Metallococcus carri gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Dermacoccaceae isolated from an automotive air conditioning system.

Strain designated DB0510T was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in Korea. Cells are gram-stain-positive, aerobic, and coccoid. The strain grew at 15-45 â„ƒ, pH 5.0-8.5 and 0-8.0% (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurs on R2A, trypticase soy agar, Luria-Bertani agar, and nutrient agar. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain belongs to the family Dermacoccaceae and strain DB0510T was distinctly separated from validly named genera of this family. Signature nucleotides in 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain contained the Dermacoccaceae family-specific 16S rRNA signature nucleotides patterns. The major fatty acids were C17:0 and C17:1 cis-9. The only menaquinone was MK-8 (H4). The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, and two unidentified lipids. The diagnostic cell-wall amino acid at position 3 of the peptide subunit was found to be lysine. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, and serine and thus the peptidoglycan type was concluded to be of A4α type with Lys-Gly-Ser-Asp interpeptide bridge. The genome size was 3.49 Mbp and G + C content of the genome DNA was 69.4 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genomic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain DB0510T is considered to represent a novel genus and species within the family Dermacoccaceae, for which the name Metallococcus carri gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Metallococcus carri is DB0510T (= KACC 19663 T = NBRC 113349 T).

Massilia aromaticivorans sp. nov., a BTEX Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Arctic Soil.

A novel BTEX degrading bacterial strain, designated ML15P13T, was isolated from Arctic soil at the Svalbard Islands, Norway, using an enrichment culture technique. This isolate is Gram-negative, aerobic, motile with multiple flagella at one polar end, and rod-shaped. Growth was observed at 4-35 °C, pH 6.0-8.0, and 0-0.5% (w/v) NaCl. According to 16S rRNA gene analysis, strain ML15P13T was grouped with members of the genus Massilia and closely related to Massilia atriviolacea SODT (98.4%), Massilia violaceinigra B2T (98.3%), Massilia eurypsychrophila B528-3T (97.7%), Massilia glaciei B448-2T (97.7%), and Massilia psychrophila B115-1T (96.6%). Average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average amino acid identity between genome sequences of strain ML15P13T and the closely related species ranged from 75.8 to 84.3%, from 19.6 ± 1.0 to 21.6 ± 0.3%, and from 68.8 to 71.0%, respectively. The major fatty acids were C16:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c), and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). Q-8 was the major ubiquinone. The polar lipid profile showed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified phospholipid, and five unidentified polar lipids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 64.2 mol%. Based on the results for genotypic and phenotypic study, we conclude that strain ML15P13T represents a novel species of the genus Massilia, for which the name Massilia aromaticivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ML15P13T (= KACC 21773T = JCM 34089T).

Caenimonas soli sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A non-motile, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain S4T, was obtained from soil sampled at Wonju, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Cells were white-coloured, aerobic, grew optimally at 25-32 °C on R2A agar plate. A phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain S4T formed a lineage within the family Comamonadaceae. The closest members were Caenimonas terrae SGM1-15T (98.1% sequence similarity), Caenimonas koreensis EMB320T (97.5%) and Ramlibacter solisilvae 5-10T (97.8%). The sequence similarities of strain S4T with other members of the family Comamonadaceae were ≤ 97.5%. The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the principal polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 :0 2-OH/C16 :1 ω7c), C16:0 and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). The DNA G + C content was 65.1 mol%. In addition, the average nucleotide identity (ANIu) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) relatedness values between strain S4T and Caenimonas koreensis were 77.6 and 21%, respectively. Based on genomic, chemotaxonomic, phenotypic, and phylogenetic analyses, strain S4T represents a novel species in the genus Caenimonas, for which the name Caenimonas soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S4T (= KCTC 72742T = NBRC 114610T).

Flavisolibacter aluminii sp. nov., a novel member of the genus Flavisolibacter isolated from an automotive air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, and yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain ID1709T, was isolated from an automotive air conditioning system collected in Korea. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain ID1709T had 92.2-94.3% similarities with the type strains of members of the genus Flavisolibacter. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c). The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, aminoglycophospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids, and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G + C content of the strain was 35.6 mol%. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic data, strain ID1709T represents a novel species in the genus Flavisolibacter, for which the name Flavisolibacter aluminii sp. nov. (= KACC 19451T = KCTC 52778T = NBRC 112870T), is proposed.

Tardibacter chloracetimidivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Sphingomonadaceae isolated from an agricultural soil from Jeju Island in Republic of Korea.

