Simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat exacerbates postprandial exogenous lipidemia in young healthy Japanese women.

AIM: To investigate the acute effects of the simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in healthy young women. METHODS: Nine young healthy Japanese women with a normal weight (body mass index: 18.5≤-< 25 kg/m(2)), a normal ovarian cycle and an apolipoprotein E 3/3 phenotype were enrolled as participants and studied on four occasions. At each session, the subjects ingested one of four beverages containing either glucose or fructose (0.5 g/kg body weight each) with or without OFTT cream (1 g/kg, 0.35 g/ kg as fat) in a randomized crossover design. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after ingestion. RESULTS: The ingestion of fructose combined with fat led to significantly higher rises in the serum triglyceride (TG), remnant-like particle (RLP)-TG, remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol (RemL-C) and apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB48) concentrations with delayed peaks compared with that observed following ingestion of the other three types of beverages. The incremental area under the curve (ΔAUC)-TG and ΔAUC-apoB48 were larger than those observed for the ingestion of fat only. The serum RLP-TG and apoB48 concentrations returned to the fasting levels (0 hours) at the end of the test (6 hours) following the ingestion of fat only; however, these concentrations did not return to the fasting levels following the intake of fructose combined with fat. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a delay in the clearance of intestinal TG-rich lipoproteins, namely chylomicron and its remnant, following the ingestion of fructose combined with fat. The simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat markedly enhances postprandial exogenous lipidemia in young healthy Japanese women.

A nineteen-year cohort study on the relationship of electrocardiographic findings to all cause mortality among subjects in the national survey on circulatory disorders, NIPPON DATA80.

BACKGROUND: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most popular tools for daily clinics and health checkup, and has been used for the National Survey on Circulatory Disorders to assess the health status in Japanese people. The meaningfulness to predict mortality from all causes among people with ECG abnormality is to be clarified using national samples. METHODS: ECG findings recorded among 9,638 subjects for National Survey on Circulatory Disorders 1980 in Japan, were classified using the Minnesota Codes (mc). Their relationships to all cause mortality over 19 years were examined using Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for sex, age, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and smoking habits. RESULTS: Subjects with abnormal Q-QS findings showed significantly high hazard ratios ( 3.71(mc1-1) and 1.57 (mc1-3)) for mortality to the subjects who were free from any major ECG findings. Hazard ratios were 1.37 (mc2-1) to 4.16 (mc2-5) for axis deviation, and 1.34 (mc3-1) to 1.35 (mc3-3) for left high R waves. Those were 1.63 (mc4-3) to 2.59 (mc4-1) for ST depression, and 1.54 (mc5-3) to 2.33 (mc5-1) for T abnormality. The lower the second number of the Minnesota Codes was, the higher hazard ratio was observed in the Q-QS, ST, T codes. The hazard ratios of junction-type ST depression (mc4-4), and low T waves (mc5-4, 5-5) were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: ECG findings defined by the Minnesota Codes were useful to predict the risk for mortality from all causes even after adjusting for the other major risk factors, and the results supported a usefulness of the ECG for health check-ups.

Dietary sesame lignans decrease lipid peroxidation in rats fed docosahexaenoic acid.

We have previously reported that dietary sesamin and sesaminol, major lignans of sesame seed, elevate the alpha-tocopherol concentration and decrease the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration in the plasma and liver of rats. In this study, the effects of dietary sesamin and sesaminol on the lipid peroxidation in the plasma and tissues of rats fed docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) were examined. Male Wistar rats (4-wk-old) were divided into the following six experimental groups: control group, fed a basal diet: sesamin group, fed a diet with sesamin (2 g/kg); sesaminol group, fed a diet with sesaminol (2 g/kg); DHA group, fed a diet containing DHA (5 g/kg); DHA + sesamin group, fed a diet containing DHA with sesamin; and DHA + sesaminol group, fed a diet containing DHA with sesaminol. Each diet contained either 0.01 or 0.05 g D-alpha-tocopherol/kg, and the rats were fed the respective experimental diet for 5 wk. The dietary DHA elevated the TBARS concentration and also increased the red blood-cell hemolysis induced by the dialuric acid. The dietary sesamin and sesaminol lowered the TBARS concentrations and decreased the red blood hemolysis. The dietary sesamin and sesaminol elevated the alpha-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and brain of the rats fed a diet with or without DHA. These results suggest that dietary sesame lignans decrease lipid peroxidation as a result of elevating the alpha-tocopherol concentration in rats fed DHA.