Level of Interleukins IL-6 and IL-15 in Blood Plasma of Mice after Forced Swimming Test.

We measured the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-15 in blood plasma of mice at different terms after forced swimming, taking into account exercise intensity and preliminary training. It was shown that training was an important factor affecting blood plasma level of IL both at rest and after single forced swimming: in trained animals, the concentration of both myokines increased immediately after swimming, while in untrained animals, this increase was observed only after 5 h. Changes in cytokine production against the background of training can be associated with various factors, including neuroendocrine mechanisms, stress, modification of intracellular signaling, as well as reorganization of transcriptional mechanisms in muscle fibers. The most important factor is shift in the ratio of monovalent cations (sodium and potassium) in the cytoplasm.

[Secretory Function of Skeletal Muscles: Producing Mechanisms and Myokines Physiological Effects].

Skeletal muscle cells secrete a variety of hormones and cytokines, which are referred to as myokines. Different modes of exercise are the main factor of myokines producing. The myokines expression level is increased in an exponential fashon proportional to the length of exercise and the amount of muscle mass engaged in the exercise. These myokines are described to communicate with cells in an autocrine/ paracrine manner. Thus it ensures the maintenance of homeostasis and adaptarion to physical stress. This myokines role is provided by a vriety of effects. It is assumed that exercise increases myokines transcription via signaling systems that are activated in response to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, increasing the concentration of [Ca²âº] i and AMP. Significant prospects have the myokines investigation of the role in the different disorders correction. So now accumulated enough data for myokines consideration as a single functional system, which plays an important role in the adaptation mechanisms to the habitual exrcise.