Perforation of the small intestine caused by enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma.

Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma is a rare lymphoma specific to the gastrointestinal system, arising from intraepithelial T lymphocytes, that is often associated with celiac disease. We report a 53-year-old female patient with no previous disease who presented with severe abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness and abdominal guarding and the patient underwent emergency surgery with a diagnosis of acute abdomen. During the operation, a 20-cm mass was found located on Treitz ligament, invading the duodenum and pancreatic head and perforating the jejunum. Histologically, medium-sized monomorphic atypical lymphocyte infiltration with dark nucleus and narrow cytoplasm was seen in the layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscular wall, and serosa of the duodenum. The final pathological diagnosis was "enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma type 2" based on immunohistochemical and serological findings. Based on the World Health Organization 2008 criteria, enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma has two subtypes. Type 1 enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma is associated with celiac disease and has HLA DQ2 and HLA DQ8 genotype. Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma 2 enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma seldom occurs and is not associated with celiac disease.

Prognostic value of p53 protein expression in giant cell tumor of bone.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign tumor with a tendency for local recurrence. GCTB may cause lung metastases, and secondary malignant GCTB is rare. Its histological appearance does not predict local aggressiveness and/or the metastatic potential of the tumor. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Ki-67 proliferative index and p53 protein expression in GCTB in predicting local recurrence, lung metastasis, and malignant transformation. We retrospectively reviewed 42 cases of GCTB. The p53 expression was positive in 20 cases. We used 10% as a cut-off value for p53 expression. In 10 cases, there were local recurrences. Lung metastases were found in three cases and malignant transformation was found in one case with classical GCTB located in the sacrum three years following diagnosis. The Ki-67 index was higher in cases with recurrence, but this difference was not statistically significant. Of the recurrent cases, two had no p53 staining while eight had moderate-to-strong staining. The staining was usually weakly positive in the non-recurrent cases. In conclusion, we believe that p53 may be used as a marker for the biological behavior of GCTB.

Lack of prognostic significance of adiponectin immunohistochemical expression in patients with triple-negative breast cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) - which lack the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) - have no established markers that can be used for prognostic stratification. As adiponectin has been previously implicated in a more aggressive phenotype of primary breast cancer, we explored the relation between adiponectin immunohistochemical expression and prognosis in TNBCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for adiponectin was performed in 38 TNBC patients. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) served as the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Of the 38 TNBC patients, 18 (47%) had negative and 20 (53%) positive adiponectin immunohistochemical expression. We did not find any significant association between adiponectin immunohistochemical expression and the baseline characteristics. In addition, there were no associations between adiponectin immunohistochemical expression and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Although our results suggest that adiponectin immunohistochemical expression is not of prognostic significance in TNBCs, further studies are warranted to determine the role of this adipokine in breast cancer biology.