatin region and rare at heterochromatin, centromeres, telomeres and ribosomal DNA. Crossover positioning is dependent on various factors, especially epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, histone variants and non-coding RNAs are most probably playing an important role in positioning of crossovers on a chromosomal level as well as hotspot level. DNA methylation negatively regulates crossover frequency and its effect is visible in centromeres, pericentromeres and heterochromatin regions. Pericentromeric chromatin and heterochromatin mark studies have been a centre of attraction in meiosis. Crossover hotspots are associated with euchromatin regions having specific chromatin modifications such as H3K4me3, H2A.Z. and H3 acetylation. This review will provide the current understanding of the epigenetic role in plants during meiotic recombination, chromosome synapsis, double strand break and hotspots with special attention to euchromatin and heterochromatin marks. Further, the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating meiosis and crossover in other organisms is also discussed.

A Novel Minimal Access Technique for Removal of Impacted Third Molars using Lasers - SMAL Technique.

Postoperative complications following third molar removal may interfere with the daily activities of patients, such as mastication, speech, and sleep. Various novel methods have been developed to reduce this postoperative discomfort, but these have their own advantages and disadvantages. This novel technique, Sunil's minimal access laser (SMAL) technique, aims to minimize the postoperative swelling and pain and improve healing by combining minimal access incision by using a diode laser.

An endogenous growth approach on the role of energy, human capital, finance and technology in explaining manufacturing value-added: A multi-country analysis.

The multi-dimensional benefits offered by the manufacturing sector in economic growth and development make academicians and policymakers to consider this sector still as an engine of growth. The unique qualities of this sector occupy a predominant place in the development policies around the world. Against these insights gained from economic literature, the study empirically investigates the role of energy, human capital, finance and technology in influencing manufacturing value-added in an endogenous growth framework by assessing short-run and long-run relation through ARDL bounds test approach followed by VECM causality test. The results testify the existence of energy-led, finance-led (supply leading), technology-led, and human capital-led growth hypotheses. These results give important insights and directions to have long term well-framed policy perspectives to develop financial institutions, the uninterrupted energy flow to the manufacturing sector, a blend of education and skill intensive programs and, an import strategy specially designed to obtain the spillover benefit of foreign technology.

Estimating the causal relationship between electricity consumption and industrial output: ARDL bounds and Toda-Yamamoto approaches for ten late industrialized countries.

This research investigates the effects of electricity consumption (major independent variable), per capita income, real exchange rate, import and export on manufacturing output by using yearly time series data for the period of 1980-2016 with regard to 10 late industrialized nations. The ARDL bound testing approach, the way to deal with cointegration is applied to estimate the long-run connection between the variables. While, error correction method (ECM) is used to find the short-run dynamics. To test the causality among the variables, Toda-Yamamoto test is performed. The results demonstrate the existence of short-run and long-run relationship among the variables and Toda-Yamamoto causality results support the existence of growth, conservation, feedback and neutrality hypotheses for different nations. The difference in the results can be attributed to structural and macroeconomic parameters. In general, this research brings out a fresh lead of knowledge for late industrialized nations to strengthen their economic development through proficient utilization of energy consumption.

A Case of Intraorbital Intraconal Lymphangioma with Post-traumatic Apoplexy.

Orbital lymphangioma is an infrequent benign cystic lesion manifesting in childhood and presenting with slowly progressive proptosis, and restriction of eye movements. Here we report a rare case of 8 year old male patient presenting with unilateral painful proptosis and subconjunctival hemorrhage with decrease of vision and restriction of eye movements. CT scan and MRI were done which revealed an intraorbital and intraconal cystic space occupying lesion. Fronto-orbito zygomatic craniotomy was done for orbital decompression and subtotal excision of tumor and blood evacuation. Histopathological findings were suggestive of lymphangioma.