Evaluation of Eye Safety Protocol in the Dental Office.

Background: Ocular health is significant as undetected and untreated eye conditions can lead to vision loss and blindness. Usually, dentists, dental assisting staff, and patients undergoing frequent dental corrections are likely affected by eye injuries. Methods: This survey aimed to evaluate eye safety protocols in the dental fraternity. A prevalidated questionnaire was given to practicing graduate and postgraduate dentists to obtain details of the eye safety protocol they adopted. Results: A total of 150 dentists approached; only 125 chose to participate in the survey and answered our questionnaire. Although most dentists used eye protection for themselves, primarily personal eyeglasses and face shields, eye injury was quite common in them. Conclusion: Data from this study revealed that the use of eye safety practices among the respondents could be improved. Clinicians should be aware that they are responsible for providing adequate eye protection for themselves and their assisting staff and patients.

Perception and assumptions of young waterpipe smokers in Mumbai, India.

Background: Hookah smoking has been on raise all over the world, including India, especially among youngsters. There is growing evidence suggesting the high school children experimenting this form of tobacco. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics, behavior, and perceptions related to hookah smoking among the hookah smokers in Mumbai. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 randomly selected young adults between the age group of 15-35 years in Mumbai who visited different dental clinics. The questionnaire was distributed as Google Forms online in the month of November and December 2019 and those who submitted completed responses were included in the study. Results: Only 114 participants returned with the completed forms in the time period of 2 months. The results showed that the majority of participants were between 20 and 24 age, comprising 58% who were having the habit of hookah smoking. Among which 24% females, 76% males had history of hookah habit. Eight percent of males started smoking hookah from very young age. Males (29.89%) shared one hookah pot with four members. Forty percent of the participants stated that they are interested to smoke again because of hookah flavor. Conclusion: Easy availability of newer forms of smoking at online markets could play a role in promoting the use of hookah among youngsters. Most products are being sold without any warnings, and there is no means to control the selling of the products to minors. Educational intervention is urgently needed to create awareness among youth about the harmful effects of hookah smoking.

Résumé Contexte: L'usage du narguilé est en hausse dans le monde entier, y compris en Inde, en particulier chez les jeunes. Il existe de plus en plus de preuves suggérant que les lycéens expérimentent cette forme de tabac. Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude était d'enquêter sur les caractéristiques, comportement et les perceptions liées à la consommation de narguilé parmi les fumeurs de narguilé à Mumbai. Matériaux et méthodes: Une enquête transversale a été menée auprès de 200 jeunes adultes sélectionnés au hasard dans la tranche d'âge 15-35 ans à Mumbai, qui ont visité différentes cliniques dentaires. Le questionnaire a été distribué sous forme de Google Forms en ligne au cours des mois de novembre et décembre 2019 et ceux qui ont soumis des réponses complétées ont été inclus dans l'étude. réponses complétées ont été incluses dans l'étude. Résultats: Seuls 114 participants sont revenus avec les formulaires remplis dans la période de temps de 2 mois. Le site résultats ont montré que la majorité des participants avaient entre 20 et 24 ans, comprenant 58% qui avaient l'habitude de fumer le narguilé. Parmi eux, 24% de femmes et 76% d'hommes avaient des antécédents de narguilé. Huit pour cent des hommes ont commencé à fumer le narguilé dès leur plus jeune âge. Les hommes (29,89%) partageaient un pot de narguilé avec quatre membres. Quarante pour cent des participants ont déclaré qu'ils sont intéressés à fumer à nouveau à cause de la saveur du narguilé. Conclusion: La disponibilité facile de nouvelles formes de fumer sur les marchés en ligne pourrait jouer un rôle dans la promotion de l'utilisation du narguilé parmi les jeunes. du narguilé chez les jeunes. La plupart des produits sont vendus sans aucun avertissement, et il n'existe aucun moyen de contrôler la vente des produits aux mineurs. aux mineurs. Une intervention éducative est nécessaire de toute urgence pour sensibiliser les jeunes aux effets nocifs du narguilé. Mots clés: Narguilé, salons de narguilé, tabac, pipe à eau, jeunes.

Anatomical variations of clivus: a descriptive anatomical study.

