Conductometric Flexible CuO-Based Sweat-Loss Monitoring Sensor for Future Wearable Technology in Healthcare.

Healthcare tracking supports early diagnosis of illnesses, real-time tracking of the impacts of therapy and treatment, and tracking of cases of human health. Based on this, real-time tracking of sweat loss provides an easy, convenient, and noninvasive approach to the early diagnosis of physical illness in individuals. To date, copper oxide (CuO) as a nanostructured semiconductor metal-oxide is regarded as a hopefully p-type sensing material. The corresponding sweat rate monitoring systems were fabricated using a repeatable and cost-effective SILAR system using a cellulose acetate-based organic substrate. To provide a practical application, we investigated the working efficiency of Al:CuO under room conditions since most clinical and healthcare industries operate under ambient temperature. Fabricated flexible devices immediately respond to the implementation of the sweat solution and reach a steady-state value in a short time. It can be obtained from experimental results that the sweat-loss monitoring performances of CuO-based devices can be enhanced by employing Al-doping. The increment in the sensing efficacy was interpreted in terms of structural and morphological characterization and electrical data. Our designed flexible thin film-based system can be used in conjunction with a customized wearable, healthcare industry integrated, low-cost fabrication source.

Nanostructured CuO Thin-Film-Based Conductometric Sensors for Real-Time Tracking of Sweat Loss.

Enhanced sweat sensors lead to real-time, sustained, noninvasive tracking of sweat loss, ensure insight into individual health conditions at the molecular level, and have obtained prominent interest for their hopeful implementations in customized health tracking. Metal-oxide-based nanostructured electrochemical amperometric sensing materials are the best selection for continuous sweat monitoring devices owing to their high stability, high-sensing capacity, cost-effectiveness, miniaturization, and wide applicability. In this research, CuO thin films have been fabricated by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique (SILAR) with and without the addition of Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna, (LiL)) leaf extract (C10H6O3, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) with a high-sensitive and rapid response for sweat solution. Despite the pristine film being responsive to the 65.50 mM sweat solution (S = 2.66), the response characteristic improves to 3.95 for the 1.0% LiL-implemented CuO film. Unmodified, 1.0% LiL and 3.0% LiL-substituted thin-film materials assure considerable linearity with linear regression ranges, R2, of 0.989, 0.997, and 0.998, respectively. It is noteworthy here that this research aims to determine an enhanced system that could potentially be implemented in real-life sweat-tracking administrations. Real-time sweat loss tracking capabilities of CuO samples was found to be promising. Derived from these outcomes, we concluded that the fabricated nanostructured CuO-based sensing system is a useful application for the continuous observation of sweat loss as a biological argument and compatibility with other microelectronic technologies.