A pale yellow bacterial strain, designated JJ-A5T, was isolated form an agricultural soil from Jeju Island in Republic of Korea. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, motile, flagellated and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 15-30°C, pH 6.0-9.0, and in the presence of 0-1.5% (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred on R2A, but not on Luria-Bertani agar, nutrient agar, trypticase soy agar and MacConkey agar. The strain utilized alachlor as a sole carbon source for growth. The strain JJ-A5T showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities lower than 95.4% with members of the family Sphingomonadaceae. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain belongs to the family Sphingomonadaceae and strain JJ-A5T was distinctly separated from established genera of this family. The strain contained Q-10 as dominant ubiquinone and spermidine as major polyamine. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c), summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c), 11-methyl C18:1ω7c, C16:0 and C14:0 2-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, sphingoglycolipid, and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G + C content of the strain was 62.7 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genomic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain JJ-A5T is considered to represent a novel genus and species within the family Sphingomonadaceae, for which the name Tardibacter chloracetimidivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Tardibacter chloracetimidivorans is JJ-A5T (= KACC 19450T = NBRC 113160T).

Flavisolibacter carri sp. nov., isolated from an automotive air-conditioning system.

A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and yellow bacterium, designated TX0651T, was isolated from an automotive air-conditioning system. Phylogenetically, the strain groups with the members of the genus Flavisolibacter and exhibits high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Flavisolibacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 636T (97.4%), Flavisolibacter ginsengiterrae Gsoil 492T (96.3%) and Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli Gsoil 643T (96.2%). DNA-DNA relatedness between TX0651T and F. ginsenosidimutans KCTC 22818T and F. ginsengiterrae KCTC 12656T were determined to be less than 40%. The low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness identifies the strain TX0651T as a novel species in the genus Flavisolibacter. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as iso-C15:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), iso-C15:1 G and iso-C17:0 3-OH. The predominant respiratory quinone was identified as MK-7. The polar lipids were found to be comprised of phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified amino-glycophospholipids, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified amino lipid and unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was determined to be 31.2 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain TX0651T should be classified in a novel species in the genus Flavisolibacter, for which the name Flavisolibacter carri sp. nov. (= KACC 19014T = KCTC 52836T = NBRC 111784T) is proposed.

Deinococcus aluminii sp. nov., isolated from an automobile air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-positive and pale pink-pigmented bacterial strain, designated ID0501T, was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in the Republic of Korea. The cells were aerobic and coccoidal. The strain grew at 15-40 ˚C (optimum, 37 ˚C), at pH 6.0-7.0 (optimum, pH 6.5), and in the presence of 0-1.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was related to members of the genus Deinococcus and showed the highest sequence similarity, of 96.9 %, with Deinococcus metallilatus MA1002T. The major fatty acids of the strain were iso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C13 : 0. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-8. The polar lipids profile revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid and unidentified glycolipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 68.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain ID0501T represents a novel species of the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcusaluminii sp. nov. (=KACC 19286T=NBRC 112889T) is proposed.

Flavisolibacter metallilatus sp. nov., isolated from an automotive air conditioning system and emended description of the genus Flavisolibacter.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and pale yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain TX0661T, was isolated from an automotive air conditioning system collected in the Republic of Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain TX0661T was grouped with members of the genus Flavisolibacter and the strain had 98.2-95.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the species of the genus Flavisolibacter. DNA-DNA relatedness between TX0661T and Flavisolibacter ginsenosidimutans KCTC 22818T and Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli KCTC 12657T was less than 30 %. The low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness identified strain TX0661T as a novel species in the genus Flavisolibacter. The strain grew at 28-37 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 6.0-7.0 (optimum, pH 6.5) and in the presence of 0-0.5 % (w/v, optimum, 0.5 %) NaCl. It contained summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as major fatty acids and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The polar lipid profile revealed that the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, aminoglycophospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 49.1 mol%. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain TX0661T represents a novel species in the genus Flavisolibacter, for which the name Flavisolibactermetallilatus sp. nov. (=KACC 19145T=KCTC 52779T=NBRC 111784T) is proposed.

Spirosoma metallilatum sp. nov., isolated from an automotive air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated TX0405T, was isolated from an automotive air conditioning system. Colonies were circular, convex, semi-translucent, smooth and yellow. The strain grew at 20-28°C (optimum, 28°C), at pH 6.0-7.5 (optimum, pH 6.5) and in the presence of 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain was grouped with the members of the genus Spirosoma, with the sequence similarities of 93.0 and 92.3 % with Spirosoma panaciterrae DSM 21099T and Spirosoma swuense JBM2-3T, respectively. The major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) (33.2 %), C16 : 1ω5c (25.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 (15.0 %), C16 : 0 (6.5 %) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (6.2 %). The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified aminophospholipids and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 51.9 mol%. On the basis of the data presented, strain TX0405T represents a novel species of the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosomametallilatum sp. nov. (=KACC 19012T=NBRC 112493T) is proposed.

Deinococcus multiflagellatus sp. nov., isolated from a car air-conditioning system.

