ABSTRACT
AIM@#Sargassum wightii Greville is a marine brown alga belonging to the Sargassaceae family which has about 200 species. The ethanolic extract of the whole dry plant powder contained numerous phytoconstituents, including flavonoids. The study was focused on the anticancer activity of Sargassum wightii in mice.@*METHOD@#The ethanolic extract of Sargassum wightii (EESW) at two dose levels was used to examine the anticancer activity in mice using DAL cell lines to induce cancer. The body weight, viable and non-viable tumor cell count, mean survival time, increase in life span, and hematological parameters were observed for anticancer activity of EESW.@*RESULTS@#The intraperitoneal inoculation of DAL cells in mice significantly increased cancer cell count. The decrease in the cancer cell number observed in the EESW-treated group cancer animals indicates that the test drug has a significant inhibitory effect on the tumor cell proliferation. Treatment with EESW also showed a significant decrease in tumor weight, and hence increased the lifespan of DAL-treated mice. In addition, EESW administration significantly restored the hematological parameters in DAL-treated mice.@*CONCLUSION@#The present study results suggest that administration of extract offers enhanced antioxidant potential. Therefore it can be concluded from this study that EESW possesses anticancer activity.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Ascites , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Hematology , Lymphoma , Drug Therapy , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Sargassum , Survival RateABSTRACT
CONTEXT: The plant Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine. (Acanthaceae) is widely used in the Indian System of Medicine as "Rasayana" for treating brain and liver diseases. OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluated the in vivo antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of aterpenoid rich fraction (TF) from Hygrophila auriculata in a rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats were grouped as sham control, tGCI control, vitamin E (500 mg/kg) and TF (100 & 200 mg/kg) treated groups. Following 7 days of drug administration, animals were subjected to tGCI by permanent occlusion of both vertebral and transient occlusion of carotid arteries for 10 min followed by reperfusion. The neuroprotective effect was assessed by tGCI induced neurological, sensory motor deficit in rats. Brain antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated. Further, a histopathological examination was done in CA1 hippocampus. RESULTS: tGCI induction resulted in an increase in beam balance score (5.1), number of entries in open field (131) and a decrease in time spent in rotorod (47 s). In contrast, TF treatment resulted in a significant decrease in (p < 0.01) beam balance score (2.9), number of entries (67) and increased time spent in rotorod (63.25 s). There was also a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in brain SOD and GSH with an increase in MDA. TF treatment resulted in restoration of antioxidants and protection of hippocampal CA1 neurons against tGCI insult. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that TF from Hygrophila auriculata shows neuroprotective potential against tGCI induced oxidative stress.
Subject(s)
Acanthaceae/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Brain/drug effects , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Terpenes/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Brain/metabolism , Brain/pathology , Brain/physiopathology , Brain Ischemia/complications , Brain Ischemia/metabolism , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Brain Ischemia/psychology , CA1 Region, Hippocampal/drug effects , CA1 Region, Hippocampal/pathology , Catalase/metabolism , Cytoprotection , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Neuroprotective Agents/isolation & purification , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal , Postural Balance/drug effects , Psychomotor Performance/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/etiology , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology , Reperfusion Injury/psychology , Rotarod Performance Test , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Terpenes/isolation & purification , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the protective effect of tannins from Ficus racemosa (F. racemosa) on the lipid profile and antioxidant parameters in high fat meal and streptozotocin induced hypercholesteremia associated diabetes model in rats.@*METHODS@#The crude tannin fraction was separated from the acetone (70% v/v) bark extract of F. racemosa. Oral administration of tannin fraction (TF) (100 & 200 mg/kg body weight) to rats fed with high fat meal for 30 days (4% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid, 0.5% egg albumin) and injected with streptozotocin (35 mg/kg i.p. in citrate buffer on 14th day).@*RESULTS@#The administration of TF significantly reverse the increased blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein and also significantly restored the insulin and high density lipoprotein in the serum. In addition tannins significantly restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and decreased the, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione, thereby restoring the antioxidant status of the organs to almost normal levels.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results of this study show that two different doses of tannin supplementation had a favorable effect on plasma glucose and lipid profile concentrations. It also had an influence on attenuating oxidative stress in diabetic tats.