[Direct assessment of changes in biomechanical properties of the cornea after ReLEx SMILE and FemtoLASIK surgeries]. / Neposredstvennaya otsenka izmenenii biomekhanicheskikh svoistv rogovitsy posle provedeniya operatsii ReLEx SMILE i FemtoLASIK.

The aim of this study was to evaluate corneal biomechanical properties in myopic patients after ReLEx SMILE and FemtoLASIK surgeries using the Corvis ST analyzer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SMILE group comprised 23 patients (46 eyes) with spherical refraction -3.8±1.8 diopters (D), the FemtoLASIK group included 18 patients (36 eyes) with spherical refraction -3.5±1.3 D. Analysis of the biomechanical properties of the cornea was carried out using the CORVIS ST device (Oculus, Germany) before and seven days after corneal refractive surgery. RESULTS: In the SMILE group, with intraoperative decrease in corneal thickness of 91.43±19.43 µm, a significant increase in the following parameters was observed: deformation coefficient (DA ratio; p=0.0001), peak distance (PD; p=0.02) and inverse concave radius (ICR; p=0.003); a decrease in the stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP-A1; p=0.0001), Corvis biomechanical index (CBI; p=0.0001), intraocular pressure (IOP; p=0.001). In the FemtoLASIK group, with intraoperative decrease in corneal thickness of 75.33±32.3 µm, we observed a significant increase in DA ratio (p=0.0002), PD (p=0.04), ICR (p=0.0002), a decrease in SP-A1 (p<0.0001), IOP values (p=0.0003). In comparison with the FemtoLASIK group, the deformation amplitude DA changed significantly less in the SMILE group (p=0.04). In the FemtoLASIK group, in comparison with the SMILE group, the DA ratio (p=0.0009) and SP-A1 (p=0.0003) significantly increased. Intraoperative corneal thickness change correlates with ICR both in SMILE (R=0.52) and in FemtoLASIK (R=0.65). CONCLUSION: Corneal biomechanical properties determined with CORVIS ST in eyes with mild to moderate myopia change to a lesser extent after ReLEx SMILE compared to FemtoLASIK.

[A new approach in the compression therapy of postoperative scars]. / Novyi podkhod v kompressionnoi terapii posleoperatsionnykh rubtsov.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of compression therapy with a prolonged plaster of Contractubex in the formation of skin scarring in children after surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective open-label randomized trial, 109 patients aged 5.3±2.1 years after surgery: boys - 73, girls - 36. Patients were divided into 2 groups: in the main group (54 children) the application of the prolonged plaster Contractubex was performed; in the control group (55 patients) - dynamic observation. The scar deformation was assessed according to the Vancouver scale for 10, 30 and 90 postoperative days. RESULTS: 94.4% patients had good compliance; in 2 (3.7%) - satisfactory; in 1 (1.9%) - unsatisfactory compliance. In our study, the formation of hypertrophic scars in the main group was significantly less frequent than in the control group (1 and 8 patients, respectively, χ2=4.241, p=0.042). CONCLUSION: Thus, the use of the prolonged plaster Contractubex in the near and distant period a good cosmetic and functional result in the formation of a postoperative scar was provided.

[The complications of intestinal stoma in children]. / Oslozhneniia kishechnykh stom u detei.

AIM: To investigate the complications of intestinal stoma in children and to develop measures for decrease of their incidence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 152 children with congenital and acquired gastrointestinal pathology requiring surgical treatment with the imposition of intestinal stoma. Atresia of intestinal tube was observed in 28 (18.4%) children, meconium ileus - in 10 (6.6%) cases, Hirschsprung's disease - in 11 (7.2%)cases, anorectal malformations - in 39 (25.7%) cases, multiple malformations - in 11 (7.2%) patients, necrotic enterocolitis - in 56 (36.8%) patients, other reasons - in 7 (4.6%) cases. The average age of patients was 12,3±7,2 days. There were 93 (61.2%) boys and 59 (38.8%) girls. Ileostomy, ileocolostomy and colostomy were made in 37 (24.3%), 46 (30.3%) and 69 (45.4%) cases respectively. Time of intestinal stoma function was 18-217 days. RESULTS: Early complications were dehiscence in the area of stoma in 4 (2.6%) children, evagination in 7 (4.6%) patients, marginal necrosis of stoma in 2 (1.3%) cases, retraction of stomy into abdominal cavity in 1 (0.6%) child and abdominal skin maceration in 8 (5.2%) patients. Remote complications included dermatitis around stomy in 35 (23.1%) children, stenosis of stoma in 9 (5.9%) cases, evagination of stoma in 12 (7.9%) patients. Also, 5 patients were unable to use the colostomy bag due to vicious overlaying of intestinal stoma. Using the colostomy bags «Coloplast¼ and skin care products around the stoma significantly reduced (p<0.01) the number of complications at inpatient stage of treatment. CONCLUSION: Successful function of stoma depends on not only technical aspects but also obligatory care performance with timely correction of complications.