A gamma radiation-resistant and pink-to-red pigmented bacterial strain, designated ID1504T, was isolated from a car air-conditioning system sampled in Korea. The cells were observed to be Gram-stain negative, aerobic, motile with peritrichous flagella and short rod-shaped. Phylogenetically, the strain groups with the members of the genus Deinococcus and exhibits high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Deinococcus arenae SA1T (94.0%), Deinococcus actinosclerus BM2T (93.9%) and Deinococcus soli N5T (93.5%). The predominant fatty acids were identified as C17:0, C16:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) and iso-C17:0. The major respiratory quinone was identified as MK-8. The polar lipids were found to be comprised of unidentified phospholipids, unidentified glycolipids, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of the strain was determined to be 68.3 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain ID1504T should be classified in a novel species in the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcus multiflagellatus sp. nov. (= KACC 19287T = NBRC 112888T) is proposed.

Spirosoma metallum sp. nov., isolated from an automobile air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative and yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated TX0653T, was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in Korea. The cells were aerobic and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 10-28 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6.0-7.5 (optimum, 6.5), and in the presence of 0-1% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0%). Phylogenetically, the strain was related to members of the genus Spirosoma (95.1-90.8% 16S rRNA sequence similarity) and distantly related to Spirosoma pulveris JSH5-14T (95.1%), Spirosoma fluviale MSd3T (95.0%), Spirosoma endophyticum DSM 26130T (94.8%), and Spirosoma linguale DSM 74T (94.6%). The major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c), C16:1 ω5c, iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and C16:0. MK-7 was identified as the predominant menaquinone. The polar lipids profile indicated the presence of one phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified phospholipids, and three unidentified lipids. On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain TX0653T represents a novel species in the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosoma metallum sp. nov. (= KACC 19278T = NBRC 112495T) is proposed.

Roseomonas terricola sp. nov., isolated from agricultural soil.

A novel strain, designated EM302T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from farmland located in Yesan-gun in the Republic of Korea. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile without flagella and coccobacilli-shaped. Colonies were circular with entire edges, convex, opaque and pink. The strain grew at 15-40 ˚C (optimum, 35 ˚C) and pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, 7.0). The strain grew in R2A medium without the addition of NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis, strain EM302T was found to be phylogenetically related to Roseomonas wooponensis WW53T (96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Roseomonas arcticisoli MC 3624T (95.2 %), Roseomonas aerilata 5420-30T (94.5 %), Roseomonas pecuniae N75T (94.4 %) and Roseomonas vinacea CPCC 100056T (94.4 %). The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 65.7 mol%. On the basis of data presented here, strain EM302T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseomonas, for which the name Roseomonasterricola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EM302T (=KACC 13942T=KCTC 42906T=NBRC 111477T).

Spirosoma carri sp. nov., isolated from an automobile air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative and yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated TX0406T, was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in Korea. The cells were non-motile, aerobic and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 15-37 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6.0-7.0 (optimum, 6.5) and in the presence of 0-1.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was related to members of the genus Spirosoma(93.7-90.7 % 16S rRNA sequence similarities) and showed the highest sequence similarity of 93.7 % to Spirosomapulveris JSH5-14T. The major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 1ω5c and C16 : 0. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, unidentified aminophospholipids and unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 58.7 mol%. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain TX0406T represents a novel species in the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosoma carri sp. nov. (=KACC 19013T=NBRC 112494T) is proposed.

Sphingomonas carri sp. nov., isolated from a car air-conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated PR0302T, was isolated from a car evaporator core collected in Korea. The cells were strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 15-37 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, 7.0) and in the presence of 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was closely related to members of the genus Sphingomonas(97.04-91.22 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities) and showed the highest sequence similarity of 97.04 % to Sphingomonas kyeonggiensis THG-DT81T. It contained C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C14 : 0 2-OH as the predominant fatty acids and Q-10 as the major ubiquinone. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingoglycolipid. The major polyamine was sym-homospermidine. The serine palmitoyl transferase gene (spt) was detected and sphingolipid synthesis was confirmed. The mean DNA G+C content of the strain was 67.8±0.5 mol%. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain PR0302T and closely related type strains of Sphingomonas species was less than 30 %. The low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness identified strain PR0302T as a member of a novel species in the genus Sphingomonas. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain PR0302T represents a novel species in the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas carri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PR0302T (=KACC 18487T=NBRC 111532T).

Oryzihumus soli sp. nov., isolated from soil and emended description of the genus Oryzihumus.