PURPOSE: The clivus is a part of the sphenoid bone. It may show some anatomical variations such as fossa navicularis magna (FNM), canalis basilaris medianus (CBM) and craniopharyngeal canal (CPC). These variations have been associated with conditions like meningitis and tumors of skull base. Inadequate information about these structures may pose a risk of inaccurate diagnosis resulting in unwarranted interventional procedures. Hence, the knowledge about the prevalence of these variations is important. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of fossa navicularis magna, craniopharyngeal canal and canalis basilaris medianus and its types utilizing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODS: Retrospectively, a total of 350 CBCT scans were evaluated for the presence of FNM, CBM, its types and CPC. The analysis was done by two observers independently. Cohen's kappa statistics was used to determine the interobserver agreement. RESULTS: FNM was noted in 19.4% cases, CBM in 9.7% cases, whereas CPC was not identified in any case. Type 5 was the most common type of CBM. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between genders and age groups for the prevalence and a highly significant (p < 0.01) substantial agreement between observers for the prevalence of FNM and highly significant (p < 0.01) moderate agreement for the prevalence of CBM and its types was obtained. CONCLUSION: FNM, CBM, CPC, albeit rare anatomical variations of clivus, knowledge of these structures is important for radiologists, anatomists and surgeons to avoid misdiagnosis and provide awareness to the individual of a higher possibility of meningitis or tumors of the skull base.

Prevalence of Pneumatized Articular Tubercle Using Panoramic Radiography and Cone Beam-Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study.

CONTEXT: In 1985, Tyndall and Matteson first described the air cells that occur in the root of zygomatic arch and in the articular eminence of the temporal bone but do not extend beyond the zygomaticotemporal suture. AIMS: The aim is to study the prevalence and patterns of pneumatized articular tubercle (PAT) retrospectively using two different imaging modalities, i.e., digital panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Total 3000 panoramic radiographs belonging to 1291 females and 1709 males and CBCT scans of 200 patients belonging to 62 females and 138 males were studied retrospectively and investigated for radiographic features of pneumatized articular tubercle. RESULTS: Prevalence found by using panoramic radiography is 1.96% and by using CBCT is 12.5%. CONCLUSIONS: This research scrutinizes the prevalence of pneumatized articular tubercle and establishes the prevalence of the same among the studied population, using panoramic radiography and CBCT.

The clinico-radiological spectrum of masseteric venous malformation: Case report.

Due to its location, intra-masseteric venous malformation often mistaken for a parotid swelling and clinical examination alone frequently underestimates the deep extension of the lesion and rarely gives accurate pre-operative diagnosis. But once it is diagnosed, the feasibility of the treatment and the plan of approach depend on accurate delineation of the extent, size and location of the lesion. Therefore, complimentary radiographic studies are essential for its management. In this case report, typical features of venous malformation within the masseter muscle, including clinical findings (turkey wattle sign) and imaging are presented. Ultrasonography and CT scan were non-contributory in the diagnosis, while on MRI, masseteric venous malformations have a typical appearance that allowed early identification, patient education and its management.

Classical presentation of Gardner's syndrome in an Indian patient: A case report.

Gardner's syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the presence of colonic polyposis, osteomas, and a multitude of soft-tissue tumors. Dental anomalies are present in estimated 30% of all affected individuals of Gardner's syndrome, so dental professionals play an important role in determining the early signs of the syndrome. The intestinal polyps have a 100% risk of undergoing malignant transformation if not treated thus, early diagnosis and regular surveillance are important. In this report, we describe classical presentation of Gardner's syndrome in a patient who presented with bilateral swellings on palate along with multiple impacted teeth.

Oral manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism: A case report.

There are a number of systemic diseases causing bony lesions throughout the body. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) which is associated with chronic renal failure is one such disorder resulting in a variety of bony changes. Secondary HPT develops when the parathyroid hormone is continuously produced in response to chronic low levels of serum calcium, a situation usually associated with the chronic renal disease. Here we present a case of secondary HPT causing bony changes in maxilla and mandible.

Leprous macrocheilia: A rare clinical presentation.

Oral leprosy, a granulomatous disease is classified under the term oro-facial granulomatosis which comprises a group of diseases characterized by noncaseating granulomas affecting the soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. The most common clinical presentation of oro-facial granulomatous conditions is persistent swelling of one or both lips. Due to its rare incidence and clinical findings overlapping with other granulomatous conditions such as sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, and cheilitis granulomatosa; it is practically difficult for a dental surgeon to easily diagnose this condition. This study presents a case of leprosy causing macrocheilia as the only clinical presentation and diagnosed initially as Miescher's cheilitis based on exclusion criteria.

Cone-beam computed tomography: An inevitable investigation in cleidocranial dysplasia.

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a heritable skeletal dysplasia and one of the most common features of this syndrome is multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Cone-beam computed tomography, the most recent advancement in maxillofacial imaging, provides the clinician to view the morphology of the skull and the dentition in all three dimensions and help in treatment planning for the patient.

Mucopyocele of the maxillary sinus.

Mucoceles are defined as chronic, cystic lesions in the paranasal sinuses. When the mucocele content becomes infected, the lesion is defined as mucopyocele. Most mucoceles are located in the frontal and anterior ethmoid sinuses and normally they involve the frontal-ethmoid complex, expanding to the superior-medial region of the orbit, leading to ocular disorders; maxillary sinus presentation is rare. In the present article, the authors described a rare case of mucopyocele in the maxillary sinus.