[Bone marrow hematopoiesis in leptospirosis and its role in anemia pathogenesis]. / Kostno-mozgovoe krovetvorenie pri leptospiroze i ego rol' v patogeneze anemii.

Sternal biopsy was made for and the dynamics of medullary hemopoiesis was examined in 20 patients with leptospirosis caused by L. icterohaemorragiae, L. canicola and L. gebdomadis. A severe icteric disease form complicated on day 10.75 +/- 1.26 by anemia was observed in all patients. A moderate activation of erythropoiesis, irritation of the lymphomonocytic sprout as well as oppression of the basophile and neutrophile series were the characteristic features of myelograms at the acute illness stage. Leptospirosis did not affect the functional ability of the bone marrow and no oppressive myelotoxic action as produced by Leptospira was observed. Anemia in patients with leptospirosis is predominantly of the hyperregenerative nature with the normoblastic hemopoiesis type.

Infrared intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy with a continuous-scan Fourier-transform interferometer.

High-quality broadband infrared high-resolution spectra were obtained by use of the intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy technique with a Ti:sapphire laser in combination with a continuous-scan Fourier-transform (FT) interferometer. With electronic filtering used to smooth out the fluctuations of the laser power, the absorption of atmospheric water vapor in the range of 12,450-12,700 cm(-1) was recorded at a resolution of 0.05 cm(-1). A signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 300 was observed in this spectrum, corresponding to a minimum detectable absorption of approximately 2 x 10(-9) cm(-1). Comparison with previous measurements by use of a conventional FT technique shows that this method gives absorption spectra with highly accurate line positions along with reasonable line intensities. Investigation of the evolution of intracavity laser absorption spectra with the generation time is also shown to be possible with a continuous-scan FT spectrometer by use of the interleave rapid-scan method.

Jet-discharge cavity ring-down spectroscopy of ionized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: progress in testing the PAH hypothesis for the diffuse interstellar band problem.

Naphthalene cations (C10H+8) were produced in a slit jet coupled with an electronic discharge, and cavity ring down was used to obtain its absorption spectrum in the region 645-680 nm. Two of the strongest C10H+8 bands previously characterized by matrix isolation spectroscopy were found, both with a fractional blue shift of about 0.5%. This is the first gas-phase electronic absorption spectrum of an ionized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). This work opens the way for a direct comparison of laboratory PAH spectra with the diffuse interstellar bands (DIB), the origin of which still constitutes an open problem in astrophysics.

High-sensitivity intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy with vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers.

We report the demonstration of high-sensitivity intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy with multiple-quantum-well vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers (VECSEL's). A detection limit of 3 x 10(-10) cm (-1) has been achieved. The spectrotemporal dynamics of a VECSEL in the 1030-nm wavelength region has been studied. The laser was operating cw at room temperature, with a baseline signal-to-noise ratio as high as 400. The laser was optically pumped with a threshold as low as 80 mW and was broadly tunable over a spectral range of approximately 75 nm .

Intracavity laser absorption measurements at ultrahigh spectral resolution.

Intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy with ultrahigh sensitivity and enhanced spectral resolution is demonstrated. It entails use of an intracavity étalon that selects equally spaced modes of the cavity. These modes are reduced in intensity when they occur at spectral locations where absorption that is due to intracavity species also occurs. We obtained absorption spectra by tuning the étalon in small steps across its free spectral range, recording intracavity spectra at each step, and summing the result. The maximum resolution is determined by the width of the étalon peaks, which was ~0.01 cm(-1). When the finesse of the étalon is increased, the resolution equal to the width of a single laser mode can be achieved. With this technique, spectra at Doppler-free resolution such as that required for studies of high vibrational-overtone transitions of molecules in supersonic jets are possible.