A novel strain designated Aerobe-19T was isolated from a soil sample collected from a lawn located in Seoul National University in Korea. The cells were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, and coccus-shaped. Colonies were circular with entire edges, convex, opaque and pale yellow. The strain grew at 15-30 ˚C (optimum, 30 ˚C), pH 5.0-7.0 (optimum, 6.0) and in the presence of 0-0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was found to be closely related to members of the genus Oryzihumus and showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.4 and 96.3 % with Oryzihumus leptocrescens NRRL B-24347T and Oryzihumus terrae KACC 16543T, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8 (H4). The polar lipids profile revealed the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids, unknown amino-glycophospholipid, unknown phospholipid and unknown lipids. The peptidoglycan type was A1γ. The DNA G+C content of this stain was 73.9 mol%. On the basis of data presented, strain Aerobe-19T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Oryzihumus, for which the name Oryzihumus soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Aerobe-19T (=KACC 18485T =KCTC 39705T=NBRC 111450T).

Spirosoma metallicus sp. nov., isolated from an automobile air conditioning system.

A Gram-stain-negative and orangish yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated PR1014KT, was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain PR1014KT was related with the members of the genus Spirosoma (94.7-90.2%) and closely related with Spirosoma lacussanchae CPCC 100624T (94.7%), Spirosoma knui 15J8-12T (94.3%), and Spirosoma soli MIMBbqt12T (93.3%). The strain grew at 15-40°C (optimum, 25°C), pH 6.5-7.0 (optimum, 6.5) and 0-1% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0%). The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), C16:0, iso-C15:0, C16:1 ω5c, and iso-C17:0 3-OH. The major menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile of the strain indicated that the presence of one phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified aminophospholipids, and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 47.4 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain PR1014KT represents a novel species in the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosoma metallicus sp. nov. (=KACC 17940T =NBRC 110792T) is proposed.

Reyranella terrae sp. nov., isolated from an agricultural soil, and emended description of the genus Reyranella.

A novel strain designated 11G32T was isolated from an agricultural soil cultivated with Chinese cabbage in Korea. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 15-28 °C (optimum, 20 °C), pH 5.0-7.0 (optimum, pH 5.0-6.0) and without NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was found to be closely related to members of the genus Reyranella and showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.18, 96.76 and 95.99 % with Reyranella graminifolii Wo-34T, Reyranella massiliensis 521T and Reyranella soli KIS14-15T, respectively. The major fatty acids were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10. The polar lipids profile revealed the presence of phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, unidentified aminolipids, unidentified phospholipids and unidentified lipids. On the basis of data presented, strain 11G32T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Reyranella, for which the name Reyranella terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 11G32T (=KACC 18486T=NBRC 111476T).

Massilia chloroacetimidivorans sp. nov., a chloroacetamide herbicide-degrading bacterium isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated TA-C7eT, was isolated from an agricultural soil obtained from Taean region, Korea. Phylogenetically, the strain was grouped with the genus Massilia and shared 95.33-97.97% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with the type strains of other species of the genus Massilia. The DNA-DNA hybridisation between TA-C7eT and Massilia haematophila KACC 13771T, Massilia suwonesis KACC 12635T, and Massilia yuzhufengensis KACC 16569T revealed a low level of relatedness (<40%). The low levels of DNA-DNA hybridisation values identified strain TA-C7eT as a novel species in the genus Massilia. The major fatty acids of the strain were C16:0 (37.3%) and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) (40.6%). Q-8 was identified as the only isoprenoid quinone. The polar lipids profile of the strain showed the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was found to be 63.2 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain TA-C7eT represents a novel species in the genus Massilia, for which the name Massilia chloroacetimidivorans sp. nov. (=KACC 18674T = NBRC 112463T) is proposed.

Pontibacter rugosus sp. nov., isolated from seawater.

A motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain KYW1030T, was isolated from seawater collected from the Gwangyang bay (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The major fatty acids were summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The strain contained MK-7 as the major isoprenoid quinone, phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. The DNA G+C content was 46 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KYW1030T forms an evolutionary lineage within the radiation enclosing the members of the genus Pontibacter, with Pontibacterakesuensis AKS 1T (97.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) as its nearest neighbour. A number of phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain KYW1030T from the related members of the genus Pontibacter. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, a novel species, Pontibacter rugosus sp. nov., is proposed for strain KYW1030T (=KACC 18739T=JCM 31319T).

Dongia soli sp. nov., isolated from soil from Dokdo, Korea.

A Gram-stain negative, white-pigmented bacterial strain, designated D78(T), was isolated from soil obtained from Dokdo in Korea. The strain was observed to be aerobic, asporogenous and rod-shaped. The strain was observed to grow at 15-40 °C (optimum 37 °C), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum 7.0-7.5) and in the presence of 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was found to be closely related to members of the genus Dongia and showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Dongia mobilis LM22(T) and Dongia rigui 04SU4-P(T) of 94.6 and 94.4 %, respectively. The major fatty acids were identified as C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). Q-10 was identified as the only ubiquinone. The polar lipids profile was found to contain phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and three unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was found to be 54.7 mol%. Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain D78(T) represents a novel species in the genus Dongia, for which the name Dongia soli sp. nov. (=KACC 13941(T) =LMG 29193(T)) is proposed.